FACULTY OF DENTISTRY
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Item Resident doctors’ perception and practice of resin-bonded bridges(2019) Abiodun-Solanke, I.M.F.; Ajayi, D.M.; A Egbe, ABackground: Resin bonded bridges (RBB) was introduced as an alternative to conventional bridges for tooth replacement under certain clinical conditions. It was designed as a temporary restoration which is reversible and the clinicians’ major concern has been its longevity. The major cause of failure was attributed to de-bonding caused by complex multi- directional inter-abutment stresses associated with the 3-unit bridge that challenges the retainer and adhesive bond. The study aimed to assess the attitude, knowledge and practice of resident doctors on the performance factors of RBB. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted amongst residents at an update course using self –administered questionnaires. The first part of the questionnaire consisted of questions related to participants’ sociodemographics, intended area of expertise, years of experience and percentage of RBBs performed in their clinical prosthodontic / restorative practice. The second part of the questionnaire comprised closeended multiple-choice questions which were designed to extract the opinion and understanding of the respondents regarding performance factor for RBBs. The questions were related to clinical indications, prosthesis design etc Results: Eighty percent of the participants indicated that had <10% tooth replacement service was done with RBB, 44.7% of the respondents considered RBB as a provisional restoration while 28 (36.8%) regarded RBB as both provisional and permanent restoration. About 76% of the respondents believe that perforated retainers were associated with clinical success of RBBs. 70% considered anterior maxilla as the most favorable location while class 1 jaw relation was preferred by 60% of participants Conclusion: With less than 10% of teeth replacement done using RBBs, there is a need for continuing education opportunities for practicing dentists and better exposure of undergraduate and postgraduate students to clinical application of RBBsItem Survival of Reattached Tooth: A Systematic Review(2018) Ajayi D.M.; Adebayo, G. E.Background: The use of tooth fragment reattachment as an alternative treatment for fractured anterior teeth has been widely reported. However, there is controversy about its longevity. This necessitates the review of studies on its survival rate. Aim and objectives: To determine the reported survival rate of reattached tooth fragments and to assess the storage media, techniques and materials used for tooth reattachment as it affects the longevity of the restorations. Design of the study: This is a systematic review of studies conducted on tooth fracture reattachment. Setting: The review was carried out at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, a tertiary hospital in South-Western region of Nigeria. Materials and Method: A systematic search of PUBMED, Cochrane, Web of science, Scopus, Google scholar and Google was done three times for better outcome. Case reports, observational studies, in vivo studies, and cross sectional studies that were written in English language were included. Key words and phrases such as'tooth reattachment', 'fragment tooth reattachment', 'crown fragment reattachment' as well as 'AND' 'OR' were employed to increase the field of search. Articles downloaded were critically appraised by the two authors for inclusion. Data including authors' name, date, institution, age/gender of patient, teeth involved, medium of storage, technique of reattachment, materials used, and followup period were extracted and entered into a data proforma. Results: Search yielded 206 articles of which 61 relevant ones were downloaded and twenty five studies that met the selection criteria were analysed. A total of 29 teeth were treated in the studies. The majority, 20 (69.2%), of the patients were male and 15 (51.7%) of teeth treated were tooth-type 11. Ellis class III fracture 21 (72.4%) constituted the major indication for reattachment. Material mostly used for tooth reattachment was Light cured composite resin in 16 (55.2%) teeth followed by flowable composite in 8 (27.6%) and dual cure composite in 5 (17.2%) teeth. Follow-up period was between 3 months and 10 years with an average of 2-year-longevity and survival fate. Conclusion: Tooth reattachment as an alternative treatment for fractured anterior teeth is simple, conservative, cost effective and aesthetically pleasing with fairsurvival rateItem Patients’ waiting experiences and satisfaction with oral care delivery at two levels of care in Ibadan, Nigeria(2018) Abiodun-Solanke, I.M.F.; Lawal, F.B.; Ajayi, D.M.Background: Patients waiting experiences at the dental centre and their satisfaction with services rendered by the health care team have not been fully explored and may be important factors that have influenced the pattern of utilization of dental services in this part of the world. The aim of this study was to determine what patients’ waiting experiences are, at two dental centres and find out how satisfied patients were with the services provided. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at two dental centres in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria over a period of twelve months. Data was collected using a 29-item structured questionnaire. Information sought were patients’ biodata, reasons for presenting at the dental centre, time on entry into the centre, their experiences from point of entry into the dental centre to consultation with the dentist and how satisfied they were with the services rendered. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results: Two hundred and sixty-six respondents participated in the study with a mean age of 36.3 ± 17years. The mean waiting time at the Primary Oral Health Care Center (POHCC) and tertiary health centre (UCH) were 11.5 ± 17.0 and 102.3 ± 47.3 minutes respectively. Many (85.3%) were satisfied with the services offered by the dentist, 78.0% were comfortable while waiting to see the doctor. Patients attending the POHCC were more satisfied with the stage of dropping appointment cards but less satisfied with the stage of being called in to see the doctor (22.9%) and when with the doctor (20.6%) compared with patients attending UCH (13.3%)(p<0.005). Conclusion: Many patients were comfortable while waiting to be seen by the dentist and the majority were satisfied with the stages of service delivery. However, causes of dissatisfaction and discomforts experienced by some of the patients will have to be addressed.Item Perceived Sources of Stress and Coping Strategies among Clinical Dental Students in Two Nigerian Universities(2016) Abiodun-Solanke, I.M.F.,; Ajayi, D.M.; Sigbeku O; Ashiwaju, M.O.Background: Dentistry is perceived as a highly stressful profession and the dental school is often where the stress begins. Contemporary dental curricula require students to attain diverse proficiencies such as acquisition of theoretical knowledge, clinical competencies, skills acquisition and best practices which add up to stress. The objectives were to identify the sources of perceived stress, and the coping strategies adopted by clinical dental students in two Nigerian Universities. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study involving all clinical students in the two oldest dental schools in Nigeria. A validated self administered, structured questionnaire comprising of the modified version of dental environmental stress survey(DES), the perceived stress scale and brief coping scale was used in collecting data from the participants. Results: The potential sources of stress which were most frequently reported were the academic factors with volume of learning rated highest (84.2%) followed by demanding curriculum (72.6%) and frequent formative and summative assessment (51.7%). Inadequate infrastructures and erratic power supply were considered the most frequent(70.7%, 67.6%) sources of stress among the physical and environmental factors. Workload was also a major concern for stress with requirement to perform specified types and number of procedures rating the highest(76.9%) followed by time limits(69.8%). More (47.8%) females pray/ meditate while 29.6% cry as a means of relieving stress while the males play games which are all statistically significant (p= 0.003, 0.001 and 0.000 respectively). Conclusion: The most frequently reported source of stress are the academic factors with volume of learning rated the highest followed by demanding curriculum and frequent examinations. The strategies adopted to cope with stress across the gender were praying and crying among females and playing games in malesItem Perceived Sources of Stress and Coping Strategies among Clinical Dental Students in Two Nigerian Universities(2016) Abiodun-Solanke, I.M.F.; Ajayi, D.M.; Sigbeku O; Ashiwaju, M.O.Background: Dentistry is perceived as a highly stressful profession and the dental school is often where the stress begins. Contemporary dental curricula require students to attain diverse proficiencies such as acquisition of theoretical knowledge, clinical competencies, skills acquisition and best practices which add up to stress. The objectives were to identify the sources of perceived stress, and the coping strategies adopted by clinical dental students in two Nigerian Universities. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study involving all clinical students in the two oldest dental schools in Nigeria. A validated self administered, structured questionnaire comprising of the modified version of dental environmental stress survey(DES), the perceived stress scale and brief coping scale was used in collecting data from the participants. Results: The potential sources of stress which were most frequently reported were the academic factors with volume of learning rated highest (84.2%) followed by demanding curriculum (72.6%) and frequent formative and summative assessment (51.7%). Inadequate infrastructures and erratic power supply were considered the most frequent(70.7%, 67.6%) sources of stress among the physical and environmental factors. Workload was also a major concern for stress with requirement to perform specified types and number of procedures rating the highest(76.9%) followed by time limits(69.8%). More (47.8%) females pray/ meditate while 29.6% cry as a means of relieving stress while the males play games which are all statistically significant (p= 0.003, 0.001 and 0.000 respectively). Conclusion: The most frequently reported source of stress are the academic factors with volume of learning rated the highest followed by demanding curriculum and frequent examinations. The strategies adopted to cope with stress across the gender were praying and crying among females and playing games in malesItem Tooth reattachment: knowledge and practice of Nigerian dentists in postgraduate training(2017) Ajayi, D.M.; Gbadebo, S.O.; Abiodun-Solanke, I.M.F.Introduction. Trauma to teeth is relatively common and reattachment of fractured fragment is one of the available treatment modalities. It is conservative, provides immediate treatment with natural esthetics and faster restoration of function. Aim of the study. To assess the knowledge of resident doctors on tooth reattachment and investigate how much of this has been translated into current good clinical practice. Methodology. A cross-sectional study that made use of structured self-administered questionnaires completed by resident doctors from different dental specialties in Nigeria. The questionnaire included the demographics of respondents, knowledge about tooth reattachment, sources of information, practice of the procedure amongst others. Data was analysed with SPSS version 20, and p-value was set at ≤0.05. Result. Participants were aged between 28 and 57 years with mean of 35.1±5.7 years. The majority (95.7%) claimed they had heard about reattachment and 46.7% of these had more than one source of information. About 53% claimed it is indicated in tooth fracture while 4.3% of them stated that tooth avulsion is an indication. Also 53.2% believed that only anterior teeth could benefit from this procedure. Forty-two respondents had observed reattachment procedure before, out of which 18 (42.9%) had actually done it (p=0.04). A majority (89%), however, indicated a willingness to have a hands-on training workshop on the procedure. Conclusion. Though there is good awareness of reattachment, the practice is very low in this environment. There is, therefore, a need to create even more awareness on the current standard of practice of tooth reattachment among Nigerian dentists.Item Effect of resilient lining of obturator bulbs on patients with maxillectomies(2016) Ikusika, O.F.; Dosumu, O.O.; Ajayi, D.M.; Ogunrinde, T.J.Statement of problem. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) obturator bulbs are hard and nonresilient. The relief for these obturators limits the support available for the bulbs and may limit mastication on the side with the resection. Resilient liners may improve mastication by gaining greater support from closer contact with tissues within the defects. Purpose. The purpose of this crossover clinical trial was to compare masticatory function scores of individuals with maxillectomies rehabilitated by using all-PMMA and PMMA obturator bulbs lined with resilient silicone. Material and Methods. Twelve participants with maxillectomies were provided with 2 definitive obturator dentures after initial rehabilitation. One of the obturator dentures had a hollow obturator bulb in all-PMMA, while the other had a hollow-core PMMA with an outer layer of silicone-resilient liner. Participants wore each obturator for a 2-week period without washout. Masticatory function on the rehabilitated sides was assessed by using an adapted Sato questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed by using paired t test results of mean masticatory function scores (a=.05). Results. Participants found 98.35% of the foodstuffs easy to masticate on the dentate sides. An average of 60.40% of the participants found the foodstuffs easy to masticate on the rehabilitated sides with the silicone-lined obturators. 18.35% of participants found the foodstuffs easy to masticate with the all-PMMA obturators (P<.05). Conclusions. Resilient lining of PMMA resin obturator bulbs significantly improved masticatory ability in rehabilitated areas of the mouth. (J Prosthet Dent 2016;-:---)Item Awareness of dental diseases and oral health behaviour among dental and medical students of a Nigerian university(2016) Abiodun-Solanke,I.M.F.,; Opeodu, O.I.; Ajayi, D.M.Aim of the study. To assess the effects of change in curriculum on the oral health knowledge and behaviour among the third and fourth year medical and dental students, and their use of dental services. Methods. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess, among other things, the knowledge of respondents of dental diseases and possible risk factors. Results. Two hundred and thirty-seven respondents filled and returned the questionnaires, out of which 125 (52.7%) were females (with male:female ratio of 1:1.1). About 50% of the respondents were in 300 levels, consisting of 99 (82.5%) medical students. A higher percentage of 300 level medical students have better knowledge of diseases such as pulpitis, oral cancer and scurvy as possibly occurring within the mouth than their 400 level counterparts. Conclusions. There is a need not only to integrate dentistry into the curriculum of medical students, but also to re-assess constantly the impact of such on the quality of output from various medical schools.Item Impact of tooth loss on the quality of life of patients seen in a Nigerian teaching hospital(2016) Ogunrinde, T.J.; Abiodun-Solanke, I.M.F.; Ajayi, D.M.Introduction. Tooth loss (edentulism) is an irreversible oral condition that has been described as a final marker of disease burden for oral health. It can impact the quality of life of an individual as it may affect speech and ability to chew properly. Aim of the study. To assess the effect of tooth loss on the quality of life of the Nigerian population using the Oral Health Impact (OHIP) questionnaire, and to determine factors that influence the severity of tooth loss impact. Material and method. A cross-sectional study was performed among partially edentulous patients at a Nigerian teaching Hospital. The Oral Health Impact (OHIP) questionnaire was used to obtain information from the participants. Data collected through the questionnaire were analysed using SPSS version 17 software. Chi square test was used to assess the correlation between the quantity and location of tooth loss and impact of tooth loss on the quality of life. The level of significance was set at P≤0.05. Result. One hundred and sixty five partially edentulous patients participated in the study. There were 80 (48.5%) males and 85 (51.5%) females. The highest mean impact score was 2.27 and was recorded for the question “Have you found it uncomfortable to eat any food because of your missing teeth”? Of the seven domains of OHIP, the highest mean score (4.2) was recorded for the physical pain domain. There was a statistically significant relationship between the location of missing teeth and the severity of impact on the quality of life of the participants. Conclusion. Missing anterior teeth had significant impact on the quality of life of the patientsItem Audit of Crowns and Fixed Partial Dentures in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital(2017) Abiodun-Solanke I.M.F.; Ajayi D.M.; Sulaiman A. O.Aim: The purpose of this investigation was to document the reasons for placement, and replacement of crowns and fixed partial denture in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital. Methods: a retrospective review of patients that had advanced conservative procedures. A data collection form was used to gather the relevant information from the patients’ case notes. Section A sought information on age , gender, educational level, patients’ occupation etc. Section B recorded information on tooth/teeth involved, reason for fabrication of prosthesis and material used. Results: Three hundred and twenty six had 398 crowns while 23 patients received bridges. Patients’ ages ranged from 16-85 years with a mean of 47.7 ± 17.2 years and a male to female ratio of 1:1.3. Thirty five percent of the crowned teeth were in the upper right quadrant, followed by the upper left quadrant with 29.4%. Upper right central incisors were the most frequently (15.6%) crowned teeth. Endodontics and esthetics were the most common reasons for initial crown placement and replacement respectively. About 60% of bridges fabricated were new, while 22.2% of replaced bridges were due to fracture of porcelain and unacceptable marginal adaptation. Conclusion: Endodontics and esthetics were the most common reasons for initial crown placement and replacement