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Item PHONOTACTICS OF AUTISTIC CHILDREN IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA(2023-08) ABE, E.EPhonotactics, which accounts for sound patterning, is affected by language regression in children with autism. Existing linguistic studies on autism in Nigeria focused mainly on general description of the disorder and developmental challenges. However, little attention was devoted to systematic description of their phonological patterns. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the speech production of autistic children in Lagos State, Nigeria, with a view to describing the phonological processes involved in the production of phonemes and syllables and the constraint ranking responsible for them. Alan Prince and Paul Smolensky’s Optimality Theory served as the framework, while the descriptive design was adopted. The convenience sampling technique was employed to select four special-needs facilities in three local government areas (Amuwo-odofin, Badagry, and Ikeja) of Lagos State. Availability of and accessibility to relevant data necessitated the selection of the facilities. Twenty-four children with autism under the age of 17 years (Amuwo-odofin: 17, Badagry: 2, and Ikeja: 5) accessing the facilities were purposively selected. Speeches of the participants were audio-recorded twice a week for two years. The data were subjected to phonological and acoustic analyses. Three phonological processes were dominant: deletion, substitution and epenthesis. Vowels were generally modified. Deletion was dominant in the rendition of consonants, with the lateral sound /l/ mostly affected. Substitution and epenthesis affected mainly vowels. Central vowels /ᴧ, ɜ, ə/ were strengthened and /ɔ/, /e/, /æ/ were used for each, respectively. Epenthesis was prominent in the realisation of vocalic phonemes, with /ɪ/ and /ə/ substituted as /i:/ and /æ/, respectively. It was also dominant in the articulation of triphthongs /eɪə/ and /ɔɪə/. Monophthongs were either retained or substituted with long or strong vowels. Diphthongs were monophthongised or substituted with stronger versions. Triphthongs were either substituted with diphthongs or epenthesised with an intrusive /j/, creating disyllabic sounds. With regard to syllables, simple onsets were produced comfortably more than complex onsets, while both simple and complex codas were deleted, reduced or produced with great difficulty. Constraint ranking favoured markedness over faithfulness. The constraints responsible for vowels were *SCHWA, NOCODA, NODIPH and *HIATUS. *COMPLEX ONSET and *COMPLEX CODA were the markedness constraints accountable for the simplified outcome of complex onsets, complex codas, open and closed syllables. *HIATUS was ranked above MAX-V for the emergence of minimum syllables. Consonant clusters, especially at coda positions, were reduced or rendered open, as *COMPLEX CODA was preferred above MAX. There were inconsistencies in the intensity values. The values were either abnormally high (73.94dB) or low (52. 89dB). Against a threshold of 63.42dB, their pitch values were either extremely high or low. The phonotactics of autistic children in Lagos State, Nigeria is characterised by simplification of difficult phonemes and syllables through deployment of deletion, substitution and epenthesis. Therefore, multidisciplinary therapists should be employed to improve the treatment and rehabilitation of autistic children.Item Double wounds: ecologies of trauma in Kivoshi Shigematsu’s “to next spring- Obon” and Osahon Ize- lyamu’s “more sea than tar”(2021) Ajibola, O.Literature across cultures and nationalities has often taken a significant stance with ecoadvocacy. This study examines two short stories’ representation of cultural trauma exacerbated by the despoliation of the environment. Japanese Kivoshi Shigematsu’s “To Next Spring-Obon” and Nigerian Osahon Ize-Iyamu’s “More Sea Than Tar”, are chosen for their thematic convergence and topicality. Both stories are comparatively engaged through the trauma theory and ecocriticism, to investigate the stories’ recreation of personal as well as collective suffering tangled up with the larger tragedies occasioned by industrialization, modernity and most of all, environmental crises. The texts depict the environment and man as subjects that occupy oscillating positions between perpetrator and victim. The activities of man wound the environment and the environment responds by afflicting man, thereby causing traumatic disruptions that affect not just the present but the past and the future. In both texts, nature is a tower and a threat and man, a culprit cum casualty. In the aftermath of ecological catastrophes - the 3/11 in Shigematsu’s “To Next Spring- Obon” and a fictional tsunami in Ize-Iyamu’s “More Sea Than Tar”, man suffers spiritual and social degeneration, whose scars both stories serve to bear witness to.Item The Defiance of Postproverbials in 9ice and Asa’s Petepete(Journal of the English Language Teachers Association of Nigeria, JELTAN, 2022) Aguoru, D.Proverbs are the origin of postproverbial, albeit there is a purposeful misinterpretation of their meaning as time goes on and humour