Scholarly works in Pharmaceutical Microbiology
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/394
Browse
4 results
Search Results
Item Evaluation of some selected non sterile pharmaceutical products for bacterial and fungi of clinical importance(Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 2022) Okunye, O. L.; Idowu, P. A.; Okanlawon, B. M.; Adejumo, O. E.; Coker, E. M.; Ayedun, J. S.; Osungunna, M. O.; Adeyemo, O. M.; Oyinloye, O. E.; Adeleke, O. E.This study investigated, identified, and quantified microbial contamination of 12 non-sterile pharmaceuticals products frequently made available to Akala Primary Health Care Centre Ibadan, for the possibility of detecting harmful and non-pathogenic microorganisms. Though sterility is not a requirement in official compendia for non-sterile pharmaceuticals, their bioburdens should not exceed the acceptable limit. The representative, syrups, tablets, capsules, and disinfectants from the dispensing unit were selected as guided by the conventional protocol for the study type. Bacteria and fungi of clinical potential were isolated and enumerated using standard microbiology procedures. Ten (10) of the twelve (12) non-sterile pharmaceutical products examined elicited microbial contamination beyond USP acceptable bio-burden standard. The isolates of bacteria identified comprised Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli elicited varied resistance to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and erythromycin but susceptible to augmentin, amoxicillin, cloxacillin, and chloramphenicol, while the Candida albicans fungi isolated, were susceptible to ketoconazole and fluconazole at every concentration exposed. The differences in means for CFU/mL and zones of inhibition among the microorganisms isolated were considered, data collected were analyzed using SPSS 15 and the graph was plotted using Graph Pad prism 8.1 Version 5 for Windows. Ten of the twelve (83%) of non-sterile pharmaceuticals products examined were presumably contaminated which could be an indication of improper handling, poor dispensing, poor repackaging, and or non-adherence to Good Manufacturing Practices. Therefore, training and educating the dispensers, as well as patients, on the proper handling and use of medicines to reduce or prevent microbial contamination are hereby advocated.Item A Study of microbial infestation of currency notes in circulation from selected handlers with specific professions in Sagamu community of Ogun State(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), 2022) Okunye, O. L.; Idowu, P. A.; Okanlawon, B. M.; Adejumo, O. E.; Alao, I. O.; Adeyemo, O. M.; Ayedun, J. S.Bacteria are ubiquitous and the ease of survival, adaptation and transmission of some nutritionally non-exacting species amongst the microbes had made it a force to be reckoned with. This study evaluated bacterial contaminants on selected naira denomination, officially recognized currency of transaction in circulations and determined the resistance of the isolates to conventional antibiotic in use. A total of 160 samples of currency notes 20 each of 8 existing denomination were collected from selected subjects of various professions for bacteriological examination and antibiogram determination with a view to identifying possible risk factors associated with these contaminated notes. Equal percentage of polymers to paper currency was collected, the microbial load was found to be higher in lower denominations irrespective of their polymer status. The total bacterial count per milliliter variedbetween 2.28x104 and 4.20x107. The ratios of percentage distributions of isolates;Staphylococcus aureus (36.8%), Escherichia coli (31.5%), Bacillus spp (3.7%) andPseudomonas aeruginosa (27.5%) and varied resistance to antibiotics used were recorded. The alarming resistance of bacterial of clinical status obtained from thisstudy to conventional antibiotics, serves an indication of potential threat of contaminated currency notes to the public health.Item Evaluation of some selected non sterile pharmaceutical products for bacterial and fungi of clinical importance.(Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 2022) Okunye, O. L.; Idowu, P. A.; Okanlawon, B. M.; Adejumo, O. E.; Coker, E. M.; Ayedun, J. S.; Osungunna, O. M.; Adeyemo, O. M.; Oladapo, O. E.; Adeleke, O. E.This study investigated, identified, and quantified microbial contamination of 12 non-sterile pharmaceuticals products frequently made available to Akala Primary Health Care Centre Ibadan, for the possibility of detecting harmful and non-pathogenic microorganisms. Though sterility is not a requirement in official compendia for non-sterile pharmaceuticals, their bio-burdens should not exceed the acceptable limit. The representative, syrups, tablets, capsules, and disinfectants from the dispensing unit were selected as guided by the conventional protocol for the study type. Bacteria and fungi of clinical potential were isolated and enumerated using standard microbiology procedures. Ten (10) of the twelve (12) non-sterile pharmaceutical products examined elicited microbial contamination beyond USP acceptable bio-burden standard. The isolates of bacteria identified comprised Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli elicited varied resistance to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and erythromycin but susceptible to augmentin, amoxicillin, cloxacillin, and chloramphenicol, while the Candida albicans fungi isolated, were susceptible to ketoconazole and fluconazole at every concentration exposed. The differences in means for CFU/mL and zones of inhibition among the microorganisms isolated were considered, data collected were analyzed using SPSS 15 and the graph was plotted using Graph Pad prism 8.1 Version 5 for Windows. Ten of the twelve (83%) of non-sterile pharmaceuticals products examined were presumably contaminated which could be an indication of improper handling, poor dispensing, poor repackaging, and or non-adherence to Good Manufacturing Practices. Therefore, training and educating the dispensers, as well as patients, on the proper handling and use of medicines to reduce or prevent microbial contamination are hereby advocated.Item A study of microbial infestation of currency notes in circulation from selected handlers with specific professions in Sagamu community of Ogun State.(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST), Burkina Faso, 2022) Okunye, O. L.; Idowu, P. A.; Okanlawon, B. M.; Adejumo, O. E.; Alao, I. O.; Adeyemo, O. M.Bacteria are ubiquitous and the ease of survival, adaptation and transmission of some nutritionally non-exacting species amongst the microbes had made it a force to be reckoned with. This study evaluated bacterial contaminants on selected naira denomination, officially recognized currency of transaction in circulations and determined the resistance of the isolates to conventional antibiotic in use. A total of 160 samples of currency notes 20 each of 8 existing denomination were collected from selected subjects of various professions for bacteriological examination and antibiogram determination with a view to identifying possible risk factors associated with these contaminated notes. Equal percentage of polymers to paper currency was collected, the microbial load was found to be higher in lower denominations irrespective of their polymer status. The total bacterial count per milliliter varied between 2.28x104 and 4.20x107 . The ratios of percentage distributions of isolates; Staphylococcus aureus (36.8%), Escherichia coli (31.5%), Bacillus spp (3.7%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (27.5%) and varied resistance to antibiotics used were recorded. The alarming resistance of bacterial of clinical status obtained from this study to conventional antibiotics, serves an indication of potential threat of contaminated currency notes to the public health.