scholarly works

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/394

Browse

Subject: search.filters.subject.MRSA

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Isolation of pathogenic strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from mobile phones in a tertiary institution in Ibadan, Nigeria
    (2022) Alabi, O. S.; Ayoola, O. O.; Odeyemi, J. S.; Oaikhena, A. O.
    The health implications of mobile phones emission have been a matter of concern to health practitioners for decades but little or no attention has been given to the mobile phones as potential fomites for pathogens. This study isolated and characterised methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) on mobile phones of students in a tertiary institution in Ibadan, Nigeria. One hundred swab samples were obtained from the surfaces of mobile phones of students in a cross-sectional study conducted between July and August, 2019. Presumptive staphylococci were isolated on mannitol salt agar and identities were confirmed by standard biochemical test and Gram-staining. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done by disc-diffusion method and mecA or mecALGA251, tsst-1, eta and etb genes screened by PCR technique. Among the 200 presumptive S. aureus isolated, 163 (81.5%) were confirmed as S. aureus exhibiting resistance to ofloxacin (1.8%), gentamicin (3.7%), ceftriaxone (29.4%), ceftazidime (57.7%), cefoxitin (61.3%), cefuroxime (64.4%), erythromycin (85.3%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (86.5%) and cloxacillin (92%). Proportion of MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) were 61.3% and 38.7% respectively with significant difference in their level of antibiotic resistance to the cephalosporins (excluding ceftriaxone), penicillins, erythromycin and ofloxacin (p<0.05). All the MRSA strains were multidrug resistant (MDR) harbouring mecA or mecALGA251 (56.3%), tsst-1 (56.3%), etb (31.3%) and eta (12.5%) genes. This study detected a high proportion of methicillin-resistant, virulent S. aureus as fomites on surfaces of mobile phones among students of a tertiary institution. This is of public health concern and thus requires strong public education to avoid imminent spread and outbreaks.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Detection of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producers from ready-to-eat roasted beef in Ibadan north, Nigeria.
    (2021) Alabi, O. S.; Obisesan, A. O.; Odumosu, B. T.
    Ready-to-eat roasted beef popularly called `Suya' in Nigeria is a highly nutritive food and hence, prone to microbial contamination when handled in an unhygienic manner by the vendors. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus have been reported in both community and hospital settings in Nigeria. This study investigated their occurrence as microbial contaminants in ready-to eat roasted beef in Ibadan North local government area (LGA) of Oyo state, Nigeria. Fifty (50) samples were purposively collected randomly in four different locations in Ibadan North LGA from 1st to 31st of November, 2019. Aerobic and coliform bacterial counts, isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were done using standard microbiological techniques. Phenotypically, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus was detected by cefoxitin-disc-diffusion and ESBL-producers by double-disc synergy. MecA/C and selected ESBL (TEM, SHV and CTX-M) genes were detected by PCR technique. The mean total aerobic and coliform bacterial counts ranged from 1.5 × 106 to 7.8 × 106 cfu/g and 0.8 × 102 to 1.3 × 103 cfu/g respectively. Thirty-eight (38) bacteria were isolated: Staphylococcus aureus (15.8%), Pseudomonas spp. (42.1%), Klebsiella spp. (36.8%) and Bacillus spp. (5.3%). Four (66.7%) of the Staphylococcus aureus were MecA mediated methicillin-resistant strains and 20 (66.7%) of the Gram-negatives were ESBL-producers with 9 (30%) harbouring TEM and SHV and 15 (50%) CTX-M genes. Occurrence of MRSA and ESBL-producers in ready-to-eat roasted beef in Ibadan north is of serious public health concern. Policy and Practice.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Prevalence of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus and resistance pattern of its clinical strains to beta-lactam antibiotics
    (2014-05) Ayeni, F. A.; Olatunji, D. F.||Ogunniran, M.
    Staphylococcus aureus is the leading overall cause otf nosocomial infections with increasing resistance to β lactam antibiotics. This study was carried out to study the current resistant/susceptibility pattern of S. aureus to β lactam antibiotics and prevalence of Methicillin Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in the studied population. Clinical isolates of S. aureus strains were collected from Medical Microbiology Unit of University College Hospital, Ibadan between May and October, 2012. The isolates were confirmed through growth on Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) and tube coagulase test. The susceptibility / resistance pattern of the S. aureus strains to antibiotics were tested by disc diffusion method. Fifty studied S. aureus strains were highly resistant to Amoxycillin (92%), Aztreonam (70%), but high susceptibility was observed to Imipenem (90%), Cefotaxime (62%), Ceftazidine (50%), Cefoxitin (66%), Ceftriazone (52%), Amoxycillin/Clavulanic acid (50%), S. aureus strains (42%) that were resistant to amoxicillin were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid while 34% of the studied S. aureus strains were MRSA. The relatively high prevalence of MRSA in the studied S. aureus strains call for surveillance studies and implementation policies in control of MRSA. Cephalosporins are still relatively effective for treatment of S. aureus infections. The observed synergy in this study between imipenem and aztreonam is an indication that combine therapy of imipenem and aztreonam will lead to enhanced antimicrobial activity of aztreonam.