FACULTY OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES
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Item Perceived Stress Factors and Coping Mechanisms among Mothers of Children with Sickle Cell Disease in Western Nigeria(Oxford University Press, 1997) Olley, L. B.; Brieger, W. R.; Olley, B. O.While many studies have looked at the stressful effects of chronic illness of those who suffer such conditions, less is known about the effects on caregivers, especially in developing countries. Mothers in particular must bear the brunt of care and stress for children who have sickle cell disease (SCD). A sample of 200 mothers attending six SCD clinics in both public and private hospitals in the Ibadan-Ibarapa Health Zone of Oyo State, Nigeria, were interviewed. Stress levels were measured using an instrument comprised of stressors listed by mothers themselves in focus group discussions that preceded the survey. Higher levels of stress were associated with less educated and older women, as well as non-married women and those in polygamous households. Stress levels were also greater when there was more than one child with SCD in the family and when the index child was of school age. Coping mechanisms varied according to the category of stressor. Financial stress and disease factors were met with confrontation, while family sources of stress were either complained about, accepted or avoided. Knowledge of the different types of mothers who experience more stress and of their preferred coping mechanisms can be useful in designing clinic-based counselling.Item Some Psychosocial Correlates of Relapse among Drug Dependents in Nigeria(African Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues, 1996) Olley, B. O.This study tried to find out some psychosocial correlate of relapse among drug dependants in Nigeria. The subjects were 67 in and outpatient drug dependants of the Neuro-psychiatric Hospital Aro, and its annex at Lantoro, Abeokuta, and the Psychiatric Hospital, Yaba, Lagos. They were 65 males and 2 females with the mean ages of 26.3 and 22.5 years respectively who fulfilled the criteria for inclusion in the study. Fifteen were dependent on cocaine/heroine, 16 on alcohol, and 36 on cannabis. A questionnaire containing some socio-demographic items and questions designed to measure the degree of difficulty encountered in some daily living activities/conditions, was used. Subjects, case files were also used. Result showed that difficulty experienced in daily living activities/conditions and the duration of illness significantly and positively varied with relapse rate. Age and type of family (polygamous/monogamous) did not show any significant relationship with relapse rate. It is therefore concluded that the degree of difficulty experienced in daily living activities/conditions and duration of illness can be used to predict the subjects who stand a high risk of relapsing after hospital treatment. This would help in the proper utilization of the Limited mental health manpower and facilities available in the Nigeria- especially as far as rehabilitation of drug dependants after treatment is concerned.Item Post Disaster Psychiatric Disorder: A Case of Study of a Liberian Refuge Woman in Nigeria(African Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues, 1995-09) Olley, B. O.Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the latest classification of neurotic disorders emanating nom traumatic experiences (DSM III). It has been a focus of empirical interest among contemporary researchers. This interest has grown over the years as a result of concern for adequate intervention to victims of both natural disasters and deliberate human torture. The present study is a case report of a Liberian refugee woman in Nigeria who was referred for expert management. Efforts were made to systematically draw inference about how the process of trauma could devastatingly dispose an otherwise premorbidly stable individual to a state of psychiatric breakdown.Item Abnormal Psychology(Department of Psychology, University of Ibadan, 1999) Olley, B. O.Item Traditional Healers Approach to the treatment of Puerperal Psychosis(1997) Madu, S. N.; Olley, B. O.This paper presents an African (Nigeria) traditional healers approach to the treatment of puerperal psychosis. The authors interviewed the traditional healer. Result shows that such patients are treated in 4 stages: Stage 1: Observation of abnormal behaviours of patient and immediate withdrawal of the baby from the patient, especially if danger for the baby is foreseen by the traditional healer. Stage 2: Oral administration of a mixture of some sedative herbs (Epo mango, Atare, Kan, Ewe Eripo - all mixed with pap). Stage 3: If the origin of the puerperal psychosis is seen by the traditional healer to be a broken taboo or adultery on the part of the patient, the traditional healer takes her to a flowing stream, washes her head with black native soap, while he sings some Incantations. Thereafter oracle consultation and sacrifice to the gods will follow. Stage 4: When patient starts to get better, she is encouraged to start to breast feed the baby and to socialise with the society. The authors conclude by stressing the importance of the knowledge of the cultural beliefs, involvement of the relatives, involvement of some psychotherapeutic components, and reintegration programme in the treatment methods.