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Enhanced electroscalpel incisional wound healing potential of honey in Wistar rats
(Elsevier, 2017) Eyarefe, D. O.; Kuforiji, D. I.; Jarikre, T. A.; Emikpe, B. O.
Electrosurgery reduces surgical bleeding, and delays wound healing. This study evaluates incisional wound healing potential of honey in wounds created with electroscalpel and cold scalpel. The study used twelve (12) adult male albino rats (130 ± 20 g), randomly grouped into Electro-cautery (n = 6) and Cold scalpel (n = 6). Each rat had three full thickness (6 mm diameter) skin wounds (a, b and c) created on its dorsum with either Electroscalpel (ES) or Cold blade scalpel (CS), and treated topically with Silver sulphadiazine (SSD, wound a), untreated (control, wound b) and Bee honey (H, wound c). The wounds were evaluated for gross (exudation, edema, hyperemia, contraction), histologic (granulation, angiogenesis, fibroplasia, epithelialization) and immunologic healing indices using standard techniques. Data were analyzed with Chi-square, Two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Duncan Multiple Range tests (DMRT) at a = 0.05. Wound hyperemia and edge edema were prominent in the ES group from day 4 to 6 (P = .000). Percentage wound contraction was higher in the CS than ES group from days 5 to 7 (P = .006) and in the CS treated with honey than ES treated with honey from days 7 to 14 (P = .000). Granulation tissue reduced in ES group treated with SSD than in honey and control wounds. Fibroelastic tissue increased in SSD and honey treated wounds of ES group, and higher in honey treated wounds of CS group (P < .05). Fibroplasia was sustained in honey and SSD treated wounds than control. Honey can be applied to electroscalpel surgical wound to facilitate rapid healing during surgical management of tumours having vascular network
Intersex piglet with bilobed urinary bladder in Kumasi, Ghana: a case report
(2017) Eyarefe, O. D.; Atawalna, J.; Emikpe, B. O.; Folitse, R.; Dei, D.; Duduyemi, B.; Okungbowa, S.; Okai, D.
This paper reports a case of a true intersex in a pig in Kumasi, Ghana. The diagnosis was based on gross and histomorphological assessment of the genital organs which consist of a left ovary, two uterine horns and body of uterus, along with a right testis without an epididymis. Vagina and vulva were also absent. A perineal scrotal pouch and a tubular tract connection with an intra-abdominal urinary bladder conducting urine through a miniature paraphimotic sigmoid shaped penis were observed. A rectal prolapse was consequent to rectal compression by the inadequately voided urinary bladder. Gonadal hormonal profiles were analysed and compared in the true intersex and those of the males and female siblings using standard techniques. The embryologic, reproductive, and swine production cost implications of intersex were discussed
Pathological and immunohistochemical evaluation of wound healing potential of Nigerian bee propolis in albino rats
(Springer-Verlag London, 2018) Eyarefe, O. D.; Ozota, C. A.; Jarikre, T. A.; Emikpe, B. O.
This study evaluated the efficacy of the Nigerian bee propolis as a wound healing agent, on full thickness skin wounds of healthy adult male (150.0 ± 0.5 g) albino rats randomly divided into three treated groups (propolis extract (PE), propylene glycol (PG), silver sulfadiazine) and an untreated group. Each rat had three circular full thickness skin wounds created on the cranial, middle, and caudal surface of the rat’s dorsum. The wounds in each group were topically treated with bee propolis extract (PE, 0.1 ml), propylene glycol (PG, 0.1 ml) and silver sulfadiazine (SS, 0.1 ml) twice daily for 21 days, except the untreated group (UT). The wounds were evaluated for gross (exudation, edema, hyperemia, wound contraction), histologic (granulation, angiogenesis, fibroplasia, epithelialization), and expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) using standard techniques. Data was descriptively summarized as percentages, mean and analyzed using Chi-square and analysis of variance at α = 0.05.Wound edge edema (WEE), hyperemia, and exudation were prominent in all the groups between days 0–2.WEE was significantly less on day 3 in the PE (14%) and SS (14%) groups, compared with the PG (35%) and UT (66%) groups. Wounds treated with PG and UT were significantly more hyperemic than those with PE and SS. Wound contraction was significantly less on day 2 in the UT wounds when compared to the treated wounds (PE = 12.63%, SS = 2.22%, PG = 4.94%, and UT = − 2.82%). The wound contraction was remarkable between days 4–8 in the PE- and SS-treated wounds (PE > SS > PG > UT). The microscopic changes at days 4, 8, 12, 16, and 21 showed significant evidence of epithelial proliferation, improved angiogenesis, granulation, and fibrous connective tissue in the PE- and SS-treated rats compared with the negative controls. The inflammatory response showed that the PE group had the highest amount of macrophages and leucocytes on day 4 with the trend being PE > SS > PG > UT. Neutrophils regressed in the treated wounds on day 8 but were consistently high in the untreated group from days 4–16. The immunohistochemical evaluation showed that the intensity of EGF was consistently high in the SS- and PE-treated wounds. Nigerian bee propolis extract accelerated wound healing similar to that of silver sulfadiazine based on wound healing indices and is therefore recommended for the management of wounds especially in low-income communities where propolis is available and affordable

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