Scholarly works Veterinary anatomy
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/570
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Item The appendicular skeleton of the Eidolon helvum (African fruit bat): Gross anatomical investigations(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan (Ibadan, Nigeria, 2024) Igado, O. O.; Ade-Julius, R. E.; Obasa, A. A.The bats are the only known flying mammals. The skeleton is an essential aspect of anatomy and the shape and characteristics of each bone is peculiar to each animal species. Despite the widespread distribution of the African fruit bat (Eidolon helvum), there is no documented data on the morphometrics and description of the skeleton, apart from the axial skeleton documented by this team. This study therefore aims at highlighting the gross description of the individual bones of the appendicular skeleton – fore and hind limbs – of the Eidolon helvum captured from the wild. The bats (5 males, 10 females) were captured from the southwestern part of Nigeria used for this study. They were humanely sacrificed, de-fleshed and subjected to cold maceration. The appearance of the individual bones was unique. Of particular interest were the scapula, ossa coxarum and the metacarpal bones. Similar to neotropical bats, the scapula had a strong similarity in shape and appearance to the human counterpart, while differing greatly from other mammals and avians. The ossa coxarum was the only bone that showed a distinct sexual dimorphism. The shape of the obturator foramen was ovoid in males but more triangular in females. Also, there was non-fusion of the pubic symphysis in the females, unlike that observed in males. The metacarpal was not observable in all subjects, as the carpal bones were seen to articulate directly with the digits distally, and the ulna proximally. Linear measurement results obtained showed that the males had generally higher values, with the wingspan (609.96±64.53 mm) showing a statistically significant difference between the genders (P< 0.05), males being 663.45±14.48 mm, and the females 580.14±62.23 mm. Results obtained from this study provide baseline, data which may find application in basic and comparative anatomical studies, forensic, archaeological and anthropological studies, and wildlife clinical procedures.Item Gross description and osteometrics of the axial skeleton of the Eidolon helvum (African fruit bat)(Physiological Society of Nigeria, 2018) Igado, O. O.; Ade-Julius, E. R.The Eidolon helvum is a straw coloured fruit bat, also known as the African fruit bat. This study details the anatomical peculiarities, gross description and morphometrics of the ribs. Fifteen adult bats were used for this study. The vertebral formula was C7T13-14L3-4S7Cd3-4. Spinous process was rudimentary on thoracic vertebrae 1 to 7. The numbers of the ribs ranged from 13 to 14, with the longest being rib 7, and the shortest being rib 14. Twenty percent of the males and 50% of the females had 14 ribs; the male and one female had the 14th rib being unilateral (present on the right side of male and left side of female). The first rib did not articulate directly with the sternum, but through a connecting triangular-shaped bone. The thoracic inlet and outlet were larger in males, relative to the females (inlet height – males 21.82 ± 2.68 mm, females 20.44 ± 4.91 mm; outlet height – males 36.46 ± 3.76 mm, females 33.23 ± 4.33 mm). The sternum was segmented, five in number and had a ventral elongation like the avian keel. Data obtained may find application in comparative and applied anatomy, and forensic medicine.Item Dental formula and dental abnormalities observed in the Eidolon helvum (fruit bat) captured from the wild(Ibadan Biomedical Communications Group, 2018) Igado, O. O.; Femi-Akinlosotu, O.; Omobowale, T. O.; Ajadi, R. A.; Nottidge, H. O.Bats are known to be the only flying mammals. Eidolon helvum is a species of fruit bats that is reported to have great economic and health importance, while also having an unsavoury reputation in many cultures in Nigeria. This study investigated the dental formula and dental pathologies of Eidolon helvum captured from the wild. The dental profile of 35 adult bats (20 males, 15 females) was assessed. The animals were observed to have a heterodont dentition. The males were observed to have a total of 30 to 36 teeth, while the females had 30 to 34 teeth. A missing lower incisor was observed in some of the females while the males showed a varying number of upper premolar. Severe attrition and edentulousness were observed in some bats examined. Results obtained from this work may shed more light on the different dental pathologies observed in the adult Eidolon helvum in Nigeria.Item Craniofacial morphometrics and macro-neurometrics of the fruit bat (Eidolon helvum)(Sociedad Anatómica Española, 2012) Igado, O. O.; Omobowale, T. O.; Ajadi, R. A.; Nottidge, H. O.This study involved the measurement of craniofacial indices and linear neurometrics in the fruit bat, Eidolon helvum, which are found abundantly in Nigeria. The mean head weight was 38.7±2.74g, while the rimaoris length, distance between medial canthi, and the height of the philtrum were 48.9±7.59 mm, 14.1±0.49 mm, 8.67±0.48 mm respectively. The brain weight and length of brain were 3.22±0.50 g and 2.79±0.18 cm respectively. The males had consistently higher values for most craniofacial and all neurometric parameters measured, while the female values were higher only in the width of the left external nares (5.08±0.55 mm in the females, and 5.0±0.39 mm in the males). Correlation studies revealed negative correlation between the weight of the animal and the weight of the brain. Data obtained from this study will serve as baseline data for craniofacial anatomy and neuro-anatomy research for the fruit bat, Eidolon helvum, and also in comparative anatomy with other breeds of bats.