FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

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End date: 2019Subject: search.filters.subject.oral health

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    Impact of tooth loss on the quality of life of patients seen in a Nigerian teaching hospital
    (2016) Ogunrinde, T.J.; Abiodun-Solanke, I.M.F.; Ajayi, D.M.
    Introduction. Tooth loss (edentulism) is an irreversible oral condition that has been described as a final marker of disease burden for oral health. It can impact the quality of life of an individual as it may affect speech and ability to chew properly. Aim of the study. To assess the effect of tooth loss on the quality of life of the Nigerian population using the Oral Health Impact (OHIP) questionnaire, and to determine factors that influence the severity of tooth loss impact. Material and method. A cross-sectional study was performed among partially edentulous patients at a Nigerian teaching Hospital. The Oral Health Impact (OHIP) questionnaire was used to obtain information from the participants. Data collected through the questionnaire were analysed using SPSS version 17 software. Chi square test was used to assess the correlation between the quantity and location of tooth loss and impact of tooth loss on the quality of life. The level of significance was set at P≤0.05. Result. One hundred and sixty five partially edentulous patients participated in the study. There were 80 (48.5%) males and 85 (51.5%) females. The highest mean impact score was 2.27 and was recorded for the question “Have you found it uncomfortable to eat any food because of your missing teeth”? Of the seven domains of OHIP, the highest mean score (4.2) was recorded for the physical pain domain. There was a statistically significant relationship between the location of missing teeth and the severity of impact on the quality of life of the participants. Conclusion. Missing anterior teeth had significant impact on the quality of life of the patients
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    A report on oral health delivery to rural underserved communities oyo state using the mobile dental clinic
    (2018) Balogun, A.O.; Taiwo J.O.; Ipeaiyeda O.J.; Lawal F.B.; Ibiyemi O.
    In Nigeria, the distribution of health care facilities particularly oral health facilities is urban based. Consequently, the rural people have no access or minimal access to oral health care. Various studies have called attention to the increasing trend of oral diseases in Nigeria, especially in the rural areas. Mobile dental clinic transcends all barriers to oral health care including physical and cultural barriers through community outreach, to rural underserved areas. Therefore, this project set out to determine the oral health needs of poor underserved rural communities in Ibadan and to deliver oral health care at their doorsteps. Using the services of a mobile dental clinic, inhabitants in selected rural communities namely; Akufo, Olosun, Aremo and Ilaju were given oral health talk and treatment after their needs were determined using dental mirror, natural light, CPITN probe, caries probe. One hundred and thirty one people were examined and treated. Majority were from Yoruba tribe. More females (58.0%) participated in the study. Mean age of the participants was 42.4years (+10.4). Many (61.8%) of the participants had periodontal disease, tooth wear 24.4%, dental caries 16.0%. Majority of the participants had scaling and polishing (61.8%) as treatment, while 3.1% had atraumatic restorative treatment. Extraction was done for 6.8% of participants, while 27.5% were referred. Oral diseases, especially periodontal disease, tooth wear and caries are quite prevalent in underserved rural communities
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    Making a Case for Formal School-Based Oral Health Promotion: Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Pupils in Ibadan, Nigeria
    (2018) Lawal, F.B.; Taiwo, J. O
    Providing evidence for institution of school-based oral health promotion programs is paramount in developing countries, due to increasing unmet dental needs impacting on quality of life of children. To evaluate oral health knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of pupils in a country lacking formal school oral health promotion. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,297 pupils in randomly selected primary schools in one city. Information on oral health KAP were obtained using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Responses to questions were graded, standardized, and data analyzed using SPSS. The mean age was 10.6 (_1.7) years. Mean KAP percentage scores were 18.1 (_5.0)%, 18.3 (_4.9)%, and 17.3 (_12.8)%, respectively. Older age, male gender, and previous dental consultations were significantly associated with higher KAP scores. Those who had been educated informally about oral health had higher mean KAP scores (p¼.013, p<.001, and p<.001, respectively). Previous oral health education and consultation with dentists were significant predictors of higher oral health practice scores. Poor oral health KAP exists among the pupils. Those who had consulted the dentist or had oral health education had better KAP. These findings reinforce the need for formal school-based oral health promotion
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    Perception and Practices of Nomadic Women in a Rural Community in Southwestern Nigeria to Their Children’s Oral Health
    (2017) Bankole, O.O.; Lawal, F.B.; Balogun,
    Nomads move from one settlement to another, thus it has been difficult to have adequate documentation about their oral health and that of their children. To investigate the perception and practices of nomadic Fulani women toward their children’s oral health. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 197 Fulani women using a structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Perceived causes of tooth decay included tooth germs/worms (23.9%) and sugar (5.1%), and 32.0%, 15.2%, and 5.1%, respectively, self-medicated children with antibiotics, traditional concoctions/herbs, and analgesics for tooth decay. Two fifths (40.1%) attributed bleeding gums to tooth germs/worms. Polyurethane foam (46.7%), toothbrush (32.0%), finger (18.8%), and wooden twigs (2.5%) were aids used for cleaning children’s teeth. These mothers have suboptimal oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward their children’s oral health. There is a need for urgent intervention among this group of people.
