Wildlife & Fisheries management

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Start date: 2000End date: 2009

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    Wildlife-human interface: a case study of Yankari national park Bauchi State, Nigeria
    (2003) Akinyemi, A. F.; Ayodele, I. A.
    Most of the serious problems facing protected areas in Africa today has a human component. Among the more common problems are human encroachment, unauthorized harvesting of resources, and the conflict between wildlife managers and local people. The study illustrates the major wild Animals, agricultural and livestock pest in the study area and the attitudes of the farmers/villagers to wild animal species. A land-use planning system that incorporate a floating zoning system which ultimately merge with a permanent zoning system with range of vegetation such as multipurpose trees and shrubs (MPTS) around the park will allow traditional grazing and avoid conflict with local people.
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    Prospect of conflict resolution between farmers and nomadic fulanis in Kainji lake national park
    (2003) Akinyemi, A.F.
    The study analysed the activities of Nomadic Fulanis in four villages; Banibafu, Mazakuka, Faje and Kere located within the buffer zone of the Kainji Lake National Park. The data was obtained by the administration of questionnaires and personal interviews with farmers, nomadic Fulanis and Park guards. The study clearly identified the routes of nomadic herdsmen from Kebbi to Oyo States and the need for a pasture corridor in other to ensure harmony between all the stakeholders. The nature of the property-rights regime under which the pasture was held was also found to provide sufficient basis for drawing valid conclusions concerning users behaviour, as well as, the consequence of such uses.
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    Game production and utilization
    (Andrian Publication Series, 2002) Faturoti, E. O.; Akinyemi, A. F.
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    Hormonal and haematological responses of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) to nitrite toxicity
    (Medwell Journals, 2007) Ajani, F.; Olukunle, O. A.; Agbede, S. A.
    Study on hormonal and haematological responses of Clarias gariepinus to nitrite toxicity was carried out to know the magnitude of the effects of this stressor on fish physiology. Haematological responses of C. gariepinus to sub-lethal levels of nitrite (0.1 g L-1) at different exposure h (0, 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h) were carried out. Blood samples of C. gariepinus were collected at each exposure h and evaluated for primary and secondary stress indicators. Data obtained were subjected to simple descriptive analysis, analysis of variance and Pearson Product Moment correlation analysis. When exposed to nitrite, there was progressive increase in plasma cortisol level of C. gariepinus from 0 h (101.00± 0.10 ng dL-1) to 48 h (161.00± 1.20 ng dL-1), this later decreased at 72 h (107.00±1.60 ng dL-1), it increased in 96 h to 136.00±1.00 ng dL-1. PCV and Hb were elevated after 6 h of exposure and decreased significantly (p<0.05) at 48, 72 and 96 h of exposure in fish exposed to sub-lethal level of nitrite. From the value of 3.69±0.01 106/l recorded at 0 h, RBC level decreased significantly (p<0.05) at 6 h, this was followed by significant increase (p<0.05) at 24 h. The RBC value later decreased gradually to 2.20±0.56 106 L-1 at 96 h. The study shows that hormonal and haematology balances of C. gariepinus was affected on short term exposure to nitrite toxicity.
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    Growth performance and nutrient utilization of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) fry fed processed sweet potatoe(Ipomea batata)
    (2007) Olukunle, O.; Odebode, S.; Taiwo, V. O.
    Maize is an expensive energy source for feedstuff in fish management especially during the off-season, hence the need to source and utilize other cheaper and non-conventional energy sources. This study investigated the growth performance of Clarias gariepinus fry fed processed sweet potato meal as an energy source and its effect on the hematological values. Three experimental diets were compounded such that maize was 100% energy source in Diet 1 (Control). In diets 2 and 3, maize was replaced with sweet potatoes tuber (SPT) and sweet potato peel (SPP), respectively at 25% inclusion level. The diets were fed at 5% body weight to the C. gariepinus fry (0.21 ±0.03) in polystyrene net cages suspended in 3 concrete tanks (2x3x1.2)m3 for 42 days in triplicates. Growth, nutrient utilization and hematological parameters were measured. The Mean Weight Gain (MWG) of the fry fed the maize based diet (1.96) was significantly higher (p<0.05) than the fry fed SPT (1.37) and SPP (1.27) respectively. The MWG of fry fed diets 2 and 3 were not significantly different from each other. The FCR of the control and the SPT based diets were not significantly different from each other but both were significantly different (p<0.05) from fish fed the SPP diet. The Growth Efficiency Feed Conversion (GEFC) values of the 3 diets (0.50, 0.51, and 0.40) respectively are not significantly different from each other. However, the PER and the survival rates were significantly better in fry fed the SPT based diet (0.51: 95%) than in fry fed the maize based diet (0.50: 92%) and the SPP based diet(0.40: 82%) respectively. The haemotology results showed that the fry fed the control diet had the lowest MCV and WBC counts while the fry fed SP based diets manifested moderately severe normocyctic normochromic anemia and leucocytosis, which means that the maize diet showed better hematological indices. This study showed that SP based diets have potential as substitute for maize. Maize based diet and especially the SPT, have similar FCR, dietary energy, GEFC values.
