INSTITUTE FOR PEACE AND STRATEGIC STUDIES
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Item Enhancing parliamentary oversight for effettive security sector reform in democratic Nigeria(2015) Aluko, B. A.The provision of the most essential public good - security in accordance with the will of the people is very germane to the consolidation of democratic governance. Though, the Nigerian state is set to inaugurate her 8th National Assembly on 9th June, 2015, the capacity of the nation’s parliamentary body (National Assembly) to provide effective parliamentary oversight over the nation’s security sector for the establishment of a democratic security forces is grossly deficient. In light of this, the objective of this paper is to explore how the Nigeria’s parliamentary body can be energized in the performance of its oversight functions over the nation’s security sector. The study employed the descriptive survey research method. It was revealed that the inadequate capacity of the parliamentarians in the performance of their oversight functions partly accounts for the incessant violation of the fundamental human rights of the people by the nation’s security forces. Thus, it becomes imperative that the capacity of the nation’s parliamentary body to carry out her oversight responsibilities be greatly strengthened. This, the paper posits can be achieved when there is a considerable improvement in the knowledge base of the parliamentarians on the workings of the entire security sector and the logic and methods of her performance of the oversight functions and a comprehensive review of the constitution with a view to freeing the security forces from the exclusive control of the presidency. The paper concludes that it is only when there is an effective parliamentary oversight over Nigeria’s security agencies that the prevalent executive control over the sector can be moderated in line with democratic principles and practices.Item Corruption, militancy and their implications for development in peremabiri community in Bayelsa State, Nigeria(Society for Peace Studies and Practice, Abuja, 2017) Aluko, B. A.; Ogbofa, D. BThe phenomenon of corruption and militancy has become a serious threat to developmental efforts and good governance in Peremabiri community in Southern Ijaw local government area of Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The question is how can the disenabling issues be addressed to ensure sustainable peace and development for the community? The study used the greed/grievance theory and the pervasive theory of corruption to interrogate the forces driving corruption in the community. Qualitative data collected were content analysed to gain insight into how these disenabling phenomenon became entrenched for socio-political interaction in the community. It argues that militancy emerged in the community because of the level of corruption of the traditional rulers and their reliance on coercion to enforce compliance to their exploitative and oppressive rules. The paper concludes by emphasising the imperativeness of accountable, responsive and participatory governance as antidotes to corruption and militancy in the community.Item Mainstreaming cooperative societies into peacebuilding knowledge networks for sustainable peace and development in Nigeria(2018) Aluko, B. A.Evidently, peace is a critical ingredient of socio-economic development in any polity. Unfortunately, the Nigerian State has become a theater of violence. Thus, socio-economic activities that could engender sustainable development of the nation are interrupted and hindered. The implication is that the top-down approach (track one diplomacy) for conflict prevention and peacebuilding in Nigeria needs to be complemented by the other tracks. In light of this, the question that looms large now is how do we energise the civil society to become an effective stakeholder in building peace in Nigeria? The paper examines how the nation's plethora of cooperative societies can be mainstreamed into peacebuilding knowledge networks for effective participation in peacebuilding activities. Qualitative data collected were interrogated using Stone’s elucidation of the rote of knowledge networks to articulate strategics for reinventing the nation’s cooperative societies to become effective agents for promotion of peacebuilding works. The paper concludes that these efforts would greatly strengthen the collaboration between the state and society. The collaboration, the paper shows, is required for effective implementation of peacebuilding initiatives meant to engender sustainable peace and development in the country.Item Electoral violence and its implications on voters participation in the 2019 elections in Ogun State, Nigeria(2019) Aluko, B. A.; Fakorede, G. A.Electoral security, peace, law and order are critical factors that facilitate effective voters’ participation in elections in particular and meaningful engagement in democratic processes in general. Unfortunately, electoral processes in Nigeria are characterised by high level of violence, most times culminating in the loss of lives and destruction of property. In light of the foregoing, this paper interrogated the rising phenomenon of elections related violence and its implications on voters’ participation in the 2019 elections in Ogun state, Nigeria. Our interrogation of the nation’s politic clearly revealed that the rising level of violence before, during and after elections was largely due to theprebendal nature of the nation’s politics. Predictably, the violence and high level of insecurity that characterised the 2019 political campaigns and elections in Ogun State, Nigeria negatively affected