DEPARTMENT OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING
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Item Social loafing among learner support staff for open and distance education programmes in south-western Nigeria: the imperative for counselling intervention(Taylor & Francis, 2022) Ofole, N. M.A descriptive survey design was adopted to investigate the relationship that exists amongst locus of control, work engagement, organizational reward system, job satisfaction and social loafing among the staff of distance learning programme in South-western Nigeria. Four hundred and forty-seven (males = 184; females = 263) learners support staff with an age range of 22 to 55 years were randomly drawn from open and distance learning universities located in South-western Nigeria. They responded to five standardised self report questionnaires. The results show that the majority (67.6%) of the respondents reported different forms of social loafing. There was a significant gender difference in the social loafing behaviour scores of male and female [t (445) = 0.773, p < 0.01]. Male respondents reported more social loafing behaviour (x? = 40.95) than their female counterparts (x = 25.48). There was a positive relationship between locus of control and social loafing though not significant. The relationship among job satisfaction, work engagements as well as reward system and social loafing were inverse. It concluded that personal and organisational factors predispose workers to social loafing. It is recommended that ODL management should also put in place better systems of reward practice and recognition. Counselling intervention is also required to reorient learner support staff who are loafers at OD institutions.Item Comparative effectiveness of mental contrasting and self-regulation strategies on enhancing goal setting skills of secondary school students in urban Nigeria(Australian International Academic Centre PTY. LTD., 2019) Ofole, N. M.; Adegoke, I. V.Although there is plethora of studies on goal setting skills, there is paucity of experimental studies on this field. This study examined the comparative effectiveness of Mental Contrasting Therapy (MCT) and Self-Regulation Strategies (SRS) on enhancing goal setting skills of students in urban Nigeria. A group of 120 students (male=52, female=68) with age range of 14-17years and mean age of ≥ 13.5years were purposively drawn from secondary schools in urban Nigeria. Each of the intervention groups was exposed to 10 sessions of therapy designed to improve their goal setting skills. The control group served as comparison group. The result revealed a significant main effect of treatments on goal setting skills (F(2,105) =14.958, p<0.05) with the intervention groups demonstrating greater ability to utilize the acquired skills than the comparison group as evidenced on the mean score. The effect size reveals that treatment accounted for 22.2% (η2=0.222) change in the participants’ goal setting skills. Participants treated with SRS reported higher mean score at post-test (X=69.09) when compared with their counterpart in MCT group (X=66.93). Self-efficacy and gender have significant interactive effect with treatments F(4,105) = 6.375, p<0.05, η2=0.195 and F(2,105) =13.561, p<0.01, η2=0.205 respectively. The researchers concluded that though the two therapies were effective, SRS was more potent in enhancing goal setting skills of the participants.Item Sensation seeking behaviours among adolescents in South-Eastern Nigeria secondary schools: need for counselling interventions(2019) Ofole, N. M.This study adopted descriptive survey design to investigate if there is a significant difference in the sensation seeking behaviours of secondary students based on gender, age range and body image. Simple random sampling technique was used to draw 1668 (male=838; female=830) with age range of 10 to 20 years and mean age of 15≥ from schools in South Eastern Nigeria. Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (r=.89) and Dresden Body Image Questionnaire (r=.87) were utilised to collect data. Three hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Data was analyzed using Levenne’s test and Analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result shows that the male has higher sensation seeking behaviours (𝑥̅=77.244) than their female counterpart (x𝑥̅=76.119), however, this difference was not significant (t (1667) =.756 p > 0.5. p=.499). There was significant age difference in sensation seeking behaviours (F (4, 1664) = 7.574, P < 0.05). Respondents in age range of 10 to 12 years has highest mean score (x𝑥̅=74.244) while the least was those between ages 19 and above (x𝑥̅=65.331). There was significant difference (t (1667) = .517 p < 0.5) in sensation seeking behaviours of adolescents in south-eastern Nigeria based on perceived body image. The researcher concluded that the sensation seeking behaviours of students differs based on gender, age, and body image. Recommendations were made based on the outcome of the study.Item Remedial effect of cognitive reframing and self-acceptance therapy on enhancement of optimism among students diagnosed with learned helplessness in Ibadan metropolis(2017) Ofole, N. M.; Omole, O. M.Evidence suggests that learned helplessness impairs learning