INSTITUTE FOR PEACE AND STRATEGIC STUDIES

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Author: search.filters.author.Adio-Moses, R. O.Start date: 2000

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    An analysis of state of emergency preparedness and response of government to disaster risk management in Nigeria
    (2019-02) Adio-Moses, R. O.; Taiwo, P. A.
    Nigeria has experienced and is still experiencing varying degrees of both natural and man-made disasters with their adverse effects overtime exceeding the ability of affected societies to cope in the midst of available resources especially in the face of insurgency and terrorism. While intellectual discourses have focused on the effect and consequences of disaster, dearth of information exist on government‟s response and level of preparedness for disaster risk management especially from the analytical point of view. The paper focused on the nature and consequences of disaster, role of government in disaster risk management and problems affecting emergency preparedness and response from government. Disasters were seen to be sudden, calamitous and deadly in nature. Its types included natural disasters (e.g wild fire, floods, landslides, hurricanes, drought, damaging winds, tsunami, debris flow, hurricanes and volcanic eruption) and man-made disasters (economic collapse, terrorist attacks, chemical threat, biological threat, nuclear accidents, wars, explosions, oil and chemical spillage, fire, flood etc). Government role in disaster risk management included education, monitoring, coordination, data collation, research activities, policy making and prompt responses to prevent and control disaster at all levels. However, the hindrances included inadequacy in funding, education, coordination, research and planning. It is recommended that individual and collective effort be geared at improving education, funding and research coupled with governmental preparedness and prompt response towards the prevention and control of all forms of disaster in Nigeria.
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    Awareness of cervical cancer risk factors and utilisation of pap-smear testing among health workers in Ibadan, Nigeria
    (The Department of Physical and Health Education Faculty of Education University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria, 2017-03) Adio-Moses, R. O.; Sindama, H.
    Cervical cancer is a major reproductive health problem among women in Nigeria, every woman who has ever been sexually active is at risk. Certain factors also increase the risk of developing the disease. Cervical cancer can usually be found early by having regular Pap smear tests but this test is rarely provided and hardly utilised by women. This study was aimed at finding out the level of awareness of female health workers and the level of utilization of pap smear testing. The study was carried out using descriptive survey research design and the total population of 623 health workers in government owned hospitals were used as respondents for the study. Only 502 of the structured questionnaire were returned. Reliability of the instrument was determined using a test-retest method with Pearson Product Moment correlation and it yielded reliability co-efficient of 0.73. Data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics of frequency count and percentage for the research question, while inferential statistics of chi-square and regression were used to determine the level and the direction of relationship between the independent and the dependent. The level of significance was set at p-value <0.05. The results shows that only 118 (23.5%) have had pap smear test while 384 (76.5%) have not. Also, awareness of cervical cancer risk factors was significant (X2cal 33.426, X2crit =11.071, df= 5, p< 0.05) among health workers. But, this awareness of the risk factors did not significantly influence (13 =.084, t= 1.069, p> 0.05) the utilization of pap-smear testing among female health workers in Ibadan. It is surprising to note that the awareness of cervical cancer risk factors did not influence the utilization of pap- smear testing among health workers in Ibadan. In recommendation, female health workers should be sensitised and encouraged to subject themselves to pap-smear testing as the experience will serve as a source of empowerment in their pivotal role of adviser and developing consciousness, reliance and cooperation of other women.
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    Challenges of interagency collaboration in emergency response in Nigeria
    (2020-03) Adio-Moses, R. O.; Abiodun, T. F.; Fasaanu, E. O.
    Nigeria as state has been facing a myriad of challenges that have impeded disaster and risk management for years now. This situation is further complicated by the dearth or even lack of a comprehensive institutional framework for emergency response system in the country. The interaction between the agencies involved is one in which there is a usual disconnect instead of a joint decision making approach where power is shared and all agencies take up organizations and the public, but the current approach being employed is rather tailored towards individual coordination rather than a collaborative or cooperative approach. This paper, therefore, examines the challenges of interagency collaboration on emergency response in the country and implications for national risk preparedness and reduction. The study vividly depicts an overview of the Nigerian situation in relation to emergency response. Though challenges crop up as a result of various hindrances that make the agencies work at cross-roads, among which are: financial constraints, inadequate information on coordination process, politics and others. The paper concludes that given the current situation on in-adequate interagency collaboration in emergency response in Nigeria, there is need to embrace interagency collaboration to enhance emergency response to disasters and risks in our societies. It, however, recommends encouragement of coherent policies; learning from the lived experiences of developed countries; coupling disaster risk reduction with other.
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    Engendering humanitarian support in Nigeria: a cross-sectional survey of health-related quality of life of internally displaced persons in Benue State
    (2020) Adio-Moses, R. O.
    The humanitarian crisis which was induced by armed conflict in the North Central geo-political zone in Nigeria has assumed a tragic dimension. The crisis has forced hundreds of thousands of people to flee their homes thereby necessitating settlements in internally displaced persons camps. Benue state became the epicenter of the farmers/herdsmen crisis and the year 2018 witnessed an alarming loss of lives and properties including sacking of villages by armed militias thus necessitating IDP camps. Planning, execution and evaluation of humanitarian and health services require understanding health needs and social realities of internally displaced persons (IDPs). It was against this backdrop that the present study was designed to assess and document health related quality of life (HRQoL) of IDPs in Benue State IDP camps. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted and instrument modified from the WHOQOL-BREF. Health related quality of life was assessed using two dimensions of physical and socio-emotional health dimensions. Generated data were analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics of t-test and One-Way ANOVA at 0.05 alpha level. Findings of the study showed poor health related quality of life in both dimensions. There was also significant gender difference in health related quality of life (tcal. = 4.230, df = 746, tcrit. = 1.645, p=<0.05) with female IDPs reporting lower HRQoL. The study also suggests that older respondents reported lower HRQoL than younger ones. It is concluded based on the findings of this study that HRQoL of IDPs in Benue State is significantly low and that IDPs have both poor physical, social and emotional health status. It was thus concluded that female and aged IDPs compared to male and younger IDPs face more distress. Provision of humanitarian and health support services for IDPs with specialized care for women, children and aged is strongly recommended.
