Scholarly works in Pharmaceutical Microbiology

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/394

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Author: search.filters.author.Idowu, P. A.Subject: search.filters.subject.Antibacterial activity

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    Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of methanol extract and fractions of Entandrophragma angolense (Welw.) C.DC. (Meliaceae) leaves
    (Science Association of Nigeria, 2010) Idowu, P. A.; Adeniyi, B. A.; Moody, J. G.
    The antibacterial activity and brine-shrimp lethality (BSL) assay of methanol extracts of Entandrophragma angolense, used id treat gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) infections in South-Western Nigeria was investigated. The extract and chromatographic fractions were tested at 20 and 10 mg/mi respectively against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). Salmonella lyphi (clinical isolate), Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Escherichia coli (ATC 1C 25922) and Bacillus suhlilis (ATCC 6633) using agar-well diffusion method; Minimum 'Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) were determined by agar dilution method. Further, the extract was fractionated on siiic-a gel (70-230 mesh) using column chromatography. The diameter of zonr.s of inhibition were between) 5.0 - 30.5m m which was comparable with gentamicin (10pg/nil) used as ’’ control. The MIC was 80.0j.tg/ml on Staph, aurevs and 350pg/ml on Salmonella typhi. The more poUir fractions contained the antimicrobial com pouxr as the less polar fractions showed no antimicrobial activity as tested. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, reducing sugars and steroidal compounds. Brine shrimp lethality assay gave a value of 62.5f.ig/mJ. Therefore E. angoiense leaves contains antimicrobial agents and cytotoxic principles to justify its folkloric uses and pby (otherapeutio potentials in treating infections.
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    Antibacterial activity of methanolic extract of Garcinia kola (Heckel) seed and standard antibiotics
    (African Society for Clinical Microbiology, 2006) Adeleke, O. E.; Ojo, O. P.; Idowu, P. A.
    The methanolic extract of Garcinia kola (Heckel) seeds and eight standard antibiotics were tested in-vitro for comparative activity against 10 isolates of each of six bacterial species: Escherichia coff. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus albus. Streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, all from throat infections. The methanolic extract exerted activity against all the bacteria tested almost in similar manner as gentamicin. Of the remaining seven standard antibiotics, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and tetracycline showed activity against one organism or the other. Remarkably, augmentin, cloxaciilin and cotrimoxazole had no activity against any of the bacterial isolates. Amoxycillin was able to affect only 2 of die 8 isolates of Esch. coli. This has lent credence to the ethnopharmaceutical claims of the curative effect of raw-chewed Garcinia kola seeds on throat infections as well as highlighting the bacterial resistance to standard antibiotics, particularly, the ß-lactams.