FACULTY OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES
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Item Forest liquidation, rural agrarian poverty and growth in Nigeria(Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU), Nigeria, 2021-12) Oyeranti, O. A.; Ishola, O. A.This paper assesses forest resource liquidation within the context of rural agrarian poverty and growth in Nigeria, using annual and quarterly data from 1990 to 2016, and 2001 to 2019. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were employed to examine how forest resource utilisation is associated with rural agrarian poverty and economic growth. Findings revealed that forest resources have consistently been exploited in an unrestrained manner in the last 26 years, with shifting agriculture and urbanisation as major drivers. In addition, efforts to replenish these resources have not been sufficient enough to ensure their sustainability; thus the share of the forestry subsector has been extremely low. However, as forest depletion took place over time, rural agrarian poverty in Nigeria declined, due to the release of additional land that became available for crop and livestock production, thereby signifying the prevalence of a deep-rooted dichotomy between forest and agriculture in the country. The study recommends the replenishment of lost forest cover across the country, discouraging the primitive practice of shifting agriculture, ensuring balanced development to check rural urban drift, and the development of a national accounting system for the efficient management of forest resources.Item Exports trade, employment and poverty reduction in Nigeria(Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2012) Babatunde, M. A.; Oyeranti, O. A.; Bankole, A. S.; Ogunkola, E. O.Purpose – Poverty reduction remains one of the main goals of development efforts, as evidenced by the adoption of the Millennium Development Goals by most developing countries and international agencies. The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between trade (exports) and employment and how the relationship reduces poverty through the instrumentality of employment, with a focus on Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach – The paper takes the form of descriptive analysis. Findings – Evaluating the case for Nigeria, the authors find that oil exports which drives economic growth do not provide the needed employment to reduce poverty, while agricultural trade, particularly exports, are capable of reducing poverty and inequality in Nigeria through the channel of employment and agricultural productivity growth. Originality/value – The paper makes a link between export trade, employment and poverty reduction in Nigeria.Item Production, trade and livelihoods of cotton producers in Nigeria(Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2011-06) Bankole, A. S.; Olaniyan, O.; Oyeranti, O.; Abdulrahaman, M.The sustainable livelihood framework is applied to the context of cotton production and trade in Nigeria’s cotton belt with focus on small cotton farmers vulnerability to natural and environmental disasters; the effects of which policies and programmes were formulated to mitigate. The study aims at the application of multidisciplinary knowledge to the study of households and their livelihoods. In addition, the study helps to augment the pool of livelihoods research in Nigeria. With the aid of interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs), primary data were obtained from purposively selected communities in five northern states of Nigeria; namely Kano, Katsina, Kaduna, Zamfara and Jigawa in addition to secondary data on Nigeria’s cotton sector. The key finding of the study suggests that farmers are vulnerable to natural and environmental disasters as well as policy shocks to which some programmes and projects are targeted. The study also finds that institutional interventions to reduce vulnerabilities have been less successful in dealing with the restoration of small cotton farmers’ economic and social capital assets. Consequent upon the findings of the study, the adoption of sustainable livelihoods is germane for addressing cotton farmers ’ vulnerabilities in order to guarantee the success of poverty reduction strategies meant to help combat poverty for cotton producers.Item Citizen revolution in Tunisia and regional contagion: lessons for sub-Saharan Africa(2012) Johnson, I. A.The citizen revolution in Tunisia played a significant role in the changing pattern of politics in North Africa. This article contends that the paternalistic, autocratic and undemocratic nature of North African leaders was responsible for the poor quality and maldistribution of resources among citizens. The revolution which began in Tunisia with a suicide, spread through the region as experienced in Egypt, Algeria and Libya. Across the region, the revolution was inspired by the same social and economic factors, including high unemployment, poverty, decline in real indicators of development and state repression of the opposition. Using the frustration - aggression theory, the paper posits that relative deprivation is a background factor for citizen revolution. Thus, individuals with high expectations are more likely to become frustrated when experiencing hardship and such feelings can drive individuals to address their grievances. Applied to sub-Saharan Africa, the revolution portends a reoccurrence of such phenomenon. This is because authoritarianism, sit-tight governments, succession crisis, corruption and economic inequalities are common endemic problems in the region. The paper concludes that urgent political and economic reforms within the context of good governance will be an antidote for citizen revolution in the current global orderItem Integrating health services into microfinance operations for sustainable poverty alleviation: the case of female clients in Edo State(2014-09) Taiwo, P. A.; Owumi, B. E.Microfinance role in women empowerment and poverty alleviation has received a lot of focus with negligible attention on health implications. This paper focuses on microfinance and health- integration services as pathway