DEPARTMENT OF SPECIAL EDUCATION
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Item Audiological tinnitus management: an essential audiological protocol for elderly patients with comorbidity of hypertension and tinnitus(IntechOpen, London, United Kingdom, 2019) Osisanya, A.Elderly population with comorbidity of hypertension and tinnitus is increasing across the world, and the dilemma in the management of such elderly patients across the neurology and audiology/otology clinics seems enormous due to the attendant effects of such health-related comorbid conditions and ageing. This has been observed to have negative effect on the general well-being of quite a number of the elderly patients identified with the comorbid health conditions. It has also increased the tinnitus severity and related psychosocial reactions of the elderly patients. Worse still, the situation causes undulating increase in the prevalence of the comorbid condition of advanced age both male and female irrespective of cultural differences. Due to the aforementioned, this chapter is written with the aim of highlighting the efficacy of audiological tinnitus management options considered essential in the rehabilitation of individuals with comorbidity of hypertension and tinnitus. The chapter also discusses the benefits of combined therapies in rehabilitating elderly patients with comorbidity of hypertension and tinnitus and concluded with some useful recommendations for effective management of the comorbid condition.Item Audiological tinnitus management: an essential audiological protocol for elderly patients with comorbidity of hypertension and tinnitus(IntechOpen, London, United Kingdom, 2019) Osisanya, A.Elderly population with comorbidity of hypertension and tinnitus is increasing across the world, and the dilemma in the management of such elderly patients across the neurology and audiology/otology clinics seems enormous due to the attendant effects of such health-related comorbid conditions and ageing. This has been observed to have negative effect on the general well-being of quite a number of the elderly patients identified with the comorbid health conditions. It has also increased the tinnitus severity and related psychosocial reactions of the elderly patients. Worse still, the situation causes undulating increase in the prevalence of the comorbid condition of advanced age both male and female irrespective of cultural differences. Due to the aforementioned, this chapter is written with the aim of highlighting the efficacy of audiological tinnitus management options considered essential in the rehabilitation of individuals with comorbidity of hypertension and tinnitus. The chapter also discusses the benefits of combined therapies in rehabilitating elderly patients with comorbidity of hypertension and tinnitus and concluded with some useful recommendations for effective management of the comorbid condition.Item Determination of prevalence, risk factors and patterns of hearing loss among the elderly with hypertension in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria(Nigerian School Health Association, 2019-06) Okonkwo, P. E.; Osisanya, A.Reduced hearing sensitivity among the elderly has been attributed to some risk factors and influence of age-related degenerative conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease, bipolar disorder and hypertension. Hearing loss, especially the age-related type (presbycusis), has been reported as one of the global burdens affecting the general well-being and quality of life of the elderly with hypertension. Thus, hearing loss has been observed to be associated with hypertension and functional decline in elderly, as this condition makes them experience poor communication, fatigue, reduced social functions, mood -swing and withdrawal syndrome. Emerging research outcomes indicate a strong relationship between hypertension and reduced auditory performance among the elderly. Therefore, this study determined the prevalence, types and patterns of hearing loss associated with hypertension, in a bid to suggest comprehensive management strategies and a model of creating awareness towards promoting good healthy living among the elderly in Nigeria. One hundred and seventy two elderly, aged 65 - 85 with hypertension were purposively selected from patients undergoing treatment for hypertension in some tertiary hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria for the study. Participants were subjected to Pure-Tone Audiometry (PTA) through the use of Maico 53 Diagnostic Audiometer to determine the degrees, types and patterns of hearing loss among the elderly with hypertension. Results showed that 148 (86.05%) elderly patients with hypertension presented with different degrees, types and patterns of hearing loss. Out of this number, 123 (83.1%) presented with bilateral hearing loss, while 25 (16.89%) had unilateral hearing loss. Degree of hearing loss, 74 moderate hearing loss, 118 moderately severe and 50 severe hearing loss. 36% of the hearing loss appeared as flat audiometric configuration, 24% were slopping, 19. 