Human Nutrition and Dietetics
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Item Prevalence of malnutrition among cancer patients in a Nigerian institution(Lifescience Global, 2017) Ntekim, A.; Folasire, O. F.; Folasire, A. M.Abstract: Background: Cancer is a major health problem. Successful management includes adequate supportive care. Nutritional problems are common among cancer patients and these are not routinely addressed by oncologists during oncology care leading to suboptimal outcome even in developed countries. In Nigeria and other low and medium income countries, the situation is worse as nutritional screening and assessment of cancer patients are not routinely carried out. Objectives: To determine the proportion of cancer patients at risk of malnutrition and compare convergence of risk assessment using SGA and MUST tools. Methods: This was a prospective study carried out among cancer patients who presented for cancer care in the Department of Radiation Oncology, University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria. Nutritional assessment tools which included Malnutrition Universal Scoring Tool (MUST) and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) were used to assess the nutritional status of the participants. Results: A total of 89 patients aged between 18 and 85 years participated in the study. The number of males were 13 (15%) while females were 76(85%). In our study 54 (60.8%) of our patients were at risk of malnutrition using the malnutrition universal scoring tool (MUST) scale while 53(60%) were malnourished using the subjective global assessment (SGA) scale. The reliability for the classifications using the MUST and SGA scales was positive (moderate) [Kappa = 0.584 (p <0.0005), 95% CI (0.410, 0.758)]. Conclusion: There is a high proportion of clinical malnutrition among cancer patients in the study population. According to this study, there was similarity between the classifications of nutritional risk, using the MUST and SGA tools.Item Nutrition evaluation in HIV seropositive patients using the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool and Subjective Global Assessment in Ibadan, Nigeria(Nutrition Society of Nigeria, 2015) Folasire, O. F.; Adebayo, A. M.; Sanusi, R.A.Background: Early identification of nutritional risks in People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in low-income settings depends onan awareness of the available and reliable tools. Objectives: The study was designed to compare the nutritional status evaluation of PLWHA using the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) tool, and to also determine the cut-off values of MUST and SGA that corresponds to underweight with BMI (<18.5kg/m3) as the gold standard. Methodology: The study reviewed records of HIV seropositive patients between May and October 2008 at the antiretroviral clinic, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Clinical symptoms and anthropometric data of 120 PLWHA were extracted from the hospital records for nutritional evaluation by the BMI, MUST, and SGA tools. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed in data analysis. Cut-off values for MUST and SGA tools in identifying underweight (BMI<18.5) were determined using Receiver Operation Curve (ROC) analysis. Level of significance was placed at p<0.05. Results: Prevalence of underweight was 5.8% (BMI), 75.8% were at high risk of malnutrition (MUST score ≥2) while 42.3% had suspected and severe malnutrition (SGA B&C) respectively. There is a significant difference between MUST and SGA risk of malnutrition X=17.331, p=0.000. ROC curve for MUST was more accurate in identifying underweight compared with SGA (AUC-0.900, CI=0.778 to 1.012, p=0.000 vs AUC-0.700, C.1-0.476 to 0.934, p=0.070). At a MUST score of 3.4 and SGA of 6.0, about 10% and 30% of the underweight respondents were not identified. Conclusion: With the use of MUST and SGA tools, more PLWHA were at risk of malnutrition. Thus, combined use of MUST and SGA gives a better assessment than BMI.