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    Roles of teachers in promoting oral health in schools: a cross sectional survey in Ibadan, Nigeria
    (2015) Lawal, F.B.; Gbadebo, S.O.
    The paucity of formal oral health promoting activities in schools in sub-Saharan Africa has not been properly addressed partly because of failure to integrate teachers with their roles. The study aimed to determine the roles of elementary school teachers in promoting oral health in schools in Ibadan, Nigeria. A questionnaire-based study was conducted among a representative sample of 338 teachers randomly selected from elementary schools in Ibadan. The majority, 308 (91.1%), believed that teachers should play important roles in promoting oral health in schools. Tooth cleaning by 272 (80.5%) and inspection of their pupils’ mouths by 206 (60.9%) teachers were the only oral health promotion activities the teachers were engaged in. Many, 258 (76.3%), were satisfied with their roles in promoting oral health in their schools while 29.0% were satisfied with the roles of dentists. Main reason mentioned by teachers for inadequate oral health promotion in schools was “dentists not doing enough” by 200 (59.2%) while the most commonly suggested solution to improve the situation was frequent school visitation by dentists, 261 (77.2%). Most, 297 (87.9%) were willing to be involved if oral health promoting activities are formally instituted. Many of the teachers believed they play important roles in promoting oral health in schools and are satisfied with their present activities in achieving this, despite very few oral health promotional activities existing in schools. Nonexistence of formal school oral health promotion activities were believed to be caused, majorly, by dentists not doing enough in schools.
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    Periodontal status and treatment needs of primary school teachers in the absence of formal school oral health programme
    (2014) Lawal, F.B.; Dosumu, E.B.
    Information is sparse about the periodontal health of teachers who play important: roles in prevention of oral diseases in schools. Especially in developing countries where the promotion of oral health in school programmes is still sub-optimal. The objective of the study was to evaluate the periodontal health status and periodontal treatment needs of primary school teachers in a country lacking formal school-based oral health programmes. This was a descriptive survey in which intraoral examination was conducted on 407 primary school teachers. Recordings on the oral hygiene status using OHI-S. bleeding on probing, periodontal pocketing and treatment needs with CPITN and tooth mobility were obtained by a trained and calibrated examiner. Information on socio-demographic characteristics was also sought. Data were analyzed using SPSS and the level of significance set atp<0.05. None of the teachers had healthy periodontium, 3 bled to probing, 284 had calculus accumulation and 109 had shallow pockets while 11 had deep periodontal pocketing. Majority (80.6%) of the teachers had poor oral hygiene and 43 (10.6%) had one or more mobile teeth. A higher proportion of rural based teachers had periodontal pockets compared to those in urban areas (38.5% vs. 26.7%. p = 0.026). Older teachers were more likely to have mobile teeth (p = 0.002). There were significant positive correlations between OHI-S, CPITN score and number of mobile teeth. Periodontal disease is highly prevalent among primary school teachers in the country with calculus accumulation being the predominant feature. The periodontal treatment need of most of the teachers is in the form of oral prophylaxis and non-surgical periodontal treatment
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    An audit of school oral health education program in a developing country
    (2014) Lawal, F.B.; Taiwo, J.O
    The increasing prevalence of oral diseases in children in developing countries is a major public health concern and creates the need to review various preventive strategies put in place on oral health promotion. In the absence of formal national programs, tertiary health institutions have adopted low-budget school oral education programs targeted at improving oral health awareness and behavioral changes in school children. The aim of this study was to review the school oral health education programs conducted by the Community Dentistry Unit of a tertiary hospital in a major city in Nigeria. An evaluation of the school oral health education programs conducted in the city over a 5-year period was done. Data collected included: venue of the program, the number of students and teachers educated in each school, screening and referrals, adequacy of teaching aids, desire for revisit, and barriers noted in its conduct. A total of 104 oral health education programs were conducted during this period involving 16,248 participants. The majority (80%) of the schools visited was primary schools and 54% were privately owned. Over half of the programs were conducted on assembly grounds, 21% in classrooms, and 13% in school halls. Challenges encountered included: lack of audiovisual aids, transportation problems, inadequacy of screening tools, and insufficient promotional materials. All the schools visited requested for (subsequent) regular visitation. Conclusion: The study showed the feasibility of low-budget oral health education and willingness of schools to benefit from such programs. There are barriers to effective communication, which can be mitigated in order to achieve an optimal school oral health education program in a low resource setting