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Author: search.filters.author.Ojuederie, O. B.

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    Genetic variation in nutritional properties of African yam bean (sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst ex. A. rich. harms) accessions
    (2017) Ojuederie, O. B.; Balogun, M. O.
    The genetic variability in the mineral and proximate compositions of the seeds of 40 accessions and tubers of four accessions of African yam bean (AYB), an underutilized tuberous legume in sub-Saharan Africa, was investigated. Proximate parameters; moisture content, total ash, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, carbohydrate and mineral elements; calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, potassium and iron of the flours were determined according to standard methods. Highly significant differences (p< 0.001) were observed in proximate compositions of the seeds. Crude protein in the seeds ranged from 19.3% (TSs153) to 25.6% (TSs51) and 15.1% (AYB 57) to 15.9% (TSs107) in tuberous accessions. Crude protein, total ash and crude fat were the major contributors (80.2%) to variation in the proximate components of the seeds. Accessions TSs140 and TSs107 were high in crude fibre contents. Magnesium and potassium were prominent in seeds (454.2 mg, 100g-1 and 398.3 mg 100g-1) and tubers (166.7mg, 100g-1 and 1010.1 mg 100g-1) respectively. This study revealed the nutritional benefits of AYB seeds and tubers which could be used as an alternative source of protein, energy requirement and food supplement for human and livestock nutrition.
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    Mechanism for pollination in African yam bean
    (African Crop Science Society, 2016) Ojuederie, O. B.; Balogun, M. O.; Abberton, M. T.
    African yam bean (AYB) (Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst Ex. A. Rich) Harms is a neglected and underutilised legume in tropical Africa. Its utilisation has been hampered by the presence of anti-nutritional factors and lack of improved varieties. The objective of this study was to investigate pollination and determine the rates of selfing and outcrossing in the species. Accession TSs5 had the highest fruit set (63.16%) in the open-pollinated breeding method; while AYB50 had the lowest value (46.61%). Seed set in the selfed accessions ranged from 91.45% (AYB50) to 94.97% (TSs66). Fruit set was highest in the open-pollinated breeding method, with a mean average fruit set of 51.32%. Significant differences (P < 0.01) were obtained in fruit set from accessions isolated with net bags which had the lowest seed set (88.91%) Seed set was highest (92.92%) in the selfed accessions. The self incompatibility index ranged from 1.33 to 2.26 and the rate of fruit set from artificial self-pollination was greater than 30% in the field, and the screen house showing that the species is highly self compatible. Selfing and outcrossing rates of 91.38 and 8.62% showed that S. stenocarpa is not an obligate selfer. AYB sets fruits and seeds when open pollinated, isolated, selfed or crossed with other accessions.
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    Intraspecific variability in agro-morphological traits of African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa (hochst ex. A. rich) harms
    (Korean Society of Crop Science and Springer, 2015) Ojuederie, O. B.; Balogun, M. O.; Akande, S. R.; Korie, S.; Omodele, T.
    Intraspecific variabilities in 40 accessions of African yam bean (AYB) were assessed through characterization of 48 agromorphological traits for two cropping seasons between June and December 2011 and 2012. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis (Semi - partial R squared method). The accessions showed significant differences (P ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.01, P ≤ 0.0001) in 16 reproductive traits. Accessions TSs 66 (144.50 days), TSs 51 (144.67 days) and TSs 154 (144.67 days) were identified as early maturing accessions. The first five principal component axes explained 69.7% of the total variation with PC1 and PC2 contributing 38.9% to the total variation. Correlation coefficients were high and significant for yield traits. A highly significant correlation (r = 0.99***) was observed between seed yield (kg ha-1) and weight of total pods per plant. Tubers were produced from 42.5% of the accessions. The accessions of AYB were meaningfully grouped into five clusters at the R-squared distance of 0.04 similarity index. Phenotypically, AYB 57 and TSs 123 were the most similar accessions with the closest distance of 0.0071. Four seed shapes were identified; oval (82.5%), globular/round (5%), oblong (10%), and rhomboid (2.5%). In order to improve the yield of AYB, the number of seeds per pod, number of pods per plant, weight of total seeds per pod, and weight of total seed per plant are important determinant factors. The genetic variabilities observed in the traits studied could be utilised for improvement of AYB.