scholarly works
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Item Small bowel responses to enteral honey and glutamine administration following massive small bowel resection in rabbit(2008) Eyarefe, O.D.; Emikpe, B. O.; Arowolo, O. A.The trophic effects of honey and glutamine in the healing and adaptation of the small bowel following intestinal resection were studied in some Nigerian non-descript breeds of rabbits. Nine rabbits of mixed sexes with mean body weight of 1.45 ±0.55kg were used. They were randomised into three treatment groups following 50% small bowel resection. Group A rabbits were placed on oral honey treatment. Group B on oral glutamine and group C on normal saline (control). All groups exhibited signs of small bowel adaptation (glutamine(B) honey (A) control (C) at the end of the experiment (4 weeks) with oral glutamine showing the best overall effects on intestinal mucosal growth and adaptation evidenced by significant increase (P<0.05) in residual bow'el length (37.3%), villi width (20.0%), crypt depth (113.3%) and a non significant increase in villus height (33.3%) and cellular mass (10.2%). Honey showed a better effect than control with a significant increase (P<0.05) in villi width (18.2%), crypts depth (66.7%) and cellular mass (33.9%) and a non significant increase in gross residual bow'el length (24.6%), and villus height (30.5%). Our result shows that honey and glutamine have trophic effects on bowel mucosa healing and hyperplasia and have potential therapeutic effects on massive bowel resection in humansItem Splenic lymphoma in an adult local bitch-a case report(2008) Oni, S. O.; Akinrinmade, J. F.; Ajadi, R. A.; Eyarefe, O.D.; Olaifa, A. K.A four-year old local dog weighing 12kg was presented four days after signs of persistent anorexia and dullness were observed. Physical examination of the bitch revealed a circumscribed distension of the left lateral abdomen about 5cm caudal to the rib cage, which on palpation appeared firm, discrete and nodular but painless. X-rays views confirmed that the mass was intrasplenic and had a fat density. Blood and urine samples were analysed, the result of which showed proteinuria, bilirubinuria and neutrophilic leucocyosis. Exploratory laparotomy and spleenectomy were carried out. The extirpated spleen had pendunculated projection. The biopsy of the spleen revealed that the tumour is a lymphomaItem Seasonal limnological variation and nutrient load of the river system in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria(EuroJournal publishing inc., 2008) Adedokun, O. A.; Adeyemo, O. K.; Adeleye, E.; Yusuf, R. K.Ibadan is a highly populated city, characterized by environmental problems arising from improper disposal of solid and liquid wastes, poor wastes collection and handling. We therefore investigated the seasonal limnology and nutrient load of the river system in Ibadan metropolis, Nigeria during the dry season (October 2003-March 2004) and rainy season (August-September 2004). The results revealed that colour, Total suspended solid (TSS), total solids (TS) and total nitrogen were generally higher during the dry season. This suggests that the run-offs have only a diluting effect on these parameters. All the other physical parameters (pH, BOD, DO, COD, TDS, Total hardness) and Nutrient load based parameters (phosphate, sulphate, nitrate and nitrite) were generally higher during the rainy season. Also, in most of the sample points, BOD, TDS, TSS, colour and phosphate levels were relatively higher than the WHO standards for surface water during the two seasons. The poor water quality and nutrient loading observed in the study area has severe consequences on the in-dwelling aquatic flora and fauna. Proper treatment of effluent from industrial processes to acceptable levels, discouraging stagnation of domestic waste and sewage, availability of sewage treatment plants is necessary to curtail the health risk associated with the present level of pollution observed during this study.Item A comparative study of three methods for detecting Fasciola infections in Nigerian cattle(VETERINARSKIARHIV, 2008) Adedokun, O. A.; Ayinmode, A. B.; Fagbemi, B. O.Qualitative examination of Fasciola gigantica eggs in faeces and bile were compared with the detection of precipitating antibodies in sera by agar gel precipitation test (AGPT) in 1000 cattle slaughtered at the Bodija municipal abattoir in Ibadan, Nigeria. Faecal and bile examination methods detected (196) 33.5% and (389) 38.9% of the animals as positive for fasciolosis, while (474) 47.4% were positive by AGPT. Both direct bile examination and faecal egg detection methods have high specificity and positive predictive value (100%) when compared with AGPT. However, lower values for sensitivity and negative predictive value were observed for both faecal egg examination (66.5% and 67.9% respectively) and bile examination (81.0% and 78.9% respectively). Fecal and bile examination failed to detect 33.5% and 19.0% of the cases detected by AGPT. The results of this study revealed that the AGPT could become a better test for the herd diagnosis of bovine fasciolosis for veterinarians and other investigators in Nigeria.Item Seasonal prevalence of fasciola gigantica infection among the sexes in Nigerian Cattle(Medwell Journals, 2008) Adedokun, O. A.; Ayinmode, A. B.; Fagbemi, B. O.This study examined the seasonal prevalence of fasciolosis between tire sexes in Nigerian cattle. The possible role and effect of sex on prevalence of the disease is also discussed. One thousand cattle were examined for infection using the fecal and bile examination for Fasciola eggs and Agar gel precipitation test. Total 750 75%), 448 (44.8%) and 450 (45%) positive were detected by each of tire three methods respectively. The first peak of infection was detected in February' and the second from September to October. Prevalence was higher (52.3%) during the rainy seasons. The annual prevalence was higher in females (63.7%) than in males (36.3%). Prevalence was also higher in females