scholarly works

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Abnormal Psychology
(Department of Psychology, University of Ibadan, 1999) Olley, B. O.
Abortion an Sudden Death among Adolescents in Nigeria: A Hidden Psychological Enquiry
(Stirling-Horden Publishers (Nig.) Ltd., 2000) Olley, B. O.; Okpara, C. U.
Academic accommodation of students with special needs in open/ distance education
(International journal of distance education, 2010) Oyewumi, A. M.; Olapegba, P. O.
The presence of individuals with special needs in any society is one reality that cannot be denied anymore, This study therefore, investigated academic accommodation of students with special needs in the open/distance learning mode, The study is a descriptive survey in 5 purposively selected tertiary institutions running open/distance learning programmes and 93 academic heads of departments were sampled. Data obtained from the survey through a structured questionnaire were analysed by frequency counts, simple percentages, means and standard deviations, Results revealed that there were 170 academic accommodation services in all the institutions sampled and the preparation of lecturers was low in academic accommodation of students with special needs. It was therefore, recommended that institutions operating open/distance 'mode of learn should get there programmes and physical environments modified to cater for students with special needs because they are an integral part of their potential student population.
Adolescents' risky sexual behaviour and efficacy of Psycho-education intervention programme among Secondary school students in Oyo State
(African Journal for the Psychological study of Social Issues, 2004) Adejuwon, G. A.; ||Olapegba P.O.; ||Taiwo, A. O.
The study examined adolescents' attitude to risky sexual behaviour and the efficacy of psycho-education intervention programme among 150 Secondary School Students; 100 students were used for the experimental study while 50 were used as the control. Specifically it is aimed at finding out the effectiveness of the psycho-education preventive intervention programme on adolescents' altitude to sexual risk behaviour among adolescents. Four hypotheses were postulated while analysis of variance and t-test for independent samples were used to analyse the data collected. Findings indicate that adolescents who were exposed to the psycho-education preventive intervention programme scored lower in risky sexual behaviour measures than those who were not exposed to psycho-education. Students with low and high quality of life did not differ significantly in their attitude towards risky sexual behaviour. One of the implications of the findings is that irrespective of social status, the adolescents engaged in risky sexual behaviour. It is therefore recommended that preventive intervention programmes should target adolescents at the various socioeconomic levels of the society.
An African perspective on gender and adjustment issues in firms' entrepreneurial orientation
(2011-06) Ekore, J. O.
The paper reviewed earlier attempts that consider female and males on entrepreneurial development. A specific contextual difference in their reaction to cultural expectations in organizational practices and entrepreneurial traits was considered from African perspective which has not enjoyed much attention in entrepreneurial adjustment discussions. The paper revealed that certain cultural practices reinforced by stereotype largely determine the difference between male and females' adjustment to a firm's entrepreneurial orientation. This necessitated the proposition that men and-women would differ in their adjustment to the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation, especially in an African country. A major conclusion reported in the paper is that any firm that seek to promote entrepreneurial orientation need to consider the employees adjustment as an important variable
Alcohol and Drug Abuse in Nigeria: a review of the Literature
(Alcohol and Drug Abuse in Nigeria: a review of the Literature, 1992) Gureje, O; Olley, D.
Analysis of social support network among civil servants in Oyo State, secretariat Ibadan.
(African Journal for the Psychological Study of Social Issues, 2000) Asagba, R.B.; Okechukwu, O.
Analysis of social support networks of young adults was conducted on the basis of two scales. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Whom Do You Turn To Scale (WDYTT) among 150 Junior and Senior Civil Servants of the Oyo State secretariat Ibadan. Their mean (X) age was 37.5 while the Standard Deviation (SD) was 15.1. The VAS and WDYTT scale were used to assess the extend of variation in the social network in the adult period of the life cycle. That is, a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) assesses the extent of closeness for seven interpersonal relationships and a second scale determining to whom the respondents would turn to in 14 situations (WDYTT). Chi-Square-test and t-test analyses were employed. The result showed significant differences, between the best female friend mother etc. Family of orientation vs friends as well as intergenerational vs intra generational were also compared on WDYTT scale. Result also showed significant difference on the friends (interpersonal as first and second choice. The implication and recommendation of the study were made on the need for further researches on social network and relationship across the life-span in Nigeria.
Approaches in handling ethical challenges of cancer treatments and research in Nigeria
(2009) Adejumo, A. O.
