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Item Effects of particle size, stem component and genotype on absorbency of kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus L.) grown in Nigeria for oil spill clean-up(Scientific Research Publishing Inc., 2016) Balogun, M. O.; Raji, A. O.The efficacies of different products made from different parts of the stem of different varieties of kenaf grown in Nigeria as oil absorbents were tested. Particle sizes, genotypes and whether mixed or sole stem core or bast differed among the treatments. The fibre component sank in water, and so was not buoyant; the core was partially buoyant while the mixed fibre and core was completely buoyant. Sorption capacity was the highest in the ground whole stem (8.16 g oil/g sorbent), which also retained (6.31 g oil/g sorbent) the highest quantity of oil. Sorption and retention of oil were the lowest in the fibre (1.66 and 0.69 g oil/g sorbent, respectively). After the first use, only the ground stem can be used to re-absorb up to 1.97 g oil/g sorbent of used sorbent. A mixture of genotypes was more absorbent than a single genotype. The implications of these findings in absorbency research are discussed.Item Combining ability and heterosis for fibre yield traits in Nigeria kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) Collections(The Genetics Society of Nigeria, 2014) Akisanya, A. O.; Balogun, M. O.Kenafas a renewable fibre crop is known to yield lower in Nigeria than in other countries of the world. An experiment was conducted at the University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, where sixteen (16) crosses were made among four (4) Nigeria kenaf (Hibicuscannabinus) accessions to investigate the combining ability and heterosis for fibre yield traits in the hybrids. The parents and progenies were planted in three replicates in a randomized complete block design. Data were collected on plant height, stem diameter and girth at flowering and at harvest, as well as stalk weight at harvest and means separated at P=0.05. Results showed no significant differences among genotypes at flowering and for stalk weight at harvest. Higher general combining ability (GCA) over specific combining ability (SCA) was recorded for all characters at harvest. Only accession NHC 10(1) had a positive GCA for height at harvest (21.84) and girth at harvest (1.09). The highest SCA effects were recorded in cross NHC 10(1) X NHC 2(2) for all measured traits. In contrast, the highest positive mid-parentheterosis (28.02%) was obtained in the reciprocal cross NHC 15 X NHC 10(1)followed by NHC 2(2) X NHC 10(1) (25.76%) for HAH. Both crosses had parent NHC 10(1) to be one of their respective parents. Thus, this study identified hybrids NHC 15 X NHC 10(1) and NHC 2(2) XNHC 10(1) as promising for improvement of fibre yield traits. However, performances of these hybrids need to be evaluated in multi-locational and on-farm trials prior to commercial use.Item Variations in in vitro and in vivo indices of photoperiod sensitivity among kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) accessions in Nigeria(Academic Journals, 2013-05) Balogun, M. O.; Olabisi, A. O.; Akande, S. R.In equatorial climates, fibre yield is higher in photo-insensitive kenaf cultivars. To develop a rapid screening method, in vivo and in vitro indices were evaluated. Seven genotypes were grown at natural photoperiod and growth rates before and after flowering, days to flowering and fibre yield were recorded. In vitro, stem and leaf explants of genotypes Tainung and V400 which showed contrasting photoperiodic responses in vivo, were tested for callus induction at 0 and 12 h photoperiod. Calli were transferred to differentiation medium at 12 and 9 h photoperiod and numbers of green spots and embryogenic callus clusters were recorded. Flowering was delayed by at least 27 days in V400 relative to other genotypes. Growth rate reduced by 30% after flowering in all genotypes except V400 where it increased by 60%. Highest yield of 76 g / plant was recorded in V400. Eighty-four percent degree of callus formation by stem was higher than 51% by leaf explants of V400 irrespective of light regime. In Tainung, callus formation varied with explants and photoperiod. Green spots and embryogenic clusters were three times more in Tainung than V400. Both in vivo and in vitro results showed Tainung as photosensitive and V400 as photoinsenstive. Incubating kenaf callus in differentiation medium in 12 h light and evaluating for greenness was useful in screening for photoperiod sensitivity.Item Evaluation of photoperiod sensitivity and adaptation in Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) in some Nigerian agro-ecologies(Elsevier, 2012) Balogun, M. O.; Akande, S. R.; Raji, J. A.; Ogunbodede, B. A.Seven genotypes of Kenaf were grown in pots at controlled and natural photoperiod (PP) regimes in Ibadan, South-western Nigeria, to determine their PP sensitivities. Numbers of days to flowering and fibre yield were recorded. The same genotypes were grown on the field at Jos, Ibadan and Badeggi of high altitude, southern guinea savannah and forest agro-ecologies of Nigeria, respectively. Days to flowering, fibre and seed yields were recorded. Potted plants grown at natural PP flowered earliest, 54 days after planting (DAP) while they flowered at 118 DAP at 12 hours PP. IFEKEN DI400flowered 20 days later than other genotypes at both PP regimes, and was grouped as being relatively photo- insensitive. Fibre yield was significantly higher at natural than at 12 hours PP only in IFEKEN DI400, with highest mean yield of24.08g / plant. In the genotype x environment studies, IFEKEN DI400 was consistently latest to flower across locations with an average of 107 days. Mean fibre yield of 11,314.5kg/ha in Ibadan tripled that obtained in Badeggi and Jos. Genotype Tainung had the highest seed yield of 473.75g and 179.35g at Badeggi and Ibadan, respectively while the lowest seed yield 201.08g for Jos was recorded in genotype 8B. Badeggi is recommended for seed production while Ibadan is recommended for fibre production pending the availability of specifically adapted genotypes. The genotypes IFEKEN DI400, Tainung and 8B are candidate genotypes in breeding for high yield and adaptation to Nigerian agro-ecologies.Item Variation in photo- and thermal- sensitivities among local, improved and exotic kenaf accessions in Nigeria(WFL Publishers, 2007) Balogun, M. O.; Raji, J. A.; Akande, S. R.; Ogunbodede, B. A.The response of two local, eleven improved and one exotic accessions of kenaf to daylength was determined by their increase in vegetative growth after flowering in 2004. Seven out of the fourteen accessions were planted every 4 months in 2005 to determine their sensitivity to natural variations in daylength, temperature, solar radiation and relative humidity in tenns of days to flower initiation, percentage gain in height after flowering and fibre yield. The plants took longer days to flower at longer daylength and higher temperature. Differences among accessions were significant for all traits in 2004. Days to flowering were more in December than in April and August, the number of days differing among accessions. Percentage gain in height after flowering differed with planting date only in the heat-tolerant accessions and was highest in December. Differences in fibre yield were not significant among accessions when planted in August, but differed significantly in April and December. On the average, fibre yield was highest in December and lowest in August. A grouping of the accessions based on their responses to daylength for both years of study was consistent. The implications of these findings in development of agronomically superior varieties and production of raw materials all round the year in Nigeria are discussed.Item Effects of plant growth regulators on indirect somatic embryogenesis in kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus )(The Genetics Society of Nigeria, 2006) Balogun, M. O.; Akande, S. R.; Ogunbodede, B. A.To develop protocols for regeneration of kenaf via indirect somatic embryogenesis, hypocotyl and cotyledon explants of two genotypes were cultured at different 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and kinetin concentrations. The highest callus yields were obtained in medium containing both 0.5mg of kinetin and 0.1mg of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid per litre of medium. The calli were further cultured in twelve different media containing different plant growth regulators to induce somatic embryogenesis. Friable calli were mostly produced in one genotype (Ifeken400) and non-friable in the other (Ifeken400). Among the plant growth regulator regimes, media containing 3.0mg/I of kinetin and that containing 1.5mg/l each of kinetin and NAA did not support production of globular embryos in both varieties. The friable and non- friable caili were most responsive to kinetin and NAA respectively in terms of formation of torpedo embryos. The most advanced walking stick embryos were produced only in Ifeken400 in 1.5mg/l NAA. The importance of genotype and callus type in successful regeneration of kenaf by indirect somatic embryogenesis is discussed. Research is ongoing to achieve whole plantlet regeneration.