the level of voters’ participation in the political process. This paper concluded that the essence of democratic governance is realisable largely within the context of popular political participation and thus recommended the need to rejig the nation’s electoral system and politics towards promoting electoral security and good governance.Item Jailbreak recurrence as a new security threat in Nigeria(Centre for Sustainable Development, University of Ibadan, 2019-07) Aluko, B. A.; Okolie-Osemene, J.Nigeria Prisons Service is one of thè three arms of thè nation's criminal justice System; thè other two are thè police and thè courts. Prisons or jails are designed to accommodate any individuai or group of people, male or female, found to have broken thè law. However, inmates of such facilities sometimes forcefully free themselves from this confinement. This is referred to as jailbreak. Jailbreak has become a new form of threat to Nigeria's internai security. This paper examined thè emerging threat of jailbreak in Nigeria, thè implications of this trend on thè part of thè prisoners, prison officials, other law enforcement agencies and thè communities where prisons are located. Synthesised primary and secondary sources of data were used including key informant interviews and literature. This paper concludes that embarking on prisons reforms as an option for checkmating jailbreaks and would make prisons officials more accountable than what is presently obtainable.Item Challenges of interagency collaboration in emergency response in Nigeria(2020-03) Adio-Moses, R. O.; Abiodun, T. F.; Fasaanu, E. O.Nigeria as state has been facing a myriad of challenges that have impeded disaster and risk management for years now. This situation is further complicated by the dearth or even lack of a comprehensive institutional framework for emergency response system in the country. The interaction between the agencies involved is one in which there is a usual disconnect instead of a joint decision making approach where power is shared and all agencies take up organizations and the public, but the current approach being employed is rather tailored towards individual coordination rather than a collaborative or cooperative approach. This paper, therefore, examines the challenges of interagency collaboration on emergency response in the country and implications for national risk preparedness and reduction. The study vividly depicts an overview of the Nigerian situation in relation to emergency response. Though challenges crop up as a result of various hindrances that make the agencies work at cross-roads, among which are: financial constraints, inadequate information on coordination process, politics and others. The paper concludes that given the current situation on in-adequate interagency collaboration in emergency response in Nigeria, there is need to embrace interagency collaboration to enhance emergency response to disasters and risks in our societies. It, however, recommends encouragement of coherent policies; learning from the lived experiences of developed countries; coupling disaster risk reduction with other.Item The relationship between environmental factors and health problems of secondary school students in Oyo State, Nigeria(Medwell Journals, 2008) Anyanwu, F. C.; Adio-Moses, R. O.; Obaretin, M.T.This study investigated the relationship between Environmental factors and health problems of students in Oyo state Nigeria. The environment in which a child stays and learns as a direct effect on his/her health status. The classroom environment where too many students sit together to learn is likely to predispose them to infections and other health related problems. The number of students in a classroom can affect tire condition of the environment where proper ventilation is not possible and the spread of diseases become more prominent. The condition will therefore put the health of those students in jeopardy. A sample of 2000 respondents was used for the study. Data collection involved the use of questionnaire while data analysis was done using frequency counts and percentages. The findings revealed that faulty refuse disposal, lack of toilet facilities, crowded classrooms and poor water supply as environmental factors predisposed the students to health problems. These findings have implications for curriculum planners and policy makers who are interested in the well being of the child.Item Trends of illicit arms proliferation in Nigeria and curtailment strategies(Centre for Peace and Strategic Studies, 2017) Isola, O.O.Small arms proliferation has accelerated the rate of crimes, endangering civil security in Nigeria. Terrorism and escalating ethno-religious violent conflicts can also be traced to this trend. The situation which began since the end of the Nigerian civil war appears to have defied efforts to curtail it. The paper rationalised the situation from the frustration-aggression and weak or fragile state theoretical perspectives, it examined the factors that have contributed to the arms proliferation, the dynamics of demand and supply of small arms and the implications of the proliferation on national security and development. Several reasons have been attributed for the trend, including weak regional security’ arrangements in West Africa and porous security borders. Even though there are existing security and legal measures to stop the trend, it appears there is inadequate coordination among existing agencies to stop the trend. The paper suggests that government and the civil society need to demonstrate more commitments to exposing traffickers of small arms and strengthen the relevant agencies to stop their illegal activities