DEPARTMENT OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING
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Item Youths quality of life in Nigerian state: link with resilience, locus of control and perceived social supports?(2022) Ofole, N. M.Cross sectional research design was adopted to examine the relationship between three independent factors (resilience, internal locus of control, perceived social supports) and quality of life. A sample size of four hundred (400) youths between ages 18-30 years (Male=240; Female=160) were selected using a combination of simple random sampling and purposive technique from a population of out-of school youths in Anambra State, Nigeria. Four standardized scales were used for data collection. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) and Multiple Regression were used for data analysis. Findings revealed that resilience (r= 0. 146**p<.05), internal locus of control (r= 0.165** p<.05) and social support (r= 0. 658** p<.05) positively correlated with quality of life respectively. There was significant joint contribution of the independent variables to the prediction of quality of life among the respondents F (5,395) = 102.299, P<0.001). The independent variables (resilience, internal locus of control and perceived social supports) when combined accounted for 50.2% (Adj.R2= .502) of the variance in quality of life among out-of school youths in Anambra State. Resilience was the most potent predictor of quality of life among the variables considered in this study (β =.591, t =10.153, P<0.001). Counselling psychologists should institute resilience-focused therapy to build the practical skills of youths to become capable of handling their everyday challenges in order to have an improved quality of life.Item Social loafing among learner support staff for open and distance education programmes in south-western Nigeria: the imperative for counselling intervention(Taylor & Francis, 2022) Ofole, N. M.A descriptive survey design was adopted to investigate the relationship that exists amongst locus of control, work engagement, organizational reward system, job satisfaction and social loafing among the staff of distance learning programme in South-western Nigeria. Four hundred and forty-seven (males = 184; females = 263) learners support staff with an age range of 22 to 55 years were randomly drawn from open and distance learning universities located in South-western Nigeria. They responded to five standardised self report questionnaires. The results show that the majority (67.6%) of the respondents reported different forms of social loafing. There was a significant gender difference in the social loafing behaviour scores of male and female [t (445) = 0.773, p < 0.01]. Male respondents reported more social loafing behaviour (x? = 40.95) than their female counterparts (x = 25.48). There was a positive relationship between locus of control and social loafing though not significant. The relationship among job satisfaction, work engagements as well as reward system and social loafing were inverse. It concluded that personal and organisational factors predispose workers to social loafing. It is recommended that ODL management should also put in place better systems of reward practice and recognition. Counselling intervention is also required to reorient learner support staff who are loafers at OD institutions.Item An assessment of barriers to uptake of hiv counselling and testing among out-of-school youth in Ebonyi state, Nigeria(Department of Social Work, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2020-06) Ofole, N. M.HIV counselling and testing (HCT) is the entry point to HIV care and supports. There are still major research gaps regarding why there is low uptake of HCT among out-of-school youths. This study examined the barriers to HCT among out-of-school youths in Ebonyi state, Nigeria. Seventy out-of-school youths with age range of 15-24 years and mean years of 18.5 years purposely drawn from artisans in Ebonyi state participated in the study. Three sessions of FGD were held with the 2 age categories (15-18 & 19 - 24 years). In addition to note taking, all the sessions were audio-recorded and transcribed. Content analysis was done and the following themes emerged: (1) dominant barrier to HCT was fear associated with HCT results and stigma. Other barriers include: (2) low level of HIV knowledge, (3) low risk perception and (4) ignorance of HCT location in Ebonyi State. It concluded that there are individual and social factors which act as barriers to out-of-school youths to seek HIV testing in Ebonyi State. To increase youth utilization of HCT service, there is a need to address these barriers when developing a model for out-of-school youths.Item Person-centred therapy in the management of pre-retirement anxiety among federal road safety officers in Edo State, Nigeria(Positive Psychology Association, Nigeria, with headquarters