and contributes to poor academic performance. Regrettably, there is limited empirical literature on intervention to enhance optimism in this population. Therefore, this study examined the effectiveness of Cognitive Reframing (CR) and Self-Acceptance Therapy (SAT) on enhancing optimism among junior secondary school students in Ibadan, Oyo state. Pre-test-post-test control group, quasi experiment design with 3x2x2 factorial matrix was adopted. One hundred and fourteen diagnosed learned helplessness students (Male= 57; Female=57) with age range of 10 to 13 years were purposively drawn from three public secondary schools. The schools were randomly assigned to therapy conditions. Experimental groups were exposed to 10 sessions of therapies. Narvaez Positivity Scale (α =0.73) Quinless and Nelson Learned Helplessness Scale (α=0.77) were utilised for data collection. Results showed that there was a significant main effect of treatment [F (2,101) =13.61; p=0.000<.05, n2=0.21]. Participants treated with CR had superior mean gain (x=59.94) over SAT (X=51.54) and Control Group (X=46.65). There was interactive effect of treatment, gender and age on optimism of secondary school students (F (2,101) = 6.95, p=0.015< 0.05, ƞ2=0.53).This evidence suggests that optimism is amenable to treatment. The researchers recommended the use of the therapies for the remediation of learned helplessness in school settings.Item Impact of emotional maturity on coping with stress among freshmen in South-Western Nigeria Universities(Scholarlink Research Institute, 2017) Ofole, N. M.It is well documented that Nigerian freshmen are not emotionally matured to handle stress associated with transition from secondary school to university. For effective intervention to enhance this competency among this group there is need to ascertain their level of emotional maturity. Ex post survey design was adopted to examine the impact of emotional maturity on coping with stress among freshmen in South-Western Nigerian universities. Simple random sampling technique was utilized in four stages to draw a sample size of 2236 respondents (Male=1021; Female=1215) with age range of 16-20 years (X =19.3; SD=7.2) from three categories of universities in South Western Nigeria (Federal, State and Private). Singh and Bhargava (1991) emotional maturity scale was the only source of data. Descriptive statistics was adopted to answer the first three research questions while t-test for independent samples and ANOVA were used for the fourth and fifth questions respectively. The result revealed that 63.2% of the 2236 freshmen were emotionally immatured to cope with stress. The females reported more emotional maturity than their male counterpart. Respondents between ages 22 and above reported more emotional maturity than their younger counterparts. This study has provided empirical evidence to suggest that freshmen are not emotionally matured to cope with challenges that are experienced in universities in Nigeria. The outcome of this study will sensitize the lecturers and school administration of the need to ameliorate some of the factors predisposing students to stress since the students level of maturity differs. Counselling psychologist should also institute stress management programme for freshmen in other to cushion the effects of stress associated with transition.Item Date rape among undergraduates in south-western Nigerian federal universities(2016) Ofole, N. M.The increasing number of date rapes occurring on University campuses and the need to decrease rape supportive attitudes point to the need for continued research on this field. Correlational survey design was adopted to examine the extent to which attitude towards date rape is associated with the respondents' emotional empathy, beliefs in rape myths and gender. Simple random sampling technique was adopted at three stages to draw one thousand two hundred and sixteen undergraduates comprising 645 (53.2%) males and 571 (46.8%) females from three Federal universities in South-western, Nigeria. Respondents' ages ranged from 16-32 years with mean of 18.21 years. College Date Rape Attitudes Survey (a=0.71); Beliefs about Women Scale (a=0.78) and Multi-Dimensional Emotional Empathy Scale (r=0.77) were adopted for data source. The results of the Product Moment Correlation Coefficient tested at 0.05 level of significance showed that while emotional empathy had inverse relationship with attitude towards date rape, beliefs in rape myths had positive relationship. Attitude towards date rape also differed on the basis of gender. It was concluded that psycho-demographic variables correlated with attitude towards date rape. Rape prevention programmes should therefore be broadened to incorporate strategies that could reverse erroneous rape myths as well as provide appropriate therapies to enhance the emotional empathy of University students.Item Online dating behaviours: an emerging reproductive health issues among undergraduates in Anambra State, Nigeria(2015) Ofole, N. M.This study examined the extent to which personality-type, self-esteem, parental socio-economic status and social network utilization predict online dating behaviours among university undergraduates in Anambra state. