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    Genetic Relationship among Indigenous Goat Populations in Nigeria based on Cellulose Acetate Electrophoresis Systems
    (2018) Ganiyu, O.; Osaiyuwu, O.H.; Akinyemi, M.O.; Salako, E.A.
    Genetic diversity is the baseline for survivability and improvement of livestock in a wide array of environments. Variations among Red Sokoto, Sahel and WAD goats was determined using 5ml of blood collected by jugular venipuncture from 150 randomly selected goats (50 goats per breed). The samples were subjected to Cellulose Acetate Electrophoresis to determine the genetic variants of Haemoglobin (Hb), Transferrin, Carbonic Anhydrase, Albumin, Esterase 1, Esterase 3 and Alkaline phosphatase. Allele frequencies, similarity indices as well as genetic distances among the breeds were estimated. All the breeds in this study were polymorphic for Haemoglobin, Transferrin, Carbonic Anhydrase, Albumin, Alkaline phosphatase and Esterase 1 except WAD which was monomorphic for Alkaline phosphatase. The frequencies of HbA was considerably higher in Red Sokoto and WAD while frequencies of HbB were higher in Sahel goat population. The significant deviations from HWE (P<0.05, P<0.01 and P<0.001) was observed for some of the loci within the breeds. Genetic distance (D) obtained in this study ranged between 0.0648 and 0.1579 which indicates little genetic differentiation between the breeds. The results of this current study suggest that genetic improvement will be better achieved if WAD and Sahel goats are crossed.
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    Genetic Variation Of The Japanese Quail (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica) Based On Biochemical Polymorphism
    (Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade-Zemun, 2017) Akintan, A.A.; Osaiyuwu, O.H.; Akinyemi, O.A.
    The study aimed at characterizing the Japanese quail using biochemical markers. Blood protein polymorphism of one hundred and sixty-six (166) Japanese quails of both sexes comprising of 83 each of mottled brown and white quails were analysed using cellulose acetate paper electrophoresis. Six loci which includes hemoglobin (Hb), transferrin (Tf), albumin (Alb), carbonic anhydrase (CA), alkaline phosphatase (Alp) and esterase-1 (Es-1) were tested. All the loci tested were polymorphic with each locus having two co-dominant alleles controlling three genotypes. Allele B was predominant at Hb, Tf and Es-1 locus with frequencies 0.90, 0.55, and 0.77, respectively while Allele A was predominant at Alb and Alp locus with frequencies 0.83 and 0.58 respectively. The Allele A had generally lower frequencies than B at the CA loci having values of 0.43 - Brown, 0.38 - White and 0.40 – overall. The mean observed heterozygosity (Hₒ) was 0.48 with brown and white quails having Ho values of 0.47 and 0.49 respectively, and the expected heterozygosity was observed to be higher in white quails (0.39) than in the mottled brown (0.31). The genetic distance (0.0534) between white and brown quails in this study showed little genetic differentiation between the brown and the white quails. Dendogram generated from the genetic distance values indicated that the two strains had common origin.