scholarly works
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/452
Browse
5 results
Search Results
Item Genetic structure of indigenous sheep breeds in Nigeria based on electrophoretic polymorphous systems of transferrin and haemoglobin(2018) Osaiyuwu, O.H.; Salako, E.A.The study used 100 indigenous sheep comprising 25 Balami, 25 Uda, 25 Yankassa and 25 West African Dwarf breeds reared extensively. The blood samples were taken from Vena Jugularis, processed according to standard procedure and transferrin and haemoglobin examined using cellulose acetate electrophoresis. The observed allele frequencies and genotypes (%) were tested with Hardy-Weinberg’sEquilibrium (χ2). Seven alleles TfA, TfB, TfC, TfD, TfE, TfGand TfPcontrolling 23 genotypes were observed at the transferrin locus while two haemoglobin alleles (HbAand HbB) controlling three phenotypes HbAA, HbAB and HbBB were detected. Except for the West African Dwarf sheep, all the samples indicated genetic equilibrium revealed by significant difference between observed and expected genotypes at both loci. The observed significant difference between the frequencies of alleles and genotypes at the two studied loci in the West African Dwarf sheep can be used as a source of genetic diversity during selection for improvement. The phylogenetic analysis as viewed by the tree topology suggests that the Balami and Uda may have had the same migration route or may have been the same breed which hadonly just recently branched off through adaptive. Also, the West African Dwarf sheep may have been the first to branch off the path of migration and thus had more clearly defined migration route or origin.Item Haemoglobin Polymorphism in Red Sokoto Goats of Nigeria(2013) Osaiyuwu, O. H.This study describes the genetic structure from the Hb locus in goats of the Red Sokoto type. The haemotypification of the individuals at the Hb locus was achieved by Cellulose acetate electrophoresis. The haemoglobin polymorphism in the Red Sokoto goat was identified in the electrophoretic field of three migration zones: the fast haemoglobin named HbA type, the intermediate migration labelled HbAHbB type and the slow haemoglobin designated HbB type. These phenotypes were determined by the two co-dominant alleles, HbA and HbB' The two alleles control three haemoglobin genotypes: two homozygotes, HbAHbA and HbBHbB, and one heterozygote, HbAHbB. The allele HbA had a higher frequency (60.4%) than the allele HbB (39.6%). The HbAHbB heterozygotes had a higher incidence in the population (64.15%) in comparison with the other two homozygous genotypes; the HbAHbA had a middling frequency (28.30%) and HbBHbB had the least occurrence (7.55%). The observed haemoglobin homozygotness (35.8%) was less than the haemoglobin heterozygotness (64.2%) in the current study. This indicates that environmental conditions, selection system or breeding methods has disturbed the Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium at the Hb locus level in the population of Red Sokoto goatsItem Biochemical Differentiation of Selected Indigenous Cattle Breeds in Nigeria(2018) OIadepo, A.D.; Salako, A.E.; Akinyemi, M.O.; Osaiyuwu, O.H.Variations in genetic resources are the basis for effective genetic improvement in farm animals. Population differentiation is used for objective choice of parental genotypes that constitutes new hybrids in crossbreeding. In Nigeria, population characteristics of some selected indigenous cattle breeds have not been fully documented. Therefore, biochemical differentiation of some selected indigenous cattle breeds in Nigeria was assessed using their blood protein polymorphism. Blood samples (5mL) were taken underneath the fail by venipuncture from 40 cattle randomly selected from each of the five selected breeds. The samples were subjected to cellulose acetate electrophoresis to determine the genetic variants of haemoglobin (Hb), carbonic anhydrase (CA) and transferrin (Tf) following standard procedure. Data were analyzed using allele frequencies and duster analysis. Allele frequencies ranged betweenO.10 (H b *) and 0.90 (HbB+), 0.11 (CAR) and 0.89 (C A ^) and 0.02 (T F) and 0.49 (T F ) across the breed. Two main dusters from the dendrogram were observed for each of Hb, CA and Tf. Genetic variants of transferrin were largest within breed which indicated the potential for selectionItem Haemoglobin Genetic types of some Major Gene types of Nigerian Indigenous Chicken(2012) Akinyemi, M.O.; Osaiyuwu, O. H.; Salako.A.E.; Adegoke, A.N.This study describe the genetic structure of the haemoglobin locus in frizzle and naked chickens of Nigerian indigenous chickens. 1 total of fifty-one birds comprising twenty-nine frizz and twenty-two naked neck birds were used for the study. The locus was polymorphic in the populations studied with genetic variants A and B. HbA had a frequency of 0.636 and <).65ifrizzle and naked neck respectively indicating the predominance of A in both populations. The l\codominant alleles control three haemoglobin genotypes AA. AB and BB. Genotype AA occult at the highest frequency in frizzle types while AB was the most frequent in naked neck birds. 7 populations were analyzed for genetic equilibrium based on the differences between II distributions. Both populations were in genetic equilibrium at the haemoglobin locus.Item Haemoglobin Phenotypes In Balami And Uda Sheep Of Nigeria(2010) Akinyemi, M. O.; Salako, A.E .; Osaiyuwu, O.H.; Ige A.O.Haemoglobin polymorphism was studied in Nigerian indigenous sheep. Blood samples were collected from 30 Balami and 30 Uda sheep randomly selected using jugular vein puncture and were analysed by the method o f cellulose acetate electrophoresis to reveal the Haemoglobin (HB) genetic types. Two co-dominant alleles (A and B) controlling three phenotypes (AA. AB and BB) were revealed by the cellulose strip in the sheep population. The frequencies o f allele A and B for Uda sheep were 0.10 and 0.90 while that for the Balami was 0.25 and 0.75 respectively