Nursing
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Item Effects of educational intervention on women’s knowledge and uptake of cervical cancer screening in selected hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria(Taylor & Francis, 2017) Ndikom, C. M.; Ofi, B. A.; Omokhodion, F. O.; Adedokun, B. O.This study evaluated the effects of an educational intervention (El) on women's knowledge and uptake of cervical cancer screening (CCS) services. A quasi-experimental study, conducted in the antenatal clinics of eight hospitals in Ibadan, Nigeria. The hospitals were randomly clustered into four in intervention group (IG) and four in control group (CG), and 846 women were selected in the two groups using Systematic random sampling at baseline and post-intervention (PI). Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The women in the IG received educational intervention provided by hospital nurses who were exposed to an educational programme previously. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and x2 at p <0.05. The mean age for women was 28 years ±5.8. The respondents' awareness of CC at baseline was IG: 12.9% and CG: 18.2% but this increased to 71.5% in IG and 22.1% in CG with net intervention effect (NIE) of 54.7% (p <0.0001), knowledge of the causative organism (NIE <37%, p < 0.0001), sexual intercourse as mode of transmission (NIE 53.7%, p<0.001). Screening for early detection of cervical cancer (NIE 75.6%, p < 0.001), awareness of where to receive screening (NIE 64.1%, p < 0.001). There was only a very slight increase in uptake of CCS from 1.4% at baseline to 3.6% in the IG and 2.1 to 2.3% in the CG. Over, 53.5% said unavailability of services was a major hindrance to their screening uptake. Cervical cancer screening knowledge improved in the intervention group but uptake only improved slightly with the intervention. Educational intervention is a useful tool for improving knowledge of Cervical Cancer Screening.Item Pre-Screening Counseling in Cervical Cancer Prevention: Implication for Nursing(Academic Journals, 2011) Ndikom, C. M.; Ofi, B. A.Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide, with an estimated 529,409 new cases and 274,883 deaths in 2008, about 86% of the cases occur in developing countries, representing 13% of female cancers (IARC, GLOBOCAN, 2008). All sexually active women are at risk for the development of this disease and it is one of the leading causes of death for middle-aged women in the developing world. It is almost completely preventable, if precancerous lesions are identified and treated early (Carr and Sellors, 2004; Ayinde and Omigbodun, 2003). Uptake of screening services has remained low. Pre-screening counseling (PSC) could help increase compliance with screening schedule. Various studies identified ignorance/lack of knowledge, inappropriate/cultural beliefs about the illness; apprehension, etc., as barriers to utilization of screening services (Gharoro and Ikeanyi, 2006; Mutyaba et al., 2007). Also, a positive correlation between Pap test awareness and utilization was reported by Gharoro and Ikeanyi (2006). Pre-screening counseling is very important in order to achieve the purpose of screening. counseling is a two-way dialogue that enables a woman gain knowledge and improve her ability to make informed choice about type of screening procedure she will undertake, being fully aware of the risks and benefits of such. This was explained using the theory of planned behaviour. The nurse/midwife should be well versed in cervical cancer natural history, prevention and management in order to counsel effectively. She should also avail herself of every opportunity to counsel and inform women about cervical cancer.