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to draw 1,007 respondents (Female=708; Male=299) with age range of 18 to 28 years (x = 17.08; SD= 6.01) from an estimated population of 10, 244 undergraduates in Anambra state universities. Four standardized scales and one researcher developed instrument were utilized. Results of Pearson Product Moment Correlation show that the hypothesized variables have significant positive relationship ranging from .86 to .36 at 0.05 level of significance (2-tailed). Regression Analysis indicates that the independent variables jointly accounted for 84% of the variance in the prediction of online dating behaviours of the respondents. However, parental socio-economic-status made the highest contribution (fi=.368; p< 0.05). The outcome suggests that dispositional and socioeconomic factors correlate with online dating behaviours of the respondents. Counsellors should leverage programme designers to ensure that techniques of identifying users’ profiles especially their personality traits are incorporated into web to enable potential online dates have compatible partners for meaningful and satisfying relationship.Item Determinant of marital satisfaction among young couples in Lagos state, Nigeria(2015) Ofole, N. M.Correlational survey design was adopted to examine the predictive influence of psychological and social factors on marital satisfaction of young couples in Lagos state. Representative sample size of 682 young couples completed measures regarding personality trait, religiosity; parental influence and marital satisfaction. The hypothesized variables have correlation coefficients ranging from r-.123 to .519 with marital satisfaction. Multivariate Regression Analyses indicated that the contribution of the independent variables to the prediction of the dependent variable was significant [F (5. 676] =14.49; p<. 001). They jointly accounted for about 29.5% variation in the prediction of marital satisfaction. Religiosity had the highest contribution (β =. 186, t=5.34; P < 05) while parental influence and gender were not potent in predicting marital satisfaction. The study provides empirical evidence to suggest that psychological and social factors have relationship with marital satisfaction in varying dimensions.Item Moderating effect of attitude and perception on adoption of safer sex practices amongst students in tertiary institutions in Anambra State(Ife Centre for Psychological Studies, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, 2013-12) Ofole, N. M.Attitude and perception strongly predict the adoption of safer sexual practices. Descriptive Survey Design was adopted to examine the moderating effect of attitude and perception of students in tertiary institutions in Anambra state on the adoption of safer sexual practices. Two thousand, five hundred and fifty respondents (Male=1,150 Female= 1,400) with age range of 16 to 28 years (x =20.05; SD=3.6) were drawn from an estimated students population of 25,250 using Stratified Sampling Technique. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. A 22 item self- report questionnaire was used for data collection. Multiple Regression and t-test were used to analyze the data at 0.05 level of significance. Attitude and perception have a joint contribution of 61 % of the variance in dependent variable. However, perception made more potent contribution (Beta= .0.331; t= 3.11; P= <.05) than attitude (Beta= .117; t=2.04; P<.05). Gender and socio-economic background also have significant contribution. There is need for Counsellors in tertiary institutions to mount intensive and comprehensive reproductive health campaign messages that systematically incorporate beliefs, knowledge, attitude and subjective norms to effectively persuade and promote behaviour change among the students.Item Translating the rhetoric of the 2030 agenda into reality: roles of the counselling psychologists(Department of Guidance and Counselling, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 2019) Ofole, N. M.In order to turn the bold dreams and ground-breaking ambition of the 2030 agenda into tangible results and to "meet the needs of the present Nigerians without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs", this paper proposes that counselling services are sine qua non. This stance is premised on the fact that counselling has well documented evidence in assisting individuals to take the right decision or choose a course of action that will benefit all and sundry. Specifically, the paper recommended four major roadmaps for localizing the Sustainable Development Goals, namely; (i) provision of career counselling services (ii) utilising evidence-based practices for recruitment and placement (iii) prevention of human and material wastages traceable to youth restiveness (iv) and last but not least, is changing Mindset (cognitive restructuring) for actualization of SDGs. It concluded that in order to translate the rhetoric of the 2030 agenda into reality there is need to step beyond traditional approaches and consider strategies that are evidence informed and innovative. One of the strategies is to give counselling services prominence in every sector of the economy because it has the capacity of shaping the personal, social, career and emotional behaviours of individuals for optimal performance in every sphere of life.