The diagnosis of cancer can devastate the physical, emotional, and socio-economic life of an individual. Caring for most cancer patients presents serious ethical challenges to physicians and other health workers. Inclusion of cancer patients in research could be no less challenging, These ethical problems become significantly magnified in the context of patients who have cancer in a low resource environment characterized by high illiteracy rate, poverty and poor health care infrastructure, Some of the ethical problems include: palliative care and end of life issues, particularly since most patients present in advanced stages, withholding or withdrawal Of life support, global equity and justice in drug availability, drug pricing, cancer research and breaking bad news, Adherence to ethical guidelines ill conducting cancer research would go a long way in reducing harms and unethical conducts. Similarly, the relevance of clinical and research ethics committees in resolving complex ethical issues in clinical practice has been suggested. However, where these are in place, the need for recourse to philosoph ical approach, especially virtue ethics in analyzing and resolving ethical concerns in clinical practice cannot be overemphasized. This paper highlights the burden of cancer in Nigeria and the ethical challenges of clinical management of cancer patients, using a case study. The role of clinical ethics and health research ethics committees as well as the justification for virtue ethics above principlism in handling ethical issues in cancer management and research in Nigeria were highlighted.
Assessing self reported ,organizational citizenship behaviour: the role of organizational climate and leadership styles.
(African journal for the psychological study of social issues, 2011) Olapegba, P. O; ||Olowodunoye, S. A
The study assessed the role of organizational climate and leadership styles in predicting organizational citizenship behaviour-of both private and public sectors employees. A total of 203 employees made up of 128 (63.1911 public sector employees and 75 (36.9%) private sector employees were sampled in a cross-sectional survey. Male participants were 129 (63.5%) with74 (36.5%) females. A structured questionnaire made up of' three validated scales was used in data collection. Multiple regression analysis and t-test of independent means were used in analysing the data. Results showed that organizational climate significantly predict organizational citizenship behavior, while leadership styles did not. Also, age of the employees had a significant influence on OCB. This implies that human resource management should look beyond having a good leadership style, because this occupies a little position as far as organizational climate is concerned. Organizations should also strive to enhance the welfare of their employees in order to retain their employees since age is significantly important in predicting OCB.
An assessment of helping behaviour of University of Ibadan campus resident Students
(2001) Balogun, S. K.; Shenge, N. A,
Attitude toward rape as a function of personality types, educational status and religion.
(2000) Olapegba, P.O.||; Olumuyiwa, O.
This study examined the attitude of people toward rape as a function of some psychosocial variables (personality types, educational status and religion). Participants in the study were made up of 200 people (118 males & 82 females). Attitude Toward Rape (ATR) Scale and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire were used for data collection. Results show that there is no significant difference in the attitude of introverts and extraverts on rape. t=-1.56. df198.,p>.05. subjects with higher educational status have significantly higher anti-rape attitude. t=3.06, df=198, p<.05. Males have higher anti-rape altitude than females, t=2.29. df=198. p<. 05.
Attitude towards savings, cooperative loans and monetary investment as predictors of psychological well-being among university non-academic staff
(Academic Journals, 2013-09) Ekore, J.O.; Omisore, O.O.
The study explored attitude towards savings, loans and monetary investment in predicting psychological well-being of non-academic university employees. A sample of 230 that comprised 122 male (53%) and 108 females (47%) were the respondents. Their age ranged between 21 and 55 years, with a mean of 38 (SD=10.4). Participants were administered psychological well-being, attitude towards savings, attitude towards cooperative loan and attitude towards monetary investment scales. Attitude towards savings, co-operative loan and investments significantly predicted psychological well being (R2 =.226; F (3,225) =23.17; P<.01). Attitude towards co-operative loan and attitude toward savings significantly predicted psychological well-being independently (t= 6.04; β=.358; P<.05 and t=3.24; β=.210; P<.05 respectively). Attitude towards savings and cooperative loans play significant role in university employees’ psychological well being. It implied that having big savings and access to credit facility do enhance the psychological well-being of employees, whereas monetary investments may not. This might be attributed to the instability of capital markets where investment remain fluid and uncertain. Therefore, public institutions are encouraged to emphasise training and sensitization programmes where employees can learn more about attitude toward personal financial management because of the role in their psychological well-being
Attitudes of subordinates toward women in leadership position
(Ife PsychologLA, 2008-12) Okhakhume, A.S.
The study investigated how women in leadership position are perceived accepted and evaluated by their subordinates. In an attempt to elicit subjects' response, the subordinates attitude questionnaire scale was constructed and was administered to 222 workers consisting of 111 males and 111 females drawn from University of Ibadan, Oyo State Secretariat, Nigerian Bottling Company, National Bank of Nigeria, First Banks Nigeria, Chartered Bank, and Cooperative Bank. The t-test of independent sample was used to analyse the research data. The findings revealed that: (a) Male subordinates have negative attitude toward women leader; (b) Subordinates with higher educational qualification have positive attitude towards women leaders; (c) Young subordinates have negative attitudes toward women in leadership position; (d) Christian subordinates have positive attitude toward women in leadership positions than their Moslem counterparts
Behavioural aspects of housing
(Housing development and management: a book of readings, 2008) Balogun, S.K; Olapegba, P.O.
