Scholarly works in Wildlife and Ecotourism Management
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/599
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Item Biotechnology tools in disease surveillance and monitoring in free ranging wildlife: A review(Wildlife Society of Nigeria, 2018) Omonona, A. O.; Oko, P. A.; Adetuga, A. T.; Coker, O. M.Diseases have become an important challenge, with more than 60% of recent emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) increasingly originating from wildlife due to increasing urbanization, hunting, globalized trade, habitat loss and other environmental changes. This continuous treat of EIDs to biodiversity represents a major crisis and challenge for public health, though there is an international agreement to slow down or halt this menace. Therefore, wildlife disease monitoring and surveillance has been increasing in recent years in an effort to identify and characterize emerging zoonoses. However, traditional monitoring techniques remain problematic due to detection of new disease events, identification of the level and distribution of diseases endemically present in a population, and the invasive nature of some survey techniques. Hence, there is an urgent need for alternative and efficient techniques for large-scale biodiversity monitoring. The disciplines of molecular biology, genomics and evolutionary biology, in particular, are providing insights into the origin of the outbreak, transmissibility, implications and virulence of the pandemic strain. This review therefore, highlights improved free ranging wildlife disease surveillance using biotechnological techniques and highlights genetic tools which could have important socio-economic benefits, including reducing long-term disease management costs, protecting biodiversity and ecosystem services.Item Biotechnology: Lifeline for endangered biodiversity(Wildlife Society of Nigeria, 2018) Coker, O. M.; Oko, P. A.Recent threats to species and ecosystems are the greatest recorded in recent history. In the face of our ever-changing environment, the threshold for the conservation of biodiversity must be raised. A possible viable method is the use of biotechnology in the conservation efforts. This review therefore highlights the use of biotechnology to conserve, maintain and enhance biodiversity. Biotechnology is any technique that uses living organisms, or substances to make or modify a product, to improve plants or animals, or to develop microorganisms for specific uses. Biotechnology has been used to improve and enhance animal and crop productivity, as well as to conserve, evaluate and utilize various aspects of biodiversity. Several biotechnological approaches are important to conserve, analyze and detect genetic diversity of rare and endangered plants and animals. Cloning, plant tissue culture, transgenesis and cryopreservation are quite advantageous and a useful technique that has served to conserve biodiversity. Biotechnological approach, though expensive, can be helpful in the conservation of biodiversity, including threatened, endangered and critically endangered species.