DEPARTMENT OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING
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Item Comparative effectiveness of mental contrasting and self-regulation strategies on enhancing goal setting skills of secondary school students in urban Nigeria(Australian International Academic Centre PTY. LTD., 2019) Ofole, N. M.; Adegoke, I. V.Although there is plethora of studies on goal setting skills, there is paucity of experimental studies on this field. This study examined the comparative effectiveness of Mental Contrasting Therapy (MCT) and Self-Regulation Strategies (SRS) on enhancing goal setting skills of students in urban Nigeria. A group of 120 students (male=52, female=68) with age range of 14-17years and mean age of ≥ 13.5years were purposively drawn from secondary schools in urban Nigeria. Each of the intervention groups was exposed to 10 sessions of therapy designed to improve their goal setting skills. The control group served as comparison group. The result revealed a significant main effect of treatments on goal setting skills (F(2,105) =14.958, p<0.05) with the intervention groups demonstrating greater ability to utilize the acquired skills than the comparison group as evidenced on the mean score. The effect size reveals that treatment accounted for 22.2% (η2=0.222) change in the participants’ goal setting skills. Participants treated with SRS reported higher mean score at post-test (X=69.09) when compared with their counterpart in MCT group (X=66.93). Self-efficacy and gender have significant interactive effect with treatments F(4,105) = 6.375, p<0.05, η2=0.195 and F(2,105) =13.561, p<0.01, η2=0.205 respectively. The researchers concluded that though the two therapies were effective, SRS was more potent in enhancing goal setting skills of the participants.Item Can assertiveness skills training (AST) and Dialectical behaviour therapy treat social skills deficit of peer rejected in-school -adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria?(2019) Ofole, N. M.; Onyebigwa, U. A.Students with deficit social skills tend to have problems of interactions with peers and teachers which indirectly affect their academic performance. Literature on management of social skill deficit among peer rejected adolescents in Oyo state is limited. This study therefore, utilized Assertiveness Skills Training (AST) and Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) to manage deficit social skills among students diagnosed as peer rejected in junior secondary schools in Ibadan, Oyo State. Pre-test-post-test control group, quasi experiment design with 3x2x3 factorial matrix was adopted. Ninety students (Males= 40; Females=50) with age range of 10 to 15 years were purposively drawn from three public secondary schools in Ibadan. Social Peer Rejection Scale (α =0.81) was used to draw peer rejected students, while Social Skills Rating Scale (α = 0.86) and Self-consciousness Scale (α=0.70) were utilized as outcome measures. The students were randomly assigned to treatment conditions. The Experimental groups were exposed to 10 sessions of therapies while the control group served as the comparison group. Results showed that there was a significant main effect of treatments [F (2, 75) = 8.761, p< 0.05, η2= 0.189] on social skills of the participants. Those treated with AST had superior mean gain ( x = 68.64) over DBT ( x = 66.09) and Control Group ( x =55.40). There was interaction effect of treatments and gender [F (2, 75) = 11.123, p<0.01, η2= 0.229]. The interaction effect of treatments and levels of self-awareness was also significant [F(4,75)= 3.081, p<0.05, η2= 0.141] on social skills. There was no three way interaction effect of treatments. This outcome provides empirical supports for the use of AST and DBT to remediate social skill deficit. The researchers recommended the use of the therapies for the enhancement of social skills in school settings.Item Adherence self-efficacy, interpersonal forgiveness and perceived social supports as nexus of subjective well-being among people living with hiv /aids in Akwa-Ibom, Nigeria(2019-01) Ofole, N. M.Correlational design was adopted to investigate the relationship among adherence self- efficacy, interpersonal forgiveness and perceived social support on subjective-well-being of PLWHA in Akwa-Ibom state. Purposive sampling technique was used to select one hundred persons living with HIV and AIDS from the state chapter of Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria (NEPWHAN) made of fifty-six males and forty-four females with age ranging from 18-to 45 years and mean age of 31.5. They responded to four self-report measures. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC), t-test for independents samples and multiple regressions were utilised to analysis three questions. Results show that independent variables have linear relationship with the subjective well-being of respondents. Further, interpersonal forgiveness was most potent in predicting subjective well-being (fi = 0.464, t = 6.011, P < 0.05) followed by perceived social support (fi = 0.233, t =3.898, P < 0.05), while the least was adherence self- efficacy (P = 0.053, t = 0.707, P >0.05). It was concluded that subjective well-being is associated with personal and socio-psychological factors. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings were discussed.Item Sensation seeking behaviours among adolescents in South-Eastern Nigeria secondary schools: need for counselling interventions(2019) Ofole, N. M.This study adopted descriptive survey design to investigate if there is a significant difference in the sensation seeking behaviours of secondary students based on gender, age range and body image. Simple random sampling technique was used to draw 1668 (male=838; female=830) with age range of 10 to 20 years and mean age of 15≥ from schools in South Eastern Nigeria. Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (r=.89) and Dresden Body Image Questionnaire (r=.87) were utilised to collect data. Three hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Data was analyzed using Levenne’s test and Analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result shows that the male has higher sensation seeking behaviours (𝑥̅=77.244) than their female counterpart (x𝑥̅=76.119), however, this difference was not significant (t (1667) =.756 p > 0.5. p=.499). There was significant age difference in sensation seeking behaviours (F (4, 1664) = 7.574, P < 0.05). Respondents in age range of 10 to 12 years has highest mean score (x𝑥̅=74.244) while the least was those between ages 19 and above (x𝑥̅=65.331). There was significant difference (t (1667) = .517 p < 0.5) in sensation seeking behaviours of adolescents in south-eastern Nigeria based on perceived body image. The researcher concluded that the sensation seeking behaviours of students differs based on gender, age, and body image. Recommendations were made based on the outcome of the study.Item Domination by aggressive behaviours among students in Orumba North, Anambra State, Nigeria(2018) Ofodile, M. C.; Ofole, N. M.This study adopted descriptive survey design to investigate the influence of gender, parenting styles and peer pressure on the aggressive behavours of students in Orumba North local government area of Anambra State. Two hundred and ninety-one students consisting 189 males and 102 females with age range of 13 to 16 and mean age of 14.6 years were randomly drawn with ballot method from a population of students spread across three community secondary schools in ONLGAs. Three instruments namely; Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (r=0.72); Baumrid Parental Care Scale (r=0.70); Glasen and Brown Peer Pressure Inventory (r=0.78) were employed for collection of data. T-test for independent samples and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) were adopted as statistical tools to analyze four hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The results show that level of aggressive behaviour differs significantly on the basis of gender (df=289, t=2.9908, P<.05). There is a significant negative relationship between parenting styles and aggressive behaviours (r=-0.074, p>0.05)., while positive association exist between peer pressure and aggressive behaviour (r=0.6296, p<0.05). The independent variables jointly contributed 52% of the variance in aggressive behaviours among students in ONLGA. The researchers concluded that both personal and social factors are related with aggressive behaviours of students. It recommended that counselling psychologists should mount interventions to teach parents positive parenting styles as well as empower the students with the skill of anger management.Item Remedial effect of cognitive reframing and self-acceptance therapy on enhancement of optimism among students diagnosed with learned helplessness in Ibadan metropolis(2017) Ofole, N. M.; Omole, O. M.Evidence suggests that learned helplessness impairs learning and contributes to poor academic performance. Regrettably, there is limited empirical literature on intervention to enhance optimism in this population. Therefore, this study examined the effectiveness of Cognitive Reframing (CR) and Self-Acceptance Therapy (SAT) on enhancing optimism among junior secondary school students in Ibadan, Oyo state. Pre-test-post-test control group, quasi experiment design with 3x2x2 factorial matrix was adopted. One hundred and fourteen diagnosed learned helplessness students (Male= 57; Female=57) with age range of 10 to 13 years were purposively drawn from three public secondary schools. The schools were randomly assigned to therapy conditions. Experimental groups were exposed to 10 sessions of therapies. Narvaez Positivity Scale (α =0.73) Quinless and Nelson Learned Helplessness Scale (α=0.77) were utilised for data collection. Results showed that there was a significant main effect of treatment [F (2,101) =13.61; p=0.000<.05, n2=0.21]. Participants treated with CR had superior mean gain (x=59.94) over SAT (X=51.54) and Control Group (X=46.65). There was interactive effect of treatment, gender and age on optimism of secondary school students (F (2,101) = 6.95, p=0.015< 0.05, ƞ2=0.53).This evidence suggests that optimism is amenable to treatment. The researchers recommended the use of the therapies for the remediation of learned helplessness in school settings.Item Self acceptance of students repeating classes in Ibadan metropolis: relationship with parents’ sense- of- competence, locus of control and quality of parents-child-relationship(2017) Ofole, N. M.Self acceptance has been documented to be one of the non-intellectual factors in the students’ personalities that reinforce and foster academic success or failure. Descriptive survey design was adopted to examine the relationship between parent sense-of- competence, locus of control, parent-child relationship and self-acceptance among secondary school students in Ibadan Metropolis. Simple random sampling technique was utilized to select nine public schools from Ibadan metropolis out of which 450 senior secondary school repeaters were purposively drawn. The students filled three self-report measures while their parents completed parents’ sense-of-competence scale. Results indicate that there was positive relationship between parents’ sense- of -competence (r=.220; p< 0.01); locus of control (r=.193; p<0.01); quality of parent-child relationship (r=.185; p<0.01) and students’ self-acceptance. The independent variables jointly contributed 8% variance to the prediction of the students’ self-acceptance. Parent sense of competence was most potent on predicting self acceptance (Beta=.175; t=3.769; P< 0.01). It concluded that the hypothesized variables have weak positive relationship with students’ self-acceptance. It recommends that Counselling Psychologist should organize parent education programme to improve parents parenting practices, competencies, and skill for effective parent-teen-communicationItem Mode deactivation therapy on attitude towards psychological help-seeking among students with low achievement Motivation in secondary schools in Idemili North, Nigeria(2017) Ofole, N. M.Attitudinal barriers have consistently been related to actual utilization of services. This study investigated the effectiveness of Mode Deactivation Therapy (MDT) on modifying attitude towards psychological help seeking among students in Idemili North, Nigeria (IDNLG). Pre-test post test quasi experimental design with 2x 2 factorial matrix was utilized. The population of the study is all Senior Secondary School one (SS) students spread across 16 schools located within IDNLG. Eighty-five students (Female=44; male=41) with age range of 13-19 years (x =13.3SD=3.7) who obtained less than 30 in the Achievement Motivation Inventory participated in study. They were randomized into experimental and control Group. The experimental group was treated with MDT for 7 weeks which lasted for 2hrs per week while the control group was used as a comparison group. The outcome measure was Attitude towards seeking psychological help (Fischer & Turner, 1970).Item Impact of emotional maturity on coping with stress among freshmen in South-Western Nigeria Universities(Scholarlink Research Institute, 2017) Ofole, N. M.It is well documented that Nigerian freshmen are not emotionally matured to handle stress associated with transition from secondary school to university. For effective intervention to enhance this competency among this group there is need to ascertain their level of emotional maturity. Ex post survey design was adopted to examine the impact of emotional maturity on coping with stress among freshmen in South-Western Nigerian universities. Simple random sampling technique was utilized in four stages to draw a sample size of 2236 respondents (Male=1021; Female=1215) with age range of 16-20 years (X =19.3; SD=7.2) from three categories of universities in South Western Nigeria (Federal, State and Private). Singh and Bhargava (1991) emotional maturity scale was the only source of data. Descriptive statistics was adopted to answer the first three research questions while t-test for independent samples and ANOVA were used for the fourth and fifth questions respectively. The result revealed that 63.2% of the 2236 freshmen were emotionally immatured to cope with stress. The females reported more emotional maturity than their male counterpart. Respondents between ages 22 and above reported more emotional maturity than their younger counterparts. This study has provided empirical evidence to suggest that freshmen are not emotionally matured to cope with challenges that are experienced in universities in Nigeria. The outcome of this study will sensitize the lecturers and school administration of the need to ameliorate some of the factors predisposing students to stress since the students level of maturity differs. Counselling psychologist should also institute stress management programme for freshmen in other to cushion the effects of stress associated with transition.Item Media usage, religiosity and gender as determinant of performance in chemistry subject(2016) Oloyede, G. K.; Ofole, N. M.This research was designed to investigate the effect of media usage, religiosity and gender on performance in chemistry subject. This study employed survey research design. Two hundred participants (66 males and 134 females) drawn from public Senior Secondary Schools in Ibadan North Local Government Area, Oyo State constituted the study’s sample. The instruments used to collect data included four structured questionnaires - Academic Performance Questionnaire in Chemistry (APQC) (α = .914), Media Questionnaire (MQ) (α = .792), Religiosity Questionnaire (RQ) (α = .735), and Gender Questionnaire (GQ) (α = .899). Chemistry Achievement Test (CHAT) was used to determine performance level and ability difference between male and female. Four research questions were answered and three hypotheses were tested at 0.05 Alpha level of significance. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression Analyses. The findings of this study showed that media (r=0.119, df = 199, P< 0.05) is a significant correlate of academic performance in chemistry while religiosity (r= 0.057, df = 199, P> 0.05) and gender (r=0.032, df = 199, P> 0.05) are not. It was also revealed that the three independent variables (media, religiosity and gender) are not joint predictors of academic performance in chemistry (R = 0.125, R square = 0.016, p<0.05). It was evident from the findings that media (beta=.112, 11.2%, t=1.552, p<0.05) had the highest significant contribution to academic performance in chemistry. The results also showed that there is no statistical difference in the ability of male (x=3.89, SD=1.609) and female (x=4.01, SD=1.573) even though 59.5% of the students scored less than 50 in Chemistry Achievement test. The study, therefore, concluded that media is a potent correlate and significant determinant of performance in public Senior Secondary Schools in Ibadan North Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria while religiosity and gender are not.