FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE

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Author: search.filters.author.Ajani E. K.Subject: search.filters.subject.Predilection sites

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    Identification and distribution of parasites on developmental stages of Clarias gariepinus reared in different water renewal culture systems
    (Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, University of Ibadan, Nigeria., 2020) Okunade O. A.; Ajani E. K.; Adejinmi J. O.; Oladosu G. A.
    The intensification and commercialization of fish production often cause an imbalance in the water environment thereby exposing them to stress and biological pathogens – parasites, bacteria, fungi and viruses. Parasites are the primary causative agent of infections forming pathways for secondary infections whereas the knowledge about identification and distribution of parasites is vague to most farmers which prompted this study. The population size was 3% of functioning farms where five live fish were randomly collected from water renewal culture systems (Daily (DWR), Weekly (WWR) and Bi-weekly BWR)) for parasitological examination. Relevant keys were used for parasite identifications. Water parameters were measured for the community of parasites using standard methods. Descriptive statistics (percentages and mean) were used for analysis. The parasites observed across the culture systems in this study were categorized into three groups – protozoans (Trichodina spp., Vorticella spp., Tetrahymena spp., Chilodonella spp., Ichthyobodo spp., Piscinoodinium spp., and Ambiphyra spp.); helminths (Dactylogyrus spp., Gyrodactylus spp., suspected Salmonichus spp. and unidentified nematode spp.) and crustacean (Argulus spp.). Trichodina spp., Vorticella spp. and Dactylogyrus spp. parasitized all developmental stages (fry, fingerlings, juveniles and adults) collected from DWR and WWR. Trichodina spp. was highly distributed on the skin (66%) and gills (84.5%) in BWR; Vorticella spp. on the skin (29.4%) and predominantly dominated the intestine (100%) in WWR; Dactylogyrus spp. was on the skin (2.5%) and gills (36.8%) in DWR. No Vorticella spp. and Dactylogyrus spp. were recorded on gills and intestine respectively across the culture systems but nematode spp. was predominantly found in the intestine. Therefore, the presence of parasites in all the culture systems and developmental stages indicates that neither a system nor developmental stage is exempted thereby more attention should be given to fish hygiene, especially with the awareness of different species of parasites in fish farms.
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    Prevalence and intensity of parasitic infestation on developmental stages of Clarias gariepinus reared in different water renewal culture systems
    (Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, University of Ibadan, Nigeria., 2020) Okunade O. A.; Ajani E. K.; Adejinmi J. O.; Oladosu G. A.
    Fish disease is a significant factor in aquaculture that causes negative impact. Therefore regular updates of epidemiological data must be ensured indicating the level of exposure to infections which prompted this study. 487 Clarias gariepinus comprising different developmental stages were collected from the water renewal systems; daily (DWR), weekly (WWR) and bi-weekly (BWR). The prevalence and mean intensity of infection were determined using standard parasitological methods. Water parameters were measured using recommended methods. Descriptive statistic (percentages and mean) was used for analysis. The parasites observed were protozoans - Trichodina spp., Vorticella spp., Tetrahymena spp Chilodonella spp., Ichthyobodo spp., Piscinoodinium spp., and Ambiphyra spp.; monogenean trematodes - Dactylogyrus spp., Gyrodactylus spp., and suspected Salmonichus spp.; crustacean parasites – Argulus spp. and unidentified Nematode. The highest prevalence and intensity of 80% and 55.50 ± 18.63 respectively were recorded in Trichodina spp infection in fingerlings, under the BWR. With Trichodina spp and Dactylogyrus spp prevalence of 80% and 40% on the gills respectively and 60% prevalence of Trichodina spp on the skin, the gills and the skin are the most preferred predilection sites for Trichodina spp, while Dactylogyrus spp has the gills as its main predilection site. The rate of single infection was higher than co-infection in all the culture systems for all developmental stages of C. gariepinus.