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    Growth changes associated with feeding Clarias gariepinus with mouldy feeds
    (TAPAS Institute of Scienctific Research and Development, 2007) Aworh, M. K. F.; Alaka, O. O; Olukunle, O.; Olabode, H. O. K.
    This study was undertaken to determine the effects of consumption of mouldy feeds on the growth of the African catfish CIarias gariepinus. Forty-five juvenile fishes were maintained on mouldy feed ration while another forty-five served as controls. The control fishes remained healthy and steadily gained weight, reaching about 68% of their starting weight on the last day of the feeding trial. The test fishes in all the groups showed a significant decrease in weight gain comparable to the control fishes by the 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test at 95% confidence interval (p<0.05). The study showed that feeding mouldy rations to Clarias gariepinus would result in decrease weight gain. This could be associated with the fact that many fungi elaborate mycotoxins and potent anti nutritional factors. Wholesome, dry and freshly compounded rations is advocated for intensively managed fishes.
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    Recent developments on non-conventional fish culture media in Nigeria
    (Faculty of Agricuture and Forestry, University of Ibadan., 2007) Olukunle, O. A.
    Isolated successes have been recorded in fish farming in some African countries with observable potentials in Nigerian marine waters. In Nigeria, aquaculture is a recent development and it has been practiced in conventional cultural media which are land borne while non-conventional ones are mainly using the conventional culutre media. The fish farms constructed in the 1950's were constructed in isolated and far away from home locations hence, theft was rampant in these poverty stricken localities. Cultural land acquisition practices entrenched in the society also makes it difficult for non- indigenes, the youths and the poor who are interested in fish farming to acquire land for their fish culture projects. The acquisition of technical know- how requires the full and consistent support of government and financial institutions for bridging the deficiency between the supply and the demand of fish in the country. Both convectional and non-conventional culture media struggle with such constraints as in availiability of good feeds. Inadequate quantity and quality supply of fingerlings to stock the media and largely the under utilization of availabe water resources in Nigeria. Several countries in Asia and other parts of Africa have succeeded in improving the fish production and protein intake of their populations through the utilization of cheaper non-conventional culture media like the homestead pond, pens and cages. Nigeria can also do the same if the challenges and constraints highlighted are tackled.
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    Nutritive potential of sweet potatoes peel meal and root replacement value for maize in diets of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) advanced fry
    (Scientific Research Public Company, 2006) Olukunle, O.
    This study was carried out to evaluate the potential of Sweet Potato Peel (SPP) meal as a cheaper replacement for maize in the diet of Clarias gariepinus. Triplicate groups of 20 fish per plastic tank with average weight of 0.64±0.1 g per fish were fed four (4) diets, which were formulated to contain graded levels of sweet potato peel meal replacing 0, 25, 50 and 75 % of maize. The feeding trial lasted 6 weeks. The results showed that the diets did not significantly (p<0.05) affect fish performance within the treatments. Percentage Weight Gain (PWG) was 101.54% in fish fed with the control diet (0% sweet potato peel meal). The highest (PWG) of 150.77% was recorded in fish fed diets containing 25% sweet potato peel meal followed by a consistent decrease in PWG with increasing inclusion of sweet potato peels meal. However, diets containing 25, 50 and 75% SPP meal performed better than the control experiment with PWG of 150.77, 132.31 and 127.6%, respectively. The highest Feed Conversion Efficiency (FCE) was observed in the diet containing 25% SPP meal. A steady decrease in FCE was observed with increasing inclusion of SPP meal at 50 and 75%. Meanwhile, all the diets with SPP meal inclusion performed better than the control diet containing 0% SPP. The data indicated that Clarias gariepinus effectively tolerated diets containing sweet potato peel meal at low levels of concentration while fish growth performance and utilization decreased with increase in the sweet potato peel meal inclusion. The SPP meal based diets were cheaper than the control diet. The consequent better FCE and PWG of fish fed SPP diets showed that cost can be reduced while maintaining a high yield.