Building Clean Cities in Nigeria: An Overview
(Nigerian Institute of Town Planners (NITP) and Town Planners Registration Council of Nigeria (TOPREC), 2014) Olley, B. O.
Call for logotherapy as a unifying agent in a diverse world
(International forum for logotherapy, 2013) Asagba, R.B.
Career choices of Nigerian youths entering public-funded universities
(2014-03) Shenge, N. A.
Choosing a career is a very challenging process especially among youths. Although career choices and career dynamics are given considerable research attention in the developed countries, these subjects do not attract sustained attention in developing countries. This study tried to fill this research gap and also rekindle desired attention in this research area. The study analyzed Nigeria’s publicly available Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examinations (UTME) s statistics for 2003 and 2007. The focus was on public universities. Results showed that for 2003 and 2007, there were: significant variability in the choices of courses by male and female university admission applicants (more males than females chose science, engineering, and other "hard" courses) ; and significant variability in admission trends for Northern and Southern Nigerian regions (more southern than northern applicants sought to enter the university and chose science, engineering, and other "hard" courses). It was noted that these findings have serious implications for Nigeria’s future educational planning and outcomes. Further suggestions were proposed.
Career interest survey of secondary school students in Niger-delta region of Nigeria
(Harvesting global scientific knowledge for development of African Higher education, 2014-01) Ekore, J. O.
The study examined the career interests of secondary school students in the Niger-Delta area of Nigeria. The survey research utilised qualitative and quantitative methods for data collection. A total of 860 (male-49.1%) female-50.9%) respondents attending private schools in Warri and Port-Harcourt participated in the study. Both descriptive and inferential methods were used for data analysis. Male students were found to be more interested in studying engineering related courses while the females showed greater interest in Health Sciences. Further analyses however) showed no significant difference based on gender in terms of pursuing a career interest. Most of the participants indicated course preference based on potential for financial benefits. It implies that career guidance and policy formulation need to consider interest as a factor in result oriented planning and intervention towards the educational development of the Niger-Delta
Catastrophizing, pain and disability in patients with non-specific low back pain
(Elsevier, 2015) Ogunlana, M. O.; Odole, A. C.; Adejumo, A.; Odunaiya, N.
Background: Attention has been drawn to examining the contributions of “catastrophising” to the prediction of pain and disability in individuals with low back pain (LBP). Objectives: This study investigated the proportion of patients with LBP who engaged in catastrophic thinking about pain and its association with pain intensity and disability. We also investigated the components of pain catastrophising that is predictive of disability. Methods: A total of 275 participants with nonspecific LBP completed the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, the quadruple visual analog scale, and the Revised Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (RODQ). The associations among pain intensity, disability, and catastrophising were investigated using t test. The components of catastrophising that best predicts disability were investigated using multiple linear regressions, and the level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: The majority (85.5%) of the participants had LBP for more than 6 weeks, with 45.5% of the participants having moderate disability and 52.7% being high catastrophisers. High catastrophisers to pain had a significantly higher rating of pain intensity (p < 0.001) and higher score on the RODQ than low catastrophisers to pain. The main components of catastrophising that predicts disability were magnification (p < 0.001) and rumination (p= 0.006). Conclusion: Clinicians should screen patients with nonspecific LBP for a heightened level of catastrophic thinking and endeavour to manage such when present.
Changes in Attitudes towards mental illness after exposure to a course in abnormal psychology among students of a Nigerian University
(Association of Psychiatrists in Nigeria, 2007) Olley, B. O.
Background Several community studies in Nigeria of attitudes towards mental illness suggest low knowledge and a deep-seated negative attitude about the illness. Little is known about the effect of education in changing these rather negative views. Aims: To determine the effects of exposure to a 13 week course in Abnormal Psychology on a follow-up assessment of knowledge and attitudes of undergraduate students of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria towards mental illness. Method: All 140 students who registered for Abnormal Psychology: course code Psy 202 in the 2004/2005 academic session were first assessed at baseline (the first day of lecture) and at after 13 weeks (26 hours) the end of course evaluation. The response rate was 100% at both baseline and at follow-up. Results: At the follow-up evaluation, knowledge about mental illness was significantly higher in all the items measured. There were non-significant changes in all items assessing stigma of mental illness except in the items indicating feeling upset or disturbed working in the same job and maintaining a friendship with someone with mental illness respectively. A significant favourable change was observed in the students perception towards group homes in the neighbourhood for people with mental illness. No significant changes were observed in attitudes toward human rights of the mentally ill, except regarding an item stating that mentally ill individuals should not have children in order to avoid heredity handicaps, with which a lower percentage agreed. Conclusions: Poor knowledge and stigmatization of mental illness still exist among undergraduate students in Nigeria. While exposure to a course in abnormal psychology was effective in changing knowledge, there were still some aspects of stigma that were not amenable to education.