0 % were rising, while 21% were tough-shaped audiometric configurations. The findings showed high prevalence of hearing loss among the elderly with hypertension in Ibadan, Nigeria. Based on the findings, management of the elderly with hypertension should include regular audiological rehabilitation and total adherence to hearing conservation principles, otological management, regulation of blood pressure and adequate counselling and follow-up services.Item Classification of hearing status and health- related quality of life of elderly people with presbycusis in South-West, Nigeria(Gabesther Educational Publishers, 2017-06) Osisanya, A."This study investigated the prevalence of the condition, and health-related quality of life of the elderly with presbycusis. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 146 participants from four (4) south western states in Nigeria. The study was carried out, using Pure-tone audiometric test (PTA) to determine the prevalence and classification of the condition, while HHIE and MOS SF-36 scales were employed to investigate the perceived hearing communication specific problems and health-related quality of life of the participants. Data were analysed, using frequency counts and percentages. The findings reveal that presbycusis is a common disabling condition among the elderly (83.4%), and not peculiar to any gender (M=85.3%; F=80.8%). Also, the findings establish high level of socioemotional adjustment problems, poor social relationships and withdrawal syndrome, feelings of depression and loneliness, reduced daily living functions, poor general well- being and reduced quality of life among the elderly assessed. Therefore, it was recommended that detection and management of presbycusis and associated conditions be done early, while concerted efforts should be by all the stakeholders towards the prevention of presbycusis through comprehensive hearing conservation strategies and promotion of improved quality of life of the elderly in the country"Item Evaluation of auditory performance of the aged on speech discrimination skills in south-west, Nigeria(Department of Educational Foundations and Counselling, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 2014-10) Osisanya, A.As age increases, word recognition and speech discrimination ability systematically decreases, in relation to decline along the auditory systems leading to a reduction in the ability to perceive high pitched sounds and discriminate speech correctly. Thus, this study evaluated the performance of two categories of aged on speech discrimination skills. The study was carried out through Pure- Tone Audiometric Test (PTA) and Speech Discrimination Test (SDT) based on phonetically balanced words. Two hundred and forty (240) aged comprising two groups of one hundred and twenty (120) each of rural and urban dwellers were selected using purposive sampling technique. With the aid of independent t-test statistics at 0.05 level of significance, the findings revealed a significant difference in the hearing sensitivity between the aged in rural and urban areas across the pure-tone audiometric tested frequencies (t.cal = 4.20; P < 0.05). The aged in urban area had a significantly better performance on the speech. discrimination test than their counterparts in rural area (t.cal. = 3.78; P < 0.05). The study found no significant difference in the performance of the two groups on speech discrimination test in line with their gender make-up (t.cal. = 0.57; P> 0.05). Based on the findings, the study establishes that the two categories of aged demonstrated poor speech discrimination abilities as a result of their reduced hearing efficiency as a consequence of ageing. Recommendations were therefore made to the aged and their family, society, rehabilitation experts (support services) and government on the need to sharpen the aged verball non-verbal and interpersonal oral communication abilities as well as to curtail the explosion of hearing disability as a result of ageing in Nigeria.Item Attendant psycho-social hearing reactions of the elderly with presbycusis in rural and urban areas of South-West Nigeria(Department of Special Education, University of Ibadan, 2013) Osisanya, A.This study investigated the psycho-social hearing reactions of the elderly with experience of age-related hearing loss in Lagos, Oyo, and Ogun states of Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. Two hundred and forty participants were selected through Multi-stage sampling technique from both the rural and urban areas of the three states sampled. Age-related Hearing loss Reaction Scale (A-RHLS, r= 0.85) was used as instrument for data collection. Three null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance, and data were analysed using Chi-square. The findings revealed that 178 (74.2%) of the participants exhibited negative psycho-social hearing reactions as against 92 (25.8%) who manifested positive psycho-social hearing reactions. The females from the rural areas showed positive psycho-social hearing reactions, compared to their counterparts from urban areas. The study thus confirms a trend of psychosocial hearing reactions among the elderly in Nigeria. The study recommends that elderly individuals with hearing loss be audiologically evaluated and rehabilitated holistically, as this will help them to develop an enduring socioemotional coping strategies even as their hearing ability degenerates with increase in age.