develops. The Yoruba communication system relies heavily on proverbs, which are an integral aspect of postproverbial meanings. When it is culturally appropriate, proverbs are frequently employed by adults, while younger people are expected to speak modestly and refrain from using proverbs when speaking with seniors. The created postproverbials, which are well-liked and employed by people of all ages and are utilised without any set rules, are used as "catchphrases" to lampoon events or establish meaning in circumstances, particularly among individuals who have a common experience. The postproverbials in Petepete lyrics, are examined in relation to the neo-Yoruba experience. Purposive random sampling is engaged in the selection of the lyrics being part of the qualitative research approach employed. The proverbs in Petepete are employed as prefixes to their postproverbial forms, causing the original proverbs to be remixed in communication systems, in language use and new media such as in memes and gifs. The deviation agreement in the Yoruba communication system's postproverbial comprehension is the concern of this paper.Item Bridging the gap between the sciences and the humanities in nigeria: literature and the wale okediran example(2022) Aguoru, D.The dichotomy between the sciences and the humanities has continued to be a concern, particularly in the 21st Century. However, conscious and consistent efforts are being made globally at bridging the gap through the promotion of interaction and multidisciplinary approach to issues. Contemporary studies on these have not only engaged from diverse theoretical positions but have made specific interventions in reconstructing the link that will synergise both in the new world order. This study juxtaposes these realities vis -a-vis the purpose and significance of the sciences and the humanities as separate enterprises, and when melded together as a single enterprise. Taking bearing from the medical practices of Sigmund Freud, his interpretations and diagnostic approach to literature; this paper examines the professional experience of Wale Okediran and his literary writings. Okediran, a Nigerian physician, writer and politician, through his work, social and political interaction further ennobles the fusion of the sciences and the humanities in being able to conscientise and positively influence his society.Item Dreams as reinforcing stimulus in emily jane bronte’s gothic romance(Ife Centre for Psychological Studies, Nigeria, 2022) Aguoru, D.Dreams and interpretation of dreams are elements that have been subjected to psychological, neuroscientific and religious examination. Dreaming, a common experience, is shared by mankind irrespective of race, gender or social indices and has been identified even in species amongst mammals. This study is concerned with the significance of dreams as reinforcing stimuli in literary texts. It explores the category of dreams that are yet to be dreamt but are explored as reinforcing stimuli in Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights. These dreams which are mental creations of creative writers are attributed to characters invented for the purpose o f a story or a narrative technique. Brontes engagement of the dream concept and dream interpretation in constructing the plot, the structure and characterisation in Wuthering Heights is also a concern of this paper. It is observed that they embody dominant literary and archetypal elements with universal appeal. Dream visions in Emily Bronte's gothic romance portray hidden psychological and emotional patterns of individuals which recur while dreaming. Taking bearingfrom Freudian perspectives, dream analysis in literary texts reveals depths of buried memories in a manner that they can be explicated.Item Portrayal of traditional psychotherapeutic context in j. p. clark's song of a goat(The National Association for the Study of Religions and Education (NASRED), Nigeria., 2022) Aguoru, D.Traditional medicine, in its rea context, is the totality o f the ancient manner and means o f restoring, preserving and protecting health. The objective is to sustain practices t at promote the wellbeing o f the people particularly, before the advent o f modem medicine . The approaches to the sustenance o f health as a social welfare paclcage for peoples are adapted from and to traditiona, religious beliefs and values o f each community, which are generationally transferred. Traditional medicine offers diverse areas o f specialisation which include herbal medicine, midwifery, and treatment o f infertility, mental healing and somatic therapy. This paper therefore unjacks the traditional psychotherapeutic context portrayed in J.P Clark's Song o f a Goat. Through descriptive qualitative research design and instrumentalities o f combination o f both traditional psychotherapy and behaviour therapy, the paper underscores the roles a traditional psychother pist plays among the Urhobo and Izon peoples ofN iger Delta, on family matters and the responses o f the clients portrayed under psycho-social a id cultural contexts. These foreground existing psychotherapeutic forms, peculiarly the systemic which comprises of: counselling psychology, marriage and family therapy and body psychotherapy: exercise, massage and sexuality. The symptoms portrayed in the cases examined in this study, chiefly on family therapeutic discourse, further reinforce the reality o f the diagnosis of disorders; defences and outrage ii particular and it’s rippling effectItem National Character and the Narrative of Self-Image in Mandela’s Long Walk to Freedom and Obasanjo’s My Watch.