in University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2024-09) Oyedele, M. D.; Adeyemi, A.Pre-retirement anxiety is a challenge facing about to retire officers. It is a state of fear and uneasiness from active work-life is associated with the Federal Road Safety (FRS) officers. Past studies on pre-retirement anxiety among FRS officers concentrated on causal factors with little intervention studies. This study, therefore, investigated the challenges of pre-retirement anxiety within the context of FRS officers in Edo zone comprising Anambra, Delta and Edo states, Nigeria, with cognisant of their occupational stressors, cultural factors and individual experiences. The study was anchored to continuity theory of retirement, while a mixed methods approach was employed to access anxiety levels and psychological wellbeing as well as qualitative interviews to explore the experiences and perceptions of some of the officers undergoing therapy. Purposive sampling was used in selecting the 30 retiring participants (less than five years) into the groups. Participants with 60% and above score on retirement anxiety screening tool with their consent were used in the study. The instruments used were Pre-retirement Anxiety (α=.90) and Social-support (α =.70) scales. Hypotheses were raised and tested. Data were analysed using analysis of Covariance and Scheffe Post-hoc test @ 0.05 level of significance. Results revealed the effectiveness of PCT in managing pre-retirement anxiety of the officers. There was no interaction effect of treatment, gender and social support on pre-retirement anxiety of the officers. Person-centred therapy was effective in managing pre-retirement anxiety among FRS officers. Counseling psychologists should adopt this intervention when handling issues related to pre-retirement anxiety.Item Teaching styles and parental bonding as correlates of academic boredom among undergraduates in Oyo State(Institute of Education, University of Ibadan and MANEDEC Global Synergy Nigeria Limited, Ibadan, 2024) Adeyemi A. O.This study investigates the relationship between teaching techniques, parental bonding, and the factors that lead to academic boredom among undergraduates in Oyo State. The study employed a non-experimental design of correlational research type. A total of 250 undergraduates (107 males and 143 females) were randomly picked from three institutions in Oyo State. The age range of the individuals was between 16 and 26 years, with an average age of 16.83. Three assessments with demonstrated validity and reliability were employed to assess teaching styles, parental bonding, and academic boredom. The data was analyzed using Pearson's Product Moment Correlation and multiple regression at a significance threshold of 0.05. The findings indicated a strong correlation between teaching styles and academic boredom (r=0.21; p<0.05), as well as parental bonding (r=0.33; p<0.05). The combination of teaching styles and parental bonding accounted for 20.8% of the Variation in predicting academic boredom. Furthermore, the study found that teaching styles (ß= -0.39, t=-3.66; p<0.05) and parental bonding (ß=0.366, t=4.91; p<0.05) significantly predicted academic boredom. This could prompt the undergraduates to request the necessary educational resources for their studies. Additionally, it could foster a greater enthusiasm for academic tasks, thereby eliminating feelings of boredom. Therefore, itis recommended that parents should prioritize establishing a deep emotional connection with their children and wards.Item Rational emotive behavioural therapy for enhancing social-emotional well-being of adolescents in Nigeria(Positive Psychology Association, Nigeria with headquarters in Department of Guidance and Counselling University of ibadan, Nigeria., 2020-09) Adeyemi A. O.This study utilized Rational Emotive Behavioural Therapy (REBT) in enhancing social emotional well-being among in school adolescents with the moderating effect of gender. The study adopted a pretest-posttest control group quasi-experimental design with a 2x2 factorial matrix. Two public secondary schools were randomly selected among secondary schools in Oyo State, Nigeria. Twenty-eight (29) participants with low self- esteem and socio-emotional well-being were partially randomised into REBT (14) and control (15) groups. The Intervention lasted eight weeks. The participants were screened and recruited based on scores falling below average on self-esteem scale and socio- emotional well-being scale. Three hypotheses were generated and tested at 0.05 level of significance using Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and Bonferonni Pairwise Comparison. There was a significant main effect of treatment on the socio-emotional well-being of the adolescents with low self-esteem (F (1, 24) = 49.971, p< 0.01, partial η2 = 0. 