from December to September and peaked (8.1%) in February. Peak prevalence for males occurred in September and October (6.6%), overall prevalence was found to be higher in the females and statistically significant during the dry season.Item Anthelmintic efficacy of the aqueous crude extract of Euphorbia hirta Linn in Nigerian dogs(2005) Adedapo, A. A.; Shabi, O. O.; Adedokun, O. A.The anthelmintic efficacy of the aqueous crude extract of Euphorbia Itirta Linn was studied in 20 Nigerian dogs that were naturally infected with nematodes. They were randomly divided into 4 groups. A, B. C and D. Groups A and B each comprised 4 dogs while groups C and D comprised 6 dogs each. Group A animals were untreated, while those in group B were treated with proprietary anthelmintic (Mebendazole). Groups C and D animals were treated with aqueous crude extracts of E. hirta using intramuscular and oral routes, respectively. Two weeks after treatment, blood and faecal samples were collected to evaluate haematological values and faecal egg counts, respectively. The procedure was repeated two weeks later. Results of this study show that the aqueous crude extracts of E. hirta after its administration into local dogs produced a significant increase (P< 0.05) in PCV, RBC. l ib cone.. TWBC and lymphocyte counts. The faecal egg counts also showed a remarkable and significant reduction in the levels of the identified helminths. The reduction in faecal egg counts was more pronounced with the extract administered through the oral route when compared with the intramuscular route. The effects of the plant extracts were broad spectrum in action. The phenol compound present in the plant extract could have caused reduction in worm load through this same mechanism that culminates in exhaustion and death ofworms. Since the aqueous crude extract of £. hirta significantly reduced the faecal egg count of the helminths, it could serve as an anthelmintic agentItem Ectoparasites and haemoparasites of indigenous chicken (gallus domesticus) in Ibadan and environs.(Tropical Veterinarian, 2003) Sadiq, N.A.; Adejinmi, J.O; Adedokun, O.A.; Fashanu, S.O.; Alimi, A. A.This research undertook the study of ectoparasites and haemoparasites found on and in the body of indigenous chicken (Gallus domesticus). Six hundred and nineteen ectoparasites were collected from 375 chicken from 28 households in and around Ibadan city between February and November, 1999. Of these, 455 (72.72%) were lice, among which 253 (40.12%) were Menopon ga/linae, 53 (8.4%) were Columbicola columbae, 48 (7.75%) were Goniocotes hologuster, 33 (5.33%) were Goniodes gigas, 31 (5%) were Chelopistes meleagridis, 23 (3.7%) were Liperus capon is and 15 (2.42%) were Cuclotogaster heterographus. One hundred and twenty one (19.55%) were identified as the soft tick Argas persicus. Fourty three (6.94%) mites, identified as Dermanyssus gallinae were also found. Giemsa stained smears from 150 uncoagulated chicken blood samples examined at x 1,000 magnification, revealed presence of Plasmodium species (spp.) in 48 (32%) of the samples. Leucocytozoon spp accounted for 30 (20%), while Haemoproteus spp was identified in two (1.3%) of the samples. Mixed infection with Plasmodium spp and Leucocytozoon spp w'ere identified in 14 (9.33%), while Leucocytozoon spp and Plaemoproteus spp were identified in four (2.67%) of the blood samples. Six (4%) of the blood samples have the three haemoparasites. The need to control these ectoparasites was stressedItem Infestation of royal python (python regius) with ticks amblyomma hebraeum in Ibadan Zoo, Nigeria(Tropical Veterinarian, 2003) Ajuwape, A. T. P.; Sonibare, A. O.; Adedokun, R. A.; Adedokun, O. A.; Adejinmi, J.O.; Akinboye, D.G.Tick infestation in royal python is reported. Clinical signs included dullness and inactivity evident in reaction to its prey. Parasitological examination revealed Amblyomma hebraeum. Epidemiological investigation showed WAD goat with external parasite within the reptile area.Item Concurent fatal helm1nthosis and balantidos1s in red monkey (Erythrocebuspatas) in Ibadan, Nigeria(Nigerian Veterinary Journal, 2002) Adedokun, O. A.; Adedokun, R. A. M.; Emikpe, B. O.; Ohore, O. G.; Oluwayelu, D.O; Ajayi, O.L.Fresh fecal specimen from a moribund red monkey (Erythrocebuspatas) from the zoological garden, University of Ibadan with a history of dysentery was examined. Ova of Triclmris spp., Enterobius spp, Ancylostoma spp. and Strongyloides spp., as well as Balantidium spp oocysts were found. Post mortem, findings revealed the large intestine heavily infected with worms especially Trichuris spp., Ancylostoma spp. and Trichostronglus spp. which were enmeshed in a thick layer of mucous and blood on the mucosa. The public health importance is discussed.Item The assessment of fasciola gigantica infection in the rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus) as a laboratory model parasite development - clinical symptoms and liver pathology(2001) Adedokun, O. A.; Fagbemi, B.O.In this study, the rabbit was assessed as a laboratory host lor the helminthes parasite, Fasciola gigantica. Three groups of rabbits were infected experimentally with 5. 10 and 15 metacercariao of F. gigantica respectively. Clinical signs found included pale mucous membrane, progressive emaciation and rough hair coat. The post mortem findings Included haemorrhage and scattered calcified nodulos on the omentum. Echymosis, fibrosis and necrosis were prominent on the liver in addition to fibrosis and thickening ol the gall bladder and bile ducts. Histopathology of the liver revealed congestion, haemorrhage, cellular infiltration and necrosis. Bile ducts were hyper plastic and dbrotic with severe inflammatory reactions The ova of gigantica were recovered from the faeces of some infected rabbits at 10 weeks post infection Mean number of flukes recovered from the rabbits was 0 in the 5 metacercariae group. 2 in the 10 metacercariao group and 5 in the group given 15 metacercariae.
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