(2022) Aguoru, D.Building on the view of biographical writing as a cultural practice and expression, this article adopts identity and narrative theories to discuss the interconnection between national character and identity construction in political autobiographies. It used Mandela’s Long Walk to Freedom [LWF] (1994) and Obasanjo’s My Watch [MW] (2014) as primary texts. It identifies prejudice against black South Africans as the national character in LWF and postcolonial political disillusionment in Nigeria as that of MW. It further demonstrates how the personalities of Mandela and Obasanjo are rooted in role-based identity and the respective saliences that activate this identity type. Additionally, it discusses the modes of narration in the two texts. The article concludes that national character is a socio-cultural and psychological indicator that influences identity construction in political autobiographies.Item From Alarm jo to Oniduro: Stand-up Comedy as a Neo-Cultural Expression in Nigeria(2022) Aguoru, D.Comedy (Awada), a treasured genre among the itinerant (Alarinjo) theatre of the Yoruba, has become a dominant influence on diverse performances in Nigeria. Indeed, it could be argued that contemporary Nigerian stand-up comedy has been largely influenced by the indigenous Alarinjo tradition of the Yoruba, which harks back to the turn of the 21st century. Building on Alarinjo as a dominant precursor, the Nigerian stand-up comedy platform, in the last two decades has integrated ethnic, linguistic and religious affiliations to become a bastion of recreation transcending the boundaries of the nation-state. Phenomenal though it has been, researchers have hardly traced Nigerian stand-up comedy from its Alarinjo antecedents, it being a dominant source and influence, to its eclectic contemporary state. Therefore, this study, through a neo-cultural lens, examines the development from Awada/Alarinjo to Stand-up comedy in Nigeria; with a view to providing a credible understanding of the origin, influences, trends, motifs and forms of the fledgling industry. While acknowledging the complexities inherent in empiricism and positivism, the paper charts a genealogical argument for Nigerian stand-up comedy beginning with the performances of unnamed palace satiric entertainers which are traceable to almost every ethnic group in Nigeria, the diverse comic performances inherent in mask dramaturgy, through the Alc-ritualizcd’ itinerant troupes among the Yoruba. It connects this with the professional travelling theatre of the Ogunde Tradition that brought the traditional theatres of Nigeria, the art of Moses Olaiya, and Gbenga Adeboye, the precursor of Yoruba and indeed contemporary stand-up comedy in Nigeria into limelight. Linking these with aspects of the art of Alii Baba, Gbenga Adeyinka I, Julius Agwu, Basket Mouth, Gandoki, De Don Klint de Drunk and Mohammed Danjuma among others, stand-up comedy-as a contemporary art- is purposively interrogated. Thus, the paper chronicles the sociological, literary and multicultural metamorphosis of this theatrical and comical form.Item Retrieving, Translating, and Archiving Hubert Ogunde’s Aye(2022) Aguoru, D.As the rapid evolution into a globalised community progresses, translation across languages becomes a major tool of cross cultural and transnational negotiation. This study is conceived more as a translation of the libretto of Hubert Ogunde’s Ay for archival and literary purposes. This is with the understanding that as the contemporary world continues to move centripetally towards globalisation, translation across languages becomes more important than ever. The significance of Hubert Ogunde’s works as precursor to the Nigerian Operatic Alarinjo (Travelling) theatre can only be preserved in translated forms that makes the performance texts retrievable. This paper is divided into four parts : an introduction to the opera of the Alarinjo School,a synopsis of the opera, an inclusion of a picture of the translator with Hubert Ogunde’s statue standing before the drum he played in his life time, a sequential arrangement of the full music of the opera as produced by Hubert Ogunde in his earliest performance of the opera on stage and the translation of the full music of the opera by this author - Adedoyin Aguoru.Hubert Ogunde’s theory, art and performance defined the earliest professional theatrical movement in Nigeria. The preservation of this national theatrical form through translations and storing it in a retrievable format will enhance the preservation of this national treasure.Item The Archetypal Grandfather and Intergenerational Influences in Soyinka's Bio-Narratives Strictures for Nigeria's Identity Related Issues A(Lexington Books, 2022) Aguoru, D.
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