Human Nutrition and Dietetics

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Author: search.filters.author.Ariyo O.

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    Knowledge, attitude and compliance to dietary recommendation among Type-2 diabetes patients attending medical outpatient clinic at the university college hospital, Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria
    (Ibadan Biomedical Communications Group, 2023) Ariyo O.; Ogundero A.; Ogunjinmi J.; Oduneye M.
    Dietary management is important in preventing complications associated with diabetes mellitus and enhancing quality of life. However, compliance to dietary recommendations among Diabetes Patients (DPs) remain unknown. This study was designed to assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Compliance (KAC) of Type 2 diabetic patients to dietary recommendation. This cross-sectional study involved 101 DPs attending Medical Outpatient Clinic at University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. A semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-demographic characteristics, diabetes history and KAC to dietary recommendation. Knowledge was assessed on a 26-point scale and categorized as good (≥18.0) and poor (<18.0). Attitude was assessed on a 34-point scale and considered as positive and negative at ≥27 and <27, respectively. Compliance was assessed on a 42-point scale and classified as good (≥29) or poor (<29). Data were analyzed and summarized as descriptive statistics and association among variables was determined using Chi-square test at p<0.05. Age of respondents was 56.9±11.6 years, 58.4% were female, 72.2% were married, and 11.9% had no formal education. About half (49.5%) of the participants had normal body mass index, 30.7% were overweight and 16.8% were obese. Diabetes duration was 9.4±5.7 years, 46.4% had family history of diabetes mellitus, and 93.1% relied on Dietitians for dietary plans. Patients on diet and drug, diet alone, and diet and insulin constituted 79.2%, 14.9% and 5.9%, respectively. Only 8.9% had normal blood glucose level and 31.7% were pre-diabetic. Mean fasting blood glucose value was 108.94±19.54mg/dL and 42.6% had co-morbidities including hypertension (25.7%), eye problem (7.9%), renal problem (5.0%) and ulcer (4.0%). Respondents with good knowledge, positive attitude and good compliance were 53.5%, 63.4%, and 77.2%, respectively. Compliance to dietary recommendation was higher than observed knowledge and attitude levels of the respondents. Efforts should be intensified to strengthen compliance to reduce diabetes complications.
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    Knowledge, attitude and compliance to dietary recommendation among Type-2 diabetes patients attending medical outpatient clinic at the university college hospital, Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria
    (Ibadan Biomedical Communications Group, 2023) Ariyo O.; Ogundero A.; Ogunjinmi J.; Oduneye M.
    Dietary management is important in preventing complications associated with diabetes mellitus and enhancing quality of life. However, compliance to dietary recommendations among Diabetes Patients (DPs) remain unknown. This study was designed to assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Compliance (KAC) of Type 2 diabetic patients to dietary recommendation. This cross-sectional study involved 101 DPs attending Medical Outpatient Clinic at University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. A semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-demographic characteristics, diabetes history and KAC to dietary recommendation. Knowledge was assessed on a 26-point scale and categorized as good (≥18.0) and poor (<18.0). Attitude was assessed on a 34-point scale and considered as positive and negative at ≥27 and <27, respectively. Compliance was assessed on a 42-point scale and classified as good (≥29) or poor (<29). Data were analyzed and summarized as descriptive statistics and association among variables was determined using Chi-square test at p<0.05. Age of respondents was 56.9±11.6 years, 58.4% were female, 72.2% were married, and 11.9% had no formal education. About half (49.5%) of the participants had normal body mass index, 30.7% were overweight and 16.8% were obese. Diabetes duration was 9.4±5.7 years, 46.4% had family history of diabetes mellitus, and 93.1% relied on Dietitians for dietary plans. Patients on diet and drug, diet alone, and diet and insulin constituted 79.2%, 14.9% and 5.9%, respectively. Only 8.9% had normal blood glucose level and 31.7% were pre-diabetic. Mean fasting blood glucose value was 108.94±19.54mg/dL and 42.6% had co-morbidities including hypertension (25.7%), eye problem (7.9%), renal problem (5.0%) and ulcer (4.0%). Respondents with good knowledge, positive attitude and good compliance were 53.5%, 63.4%, and 77.2%, respectively. Compliance to dietary recommendation was higher than observed knowledge and attitude levels of the respondents. Efforts should be intensified to strengthen compliance to reduce diabetes complications.
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    Nutritional and sensory properties of biscuits based on wheat (Triticum aestivum), beniseed seed (Sesamum indicum) and sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) composite flour
    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 2022) Ariyo O.; Dudulewa B. I.; Atojoko M. A.
    This study evaluated the nutritional and sensory characteristics of biscuits produced from wheat/beniseed seed/sweet potato composite flour. Four flour samples from wheat, defatted beniseed and sweet potato flours in the ratios of 100:0:0; 80:10:10; 70:20:10; and 60:30:10, respectively with other ingredients were used to produce biscuits. Samples were analyzed for proximate content, vitamins and minerals, antinutrients, sensory and microbial properties using standard procedures. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA. Crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre, ash, carbohydrate and energy composition of samples ranged from 8.39-12.07 g 100-g–1, 17.52-22.59 mg 100-g–1, 0.60-4.20 g 100-g–1, 1.18-2.29 g 100-g–1, 67.11-60.53 g 100-g–1 and 460.34-491.11 kCal 100-g–1, respectively. Calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, iron and zinc contents ranged from 474.50-843.75, 498.75-845.00, 267.50-568.50, 92.50-105.75, 82.25- 288.25, 3.88-5.99, and 0.07-0.32 mg 100-g–1, respectively. Beta-carotene, thiamin, niacin and tocopherol contents were 429.20-441.93 μg 100-g–1, 4.03-4.83, 17.87-19.57 and 54.87-62.77 mg 100-g–1, respectively. Most nutrients increasedwith increasing beniseed substitution levels. Phytate andoxalate contents of samples were within permissible levels. Sensory properties decreased from 7.78-5.60, 7.90-5.00, 7.00-6.53, 6.80-5.83, 7.87-5.23 for colour, taste, crispiness, texture and general acceptability, respectively. Number of colonies were negligible after storage for 21days. Beniseed (20%) and sweet potato (10%) flours substitution for wheat flour produced acceptable biscuits with higher protein and micronutrient composition and acceptable sensory properties than wholly wheat flour and other composite flour biscuits.