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    Health and safety risk of female trafficking in Nigeria: implications for border security transformation
    (2019) Adio-Moses, R. O.; Agbaje, F.; Eselebor, W.
    Human trafficking has become one of the most worrisome phenomenon and Nigeria acts as origin, transit and destination point for trafficking. The country is ranked as a third tier country in 2018 Global Terrorism Report. Weak border control and governance has been reported to play significant role in promoting trafficking in persons globally, especially in Nigeria. The disadvantageous stereotype attributed to the female gender is another contributory factor and it is more pronounced in the African highly patriarch society. Trafficking is a gendered phenomenon that has women as the most vulnerable group with adverse health effect. The vulnerability of women in trafficking is further portrayed in large body of evidence which demonstrates that trafficking has deleterious effect on psychological, social, physical and physiological health of its victims. This paper attempts to put the gender dimension of trafficking into perspective in relation to its adverse health effect on women and girl children. Addressing the issue through effective border control as a strategy to combating and preventing female trafficking in Nigeria was also discussed.
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    The relationship between environmental factors and health problems of secondary school students in Oyo State, Nigeria
    (Medwell Journals, 2008) Anyanwu, F. C.; Adio-Moses, R. O.; Obaretin, M.T.
    This study investigated the relationship between Environmental factors and health problems of students in Oyo state Nigeria. The environment in which a child stays and learns as a direct effect on his/her health status. The classroom environment where too many students sit together to learn is likely to predispose them to infections and other health related problems. The number of students in a classroom can affect tire condition of the environment where proper ventilation is not possible and the spread of diseases become more prominent. The condition will therefore put the health of those students in jeopardy. A sample of 2000 respondents was used for the study. Data collection involved the use of questionnaire while data analysis was done using frequency counts and percentages. The findings revealed that faulty refuse disposal, lack of toilet facilities, crowded classrooms and poor water supply as environmental factors predisposed the students to health problems. These findings have implications for curriculum planners and policy makers who are interested in the well being of the child.
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    Assessment of fire safety preparedness among residential staff of the University of Ibadan: promoting safety in homes for national development
    (Research and innovation for National Development (RIND), 2017) Okanlawon, A. J.; Adio-Moses, R. O.
    Fires in schools are a public concern because of the increased incidences, injuries and deaths of students and staff not to mention the destruction of properties. Despite this, schools seem not well prepared for fire disasters, The purpose of this study was to assess fire safety preparedness among residential staff in University of Ibadan. The research adopted a descriptive survey. The target population for this study consisted of all staff residing in the staff quarters. This study employed multistage sampling technique to obtain the sample population of 169 respondents. Data was collected by means of questionnaire, an observation schedule and structured interview guide. Data collected was analyzed through descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis. Based on the findings of the study, fire extinguishers are indicated not readily available in staff residential quarters with only 14.2% of residential staff indicating its availability; 57.4% of residential staff do not know how to use a fire fighting equipment; 85.2% of residential staff have not received any training on the use of fire fighting equipment. Based on the findings of the study, the researchers recommended that the university management should consider providing fire fighting equipment to staff residential quarters and should also be regularly inspected. Finally, residential staff should be trained on fire safety. The study suggested that a similar study should be carried out in other tertiary institutions in Nigeria to examine fire safety preparedness in schools, hence improve research and innovation in health and safety education for national development
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    Assessment of residential overcrowding and associated health risk on the girl-child in low-income communities in Oyo State, Nigeria
    (The Institute For Peace and Strategic Studies University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, 2018) Taiwo, P. A.; Adio-Moses, R. O.; Taiwo, Y. M.
    The consequences of residential overcrowding on children in developing countries have attracted scholarly attentions with dearth of information on its health implications on the girl-child from large family sizes particularly among selected low-income communities in Akinyele local government area, Oyo state. This study adopted a descriptive and cross-sectional survey design using the epidemiological transition theory as framework for explanation. A s tinctured questionnaire was administered on 450 purposively selected parents with large family sizes, while 9 in-depth interviews and 3 focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with parents and mothers respectively from 3 communities in the study area. Quantitative data were analyzed at the univariate and bivariate levels and presented using descriptive statistics of frequencies, percentages, and inferential statistics of chi-square, while qualitative data were content analyzed. Majority (86.3%) were females, 93.7% were married while only 16.1% had tertiary education. About 70.0% of the respondents had more than 4 children and earned N40,000 and less monthly. Nearly half (49.3%) of the respondents resided in one room self-contain apartment with their children. A significant association existed between gender of children and risk of communicable diseases (X2’212.7, P=0.002). More female children experienced measles (55.7%) and always had cough (65.0%), than their male counterparts who experienced measles (45.4%) and always had cough (32.0%). The girl-child experienced sexual abuse, shame and inconvenience in maintaining personal hygiene because of other roommates of the opposite sex. There is need to educate and enlighten parents on the general implication of large family size, and specific health risk of overcrowding on the girl-child and she should be equipped with risk reduction skills as a coping mechanism. Government should also provide adequate housing for low-income and large families.
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