for sustainable poverty alleviation, using cross-sectional survey of 750 purposively selected respondents (400 from micro finance banks (MBs) with integrated health-related services (IHS) and 350from MBs without IMS in Benin, Ugbowo, Iruekpen, Auchi, Jattu and Ekpoma. Fourteen In-depth interviews and 20 Key Informant Interviews were conducted. Respondents (60.3%) from MBs with IHS, who attached high importance to their health, doubled those from MBs without IHS (30.3%). IHS enabled client:: practice preventive health behaviour and payment for health services. IHS helps women value their health and reduces health-risks. MBs should be encouraged and funded to integrate health-related services in their operations.Item Old peoples' well being in a total institution and the imperative of new policy directive(2016) Owumi, B. E.; Taiwo, P. A.; Olaotan, S. Y.In contemporary times, African as well as Nigerian societies have experienced changes due to urbanization, globalization, and industrialization. This has resulted in a weakening of the hitherto existing bonds, norms, values and culture in the family structure with the attendant consequences of neglecting the elderly. While studies have focused on the factors militating against adequate care for the elderly, psychological well being of the elderly as well as their unmet needs, dearth of information exist on the social well-being of the elderly who are under care and support in the institution such as the Yaba old people's home. This study was conducted against this background with the social exchange theory and Health Belief Model as its theoretical frameworks. The study was purely qualitative using in- depth interview with 44 resident aged people, 3 key informant interviews with staff of the institution and nonparticipant observation as the methods of data collection. Over half (59.0%) of the respondents are female while about a quarter of the respondents (23.0%) most of whom were females, had no education. Furthermore, while 91.0% were between the ages of 71-90years, 98.0%, of the respondents were widowed prior to their admission into the homes. Findings revealed that the elderly experienced dissatisfaction with the food, access to medical attention and condition of living in the institution. This was revealed to be because they lacked choice as to what to eat, where to stay, who to stay with and when to receive medical attention. Lack of adequate funding from government, inconsistent payment from relations of the elderly, and limited supplies of resources were reported as the challenges faced by the institutions which affected the care of the elderly in the home. Adequate funding, consistent payment and increased support from government, clients relations and other necessary stakeholders respectively are recommended in order to ameliorate the conditions of the aged in Nigeria in particular and African in general.Item Old people's well being in a total institution and the imperative of new policy directive(2016) Owumi, B. E.; Taiwo, P. A.; Olaotan, S. Y.In contemporary times, African as well as Nigerian societies have experienced changes due to urbanization, globalization, and industrialization. This has resulted in a weakening of the hitherto existing bonds, norms, values and culture in the family structure with the attendant consequences of neglecting the elderly. While studies have focused on the factors militating against adequate care for the elderly, psychological well being of1he elderly as well as their unmet needs, dearth of information exist on the social well-being of the elderly who are under care and support in the institution such as the Yaba old people's home. This study was conducted against this background with the social exchange theory and Health Belief Model as its theoretical frameworks. The study was purely qualitative using indepth interview with 44 resident aged, people, 3 key informant interviews with staff of the institution and nonparticipant observation as the methods of data collection. Over half (59.0%) of the respondents are female while about a quarter of the-respondents (23.0%) most of whom were females, had no education. Furthermore. While 91.0% were between the ages of 71-90years, 98.0% of the respondents were widowed prior to their admission into the homes. Findings revealed that the elderly experienced dissatisfaction with the food, access to medical attention and condition of living in the institution. This was revealed to be because they lacked choice as to what to eat, where to stay, who. to stay with and when to receive medical attention. Lack of adequate funding from government, inconsistent payment from relations of the elderly, and limited supplies of resources were reported as the challenges faced by the institutions which affected the care of the 'elderly in the home. Adequate funding, consistent payment and increased support from government, clients relations' and other necessary stakeholders respectively are recommended in order to ameliorate the conditions of the aged in Nigeria in particular and African in general.Item Integrating health services into Microfinance operations for sustainable poverty alleviation: the case of female clients in Edo State(2014) Taiwo, P. A.; Owumi, B. E.Microfinance role in women empowerment and poverty alleviation has received a lot of focus with negligible attention on health implications. This paper-focuses on microfinance and health integration services as pathway for sustainable poverty alleviation, using cross-sectional survey of 750 purposively selected respondents (400 from microfinance banks (MBs), with integrated health-related services (IHS) and 350 from MBs without IHS in Benin, Ugbowo, Iruekpen, Auchi, Jattu and Ekpoma. Fourteen In-depth interviews and 20 Key Informant Interviews were conducted. Respondents (60.3%) from MBs with IHS, who attached high importance to their health, doubled those from MBs without IHS (30.3%). IHS enabled clients practice preventive health behaviour and payment for health services. IHS helps women value their health and reduces health-risks. MBs should be encouraged and funded to integrate health-related services in their operations.