FACULTY OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES
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Item Farmers’ choice of wetland agriculture: checking wetland loss and degradation in Lagos State, Nigeria(Springer, 2013) Taiwo, O. J.The issue of food security has received increasing emphasis in developing countries, particularly in the cities. The emphasis on food security has engendered agricultural expansion and encroachment on the coastal and inland wetlands in these nations. To facilitate and sustain the security of food in the developing countries local and international policies have been designed and employed; they have specifically targeted abounding food production towards ensuring human survival in the cities. However, the various ecological and socio-economic benefits derivable from the preservation of wetlands and inland valleys in these urban environments may be lost, with the transformation in the land use and cover. This study is therefore concerned with how wetland degradation and loss can be checked and mitigated, focusing on the developing countries and their cities. In this respect, the farmer’s awareness of the impacts of wetland cultivation and the role of accessibility, socio-economic and biophysical factors influencing the choice of wetland farming are examined. To this end, structured questionnaire on choice of wetland agriculture in the urban and periurban wetland areas of Lagos city was administered to the farmers. Simple frequency analysis is used to explain and interpret the data generated. The data reveals a generally low level of farmers’ awareness of the implication of wetland cultivation; it shows different categories of factors influencing the choice of wetland farming. Provision of irrigation infrastructure and improvement in living standard of the people through poverty eradication can discourage disadvantageous encroachment on wetlands in cities.Item Perceived causes, exposures and adjustments to seasonal heat in different residential areas in Ibadan, Nigeria(Springer, 2012) Taiwo, O. J.; Olaniran, H. D.; Osayomi, T.Local perception can be an important resource for assessing and managing climate-related extremes and identifying adjustment strategies unique to specific settings. The objectives of the study are two-fold. Firstly, it examined the perceived causes, exposures and adjustments to seasonal heat events using different residential density areas of Ibadan, Nigeria, as spatial units of analysis. Secondly, it investigated the relationship between heat exposure, built environment, socio-economic and cultural factors. Results show that intense heat from the sun, climate change and absence of rains, among others, was identified as perceived causes. Number of electricity hours, distance from water supply points and the number of neighborhood trees were listed as the three most important factors affecting heat exposure. In addition, there were considerable variations in the perceived causes (F = 4.86, p<0.05), in exposures (F = 3.61, p<0.05), and in adjustments to seasonal heat (F = 8.75, p<0.05) across different residential density areas in Ibadan, Nigeria. The study demonstrates that local knowledge based on the perceptions, exposures and adjustments to seasonal heat waves has the potential in some cases to provide valid inputs into vulnerability and adaptation assessments.Item Perception and awareness of preventive practices against breast cancer among women in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria(2018) Taiwo, P. A.; Bamidele, R.; Agbana, R. D.The prevalence of breast cancer which is the second deadly disease in the world, has affected the peace of women as the vulnerable group in the society, thus has attracting more global and scholarly attention.While researches have focused largely on the symptoms and consequences of breast cancer among women, few have focused on women’s perception and awareness about the preventive practices of this disease especially in Oyo state. This forms the focus of this paper. Marxist feminist theory formed the framework of the study. A descriptive survey was conducted among 400 women selected from two local governments in Ibadan through multi stage sampling. Ten in-depth interviews were also conducted among women. Quantitative data was analyzed using inferential statistics such as percentages and chi-square, while the qualitative data were content analyzed. The study revealed that women’s perception of breast cancer was based on poor knowledge and the ‘belief’ that breast cancer is not only caused by supernatural forces but can be cured by it (God/gods) even without medical intervention. Eightythree (83) percent were aware of breast self-examination, 66% were aware of clinical breast examination and 28% of mammography. However, awareness about other preventive practices like exercise, avoidance of alcohol intake, weight loss and diet was low and awareness was significantly related to women’s level of education with X2=44.0, P = 0.00. There is need for awareness programs and health education on breast cancer to reduce the myth about breast cancer and encourage early detection and treatment of this deadly disease.Item Perception and utilization of traditional orthopaedic services by orthopaedic patients in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria(2016-09) Owumi, B. E.; Taiwo, P. A.; Victor, K.Despite considerable advancement in modern medical practice and its relative availability Nigerian urban cities, orthopaedic patients have continued to utilize traditional orthopaedic services. This study focused on the persistent utilization of traditional bone setters (TBS) by orthopaedic patients in Ilorin. Health belief model was adopted as theoretical basis for the study. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were combined: Multistage sampling technique was used to select respondents from the study area. Questionnaire was administered to a total of357 patients, while purposive sampling was used to select 7 patients and 14 practitioners for Indepth Interview (IDI). Majority of the respondents aged between 21 and 60 years (73.1%) were males (74.5%) and had secondary and tertiary education (76.6%). Findings revealed that the incidence of orthopaedic cases was higher in urban and semi-urban areas where most of the respondents (80.2%) resided. Patients also believed that the use of supernatural methods and therapies gave TBS an advantage over modem medicine and that contrary to the views of modem medical science, TBS treatment is highly effective and does not result in complications as argued by modem medical practitioners. It was advocated that modem practitioners show positive disposition towards the integration of western and traditional orthopaedic practices. It was further recommended that capacity building be developed among traditional orthopaedic practitioners who are a major provider of orthopaedic care in Nigeria.Item Perception and affordability of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets among pregnant women and mothers of children under five years in Ogun State, Nigeria(Elsevier Limited, 2014) Adeneye, A. K.; Jegede, A. S.; Nwokocha, E. E; Mafe, M. A.Summary Despite the distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) in Nigeria, access to and use of LLINs continues to be minimal. Little is also known about the perceived fair price people are willing to pay for LLINs in Ogun State, South-West Nigeria. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaire among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics and mothers of under-five children in randomly-selected malaria holo-endemic communities of Ijebu North and Yewa North local government areas of Ogun State. Results showed that only 23.6% of 495 respondents owned and were using LLINs. One of the main reasons for non-use of LLINs was unaffordability of LLIN cost. 84.2% of the 495 respondents were willing to pay at a hypothetical price of N800.00 (US$5.00) for a LLIN, 15.6% were unwilling and 0.2% was indifferent to buying it at the price. Their willingness to pay was significantly determined by education and occupation (p = 0.00). Health education strategies need to be developed to increase awareness and demand for LLINs. However, there is the need to take into account preferred access outlets and the diversity in willingness to pay for LLINs if equity to access is to be ensured in the study communities.Item Perception and utilization of traditional orthopaedic services by patients in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria(2016-09) Owumi, B. E.; Kolo, V. I.; Taiwo, P. A.Despite the relative availability of modern medical services in Nigerian urban cities, orthopaedic patients have continued to patronize Traditional orthopaedic practitioners (TOP) even in the midst of low recognition. This study focused on the persistent utilization of traditional orthopaedic services (TOS) by patients in Ilorin. Health belief model was adopted as theoretical basis for the study. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were combined Multistage sampling technique was used to select respondents from across the study area. Questionnaire was administered to a total of 357 patients, while In-depth Interview (IDI) was conducted with 7patients and 14 purposively selected TOP. Majority of the respondents aged between 21 and 60 years (73.1%) were males (74.5%) and had secondary and tertiary education (76.6%) which did not affect their perception of TOS. It was further revealed that incidence of orthopaedic cases was higher in urban and semi-urban areas where most of the respondents (80.2%) resided. Also, Patients also believed that the use of supernatural methods and materials gave traditional treatment higher efficacy than its modern counterpart without resulting in complications as had been argued by previous scholars. The study recommended that funding be increased, and capacity building be encouraged to equip traditional orthopaedic practitioners to fill the huge gap inherent in Nigeria's orthopaedic health care sub-sector.