676). The participants in the REBT group had higher socio-emotional well-being (ẋ=44.27) than those in the control (ẋ=26.04) group. Among the participants in the REBT group, the male participants had higher (ẋ=39.42) score on socio-emotional well-being than their female counterparts (ẋ=30.89). There was no significant two-way interaction effect of treatment and gender on socio-emotional well-being of adolescents with low self-esteem (F (1, 24) = 0.009, p>0.05, η2=0.00). This implies that gender did not significantly moderate the effect of treatment on socio-emotional well-being of adolescents with low self-esteem. Rational Emotive Behavioural Therapy (REBT) was effective in the improvement of socio-emotional well-being of adolescents with low self-esteem. Psychotherapist in various educational settings should conduct continuous diagnosis among adolescents with unusual emotional display or withdrawal disposition. Teachers and parents should always refer adolescents going through emotional trauma or issues to the counsellor in Charge.Item Psychological functioning of working on single mothers: correlational effects of childhood truama, emotional resilence and socio-economic status(Department of Social Work, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2021-06) Adeyemi A. O.Motherhood confers upon the female gender the responsibility of raising children. However, the absence of the paternal role could create an overwhelming effect on working among single mothers leaving them with huge economic and psychological burden to bear. This motivated an examination of the psychological functioning of working on single mothers, considering the correlational effect of childhood trauma, emotional resilience and socio- economic Status. This study adopted correlational research design. A sample of 268 working single mothers was randomly selected from three local government areas (Akinyele, Ibadan North and Ido) in Ibadan, Oyo State. Four reliable measuring scales (Psychological functioning Scale; α = 0. 740, Childhood trauma scale; α = 0.781, Emotional resilience scale; α = 0.736, Socio-economic Status; a = 0.792) were adapted, validated and used for data collection. Pearson product moment Correlation (PPMC), multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The study revealed that psychological functioning of working on single mothers negatively correlated with emotional resilience (r= -0.309, p<0.05), childhood trauma (r= -0.402, p<0.01) and social economic Status (r= -0.202, p<0.01). Multiple regression analysis revealed that the most potent predictor of working on single mothers’ psychological functioning was emotional resilience (ß =.524, t = 10.241, P<0.001), socio- economic Status (ß = .222, t = 4.507, P<0.01), followed by childhood-trauma (ß = -.127, t = - 2.467, P<0.01).It was recommended that employers include diagnoses of employees' childhood trauma Status as part of the Job selection procedure to identify candidates who need urgent psychotherapeutic Intervention. Working single mothers should be counselled to find better Jobs or combine jobs with businesses to boost their socio-economic Status. Also, the working single mothers should be encouraged to boost their emotional resilience by being optimistic, getting social Support and having resilience role model.Item Parent-child relationship, socio-economic status, peer-pressure and self-esteem as predictors of juvenile delinquency behaviour in Ibadan, Nigeria(Wiley-Blackwell, 2020) Adebowale, T.A.; Adeyemi, A. O.Anti-social behaviours are often associated with juvenile delinquency. This societal menace motivated the investigation of parent-child relationship, parental socio-economic status, peer pressure and self-esteem as determinants of juvenile delinquency among adolescents in Ibadan Metropolis. The study adopted correlational survey design. A randomly selected sample of two hundred and twenty (220) secondary school adolescents was used Two research questions were raised and answered while four hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.5 level of significance. Five reliable measuring instruments adapted and validated to form a structured questionnaire were used for data analysis. Pearson product moment correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse the data. The study showed there was a significant relationship between the Independent and Dependent Variables. Multiple regression analysis revealed that: there was a significant joint contribution of Independent to Dependent Variables, the most potent factor was peer-pressure (β=.189, t=2.859, p<.05), followed by self-esteem (β= -.244, t= -3.362, p<.05), parent-child-relationship (β= -.420, t= -5.835, p< .05) and parental socio-economic status (= -.017, t= -.795). This implies that self-esteem and parent-child relationship will reduce juvenile delinquency by 24.4% and 42% respectively while peer-pressure will increase juvenile delinquency by 18.9%. It was therefore recommended that school administrators should constitute a disciplinary committee to checkmate social menace and discipline offenders in the school; Federal Government could build correctional homes to rehabilitate delinquent adolescents for reformation to be useful to themselves and the society at large.Item Assessment of ecological predictors of moral decadence in Oyo State, Nigeria(Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, 2022-06) Fehintola, J. O.; Adeyemi, A. O.This study determined the factors responsible for moral decadence hope that such findings will pave the way to remedy that will help in finding solutions to the challenges facing the adolescents in our society. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design of the ex-post-facto type among the characteristics of the adolescents and young children in Oyo State, Nigeria with the ex-post-facto type. The population of the study cut across the age categories of adults from age 30 and above. Stratified random sampling was used to get the samples for the study. The population involved were male and female and of different ethnic groups with 250 Yoruba, 167 Hausa and 83 Igbo. A self-administered method of data collection was used with a reliable and valid instrument. The instrument was divided into six sections. The first category measured the demographic information of the respondents, while sections B to F measured the government, society, school, religious organisations, the parents and the children themselves a contribution to the adolescents and youths moral decadence in the State. The reliability coefficient of the instrument was 0.87. The instrument response format patterned after the Likert format, ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree. The findings showed that the government, society, parents, school and religious organisations have lost the expected roles on morality. Parenting style, unwillingness to take to correction by the children, get-rich-quick syndrome, parents looking for money at the detriment of taking care of the children, possession of the sophisticated phone, exposure to bad films, the use of hard drugs, broken home; age at marriage, not having good role model, unemployment and so on, and many others are the reasons why the society has experience incivility in the towns and cities. The researcher concluded that the problems with children are caused by the government, schools and religious organisations, society, parents and the children themselves. Recommendations were made that urgent attention should be taken to impart good behaviour in to the life of our adolescents, that schools and religious organisations should do the needful by teaching the fear of God that will make them be good children in the society.Item Self-esteem, social competence, personality and glossophobia among Nigerian undergraduates(Department of Special Education, University of Ibadan, 2021-07) Adeyemi, A. O.Expression of self in the public is relevant to human relationship, social connect and help seeking and survival. However, glossophobia holds a confederation of complex issues, particularly social and health ones. It is capable of averting loneliness, anger, psychological withdrawal, aggression, emotional maladjustment, anomie and suicide ideation. This propelled investigation on the psycho-social factors as tools for glossophobia among Nigeria undergraduates in Oyo State, Nigeria. Descriptive design of the correlational type was employed. A sample of 300 undergraduate students was randomly selected from three universities. Four reliable measuring scales (Speaking Anxiety; a = 0.88, Personality scale; a — 0.82, Self-esteem; a = 0.84, and Social competence; a. — 0.79) were used for data collection. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyse the data at 0.05 level of significance. It was discovered that glossophobia negatively correlated with selfesteem (r- -0.309, p<0.05), social competence (r= -0.402) and personality (r= -0.202). Multiple regression analysis revealed that there was a significant joint contribution of self-esteem, social competence and personality to glossophobia. The most potent predictors of glossophobia were social competence (Beta = -.243, t = -4.817), and self-esteem (Beta = - .211, t = -3.877). Personality (Beta = -.036, t = -.667) was not a potent predictor of glossophobia. This implies that self-esteem, social competence and personality will reduce glossophobia by 18.9%, 24.4% and 42%o, respectively. University managements should include diagnoses of undergraduates' glossophobia status as part of registration procedure to identify candidate who need urgent psychotherapeutic intervention. Undergraduate students should be helped in improving their self esteem so as to boost their self-worth when faced with need to speak or connect with other people. Since students cannot live in isolation in their effort to meet academic demands, lecturers should help them build social competence through giving group assignments.