Arabic & Islamic Studies
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Item Islam in contemporary Africa: re-reading history, contemplating challenges(2016-01) Oladosu, A. A.; Abbas, L. O.This paper is hinged on the following propositions: that any inquiry into the problematic of Islam in contemporary Africa must engage, not only with how the past has shaped the present, but equally with how the latter would likely shape and, in turn, be -shaded by possibilities in the future; that contemporary challenges facing Islam in Africa nests, in the main, in the disconnect between Islam in the text and the fissures in the contexts of Muslim realities all over the world. In exploring these assumptions, this paper casts a fresh look at the history and the unassailable patrimonies of Islam in the continent. It proceeds from there to explore some of the challenges facing the religion in the continent. While projecting into the future, the paper sources its discussion from critical perspectives that have been offered by, among others, Ali Mazrui, Sayyid Hussein Nasr and Talal Asad among others.Item Item Rural da‘wah activities of NACOMYO and GCIAN in Oyo State, Nigeria(2016-06) Abbas, L. O.; Lawal, I. B.Propagation (da'wah) is believed by Muslims to be one of the core components of Islamic duties. This, the itinerant Mallams in Oyo State took it sacrosanct by propagating the Islamic message work to all the nooks and crannies of the state with a particular focus on the rural areas. Moreover, the rural-urban migration of 1970s and 80s coupled with the emergence of the electronic media, made nonsense of itinerant preaching. The situation caused a shift in focus to urban areas to the detriment of rural areas. However, the intervention of National Council of Muslim Youths Organisation (NACOMYO) and Grand Council for Islamic Affairs in Nigeria (GCIAN) reawakened da'wah works in villages and hamlets. Though some levels of achievements were recorded, there is still challenge of its sustainability. The paper adopts both primary and secondary sources of information as well as qualitative method for its interviews.Item Universalising the concept of identity with islamic theological perspective(Department of Religions, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, 2016-06) Abbas, L. O.; Busari, M. O.This paper discussed the universality of the concept of identity from the perception of Islam. This perspective of Islam was deemed necessary as a gap to be filled at ensuring that identity completes its course of universality as a concept. Therefore, the study subjected identity in its types to a Quranic critique with a view to identifying those that are in tandem with the tenets of Islam and those that are at variance with them. The contributions of Islam were critically discussed from four major schools of identity around the Muslim world. These schools with different formational motives and objectives were identified as the traditionalist, the reactionary, the non-conformist and the modernist. The paper argued that the four schools of identity, inspit of their differences, were formed with the aim of achieving the same goal of the preservation of the sanctity of Islam but using different theological mechanisms. With the perspectives of Islam, identity as a concept was adjudged to have completed as cycle of universality. Conclusively, it was advanced that the primary basis in the formation of the four schools identity is the Quran. As such, the basis should be used as the yardstick for rejecting any of the views expressed by those schools or their likes which may come on board to further contribute to the concept of identity from Islamic viewpoints.Item The impact of itinerant scholars on the propagation of islam in Ibadan, Nigeria(David Publishing, 2016-07) Abbas, L. O.; Lawal, I. B.The advent of Islam in Ibadan, in about 1829, was made possible by the arrival of some Muslim scholars from the Northern part of the country. They were Igun Olorun, Ahmad Qifu and Uthman Baasunu who respectively became the first three Imams in the city. For the spread of the faith, these Mallams and their indigenous disciples adopted education and preaching methods. For education, they established Qur’anic schools in almost all quarters and villages where people were taught Arabic language to enable them perform the ritual worship. These schools were later upgraded to Madaris where standard Arabic education and culture are taught up till the present. As for preaching (da‘wah), open air services were organized where fundamentals of Islam viz.: Tawhid, Salat, Sawm, Zakat and Hajj were taught. Other ones include good neighborliness, duties of parents to children and vice versa as dictated by the Islamic law (Shari‘ah).Item A study of students' dispositions to tertiary education in selected modern arabic schools in Ibadan(Department of Religious Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria., 2015) Abbas, L. O.The percentage of students seeking admission into tertiary institutions to study either Arabic or Islamic Studies is worrisome and thus calls for an investigation. To this end, the study investigated the attitudes of the students of modem Arabic schools in Ibadan to tertiary education with a bid to establishing the factors wholly responsible for or partially resulting in the rarity recorded in the admission to study the twin subjects of Arabic and Islamic Studies at tertiary level. The study employed purposive sampling technique in selecting four modem Arabic Schools in the city of Ibadan where one hundred and seventy-two (172) copies of a questionnaire were administered among the students. Also, eleven (11) students of these modem Arabic schools were randomly sampled for interviews. Responses elicited from the respondents were quantitatively and qualitatively analysed to answer three research questions. From the findings, it was observed that virtually all the sampled Arabic schools in Ibadanland do prepare their students adequately for the rigours of tertiary education in addition to self-equipment of most of the students who are already secondary school certificate holders. Unfortunately, this statistical revelation does not reflect in the quota of students being admitted to study Arabic, Islamic Studies and other related courses at the tertiary stage in the Southwest. The findings revealed that some graduates of these Arabic schools who find themselves in various tertiary institutions in Nigeria and abroad are influenced by the outstanding status and achievements of their role models. This is without prejudice to the obstacle put by poverty in the way of many others to pursue tertiary educationItem African muslim diaspora: the genesis of contemporary global islamic radicalism(British Journal Publishing Incorporated, 2015) Abbas, L. O.African diaspora is a phenomenal history of primordial occurrence ostensibly buried alive in a shallow grave. Its seeming resurrection in contemporary time has become a reality seeking a global attention. One of the flying wings of that reality which can never be clipped is religion. Being a diehard cultural pivot, religion connotes different things to different people at different times. It is the totality of life to the average living majority of African Muslims in diaspora. Religion, especially Islam, in contemporary time, has become a form of science that requires a concentrate study by all and sundry. This is because religion has graduated from its hitherto personal status into an interpersonal one with global security implications. Most people now see the unfortunate incident of terrorism that occurred in United States on September 11, 2001 as the genesis of the current global Islamic radicalism. This view totally contradicts historical facts as it undermines the real cause of today’s religious restiveness around the world. More than a decade before the US terrorism incident, there had been a signal pointing towards a possible religious turbulence at the dawn of the 21st century. But the signal was tactically ignored and treated as a non-issue. Today, many factors, like slave trade, religious dichotomy and economic insensitivity of former colonial masters still remind Africans in diaspora of their conditions. That reminder is like a whirl wind which should be calmed to allow peace in the 21st century. The modalities to adopt for it are some of the issues to be addressed in the body of this paper.Item The law of rajm (stoning) in Islam: legality and controversies(Jemilah Publishers, 2015) Abbas, L. O.Item The Instrumentalism of rosary in contemporary textual interpretations of muslims(Alogsy Publications, 2015-04) Abbas, L. O.; Busari, M. O.This paper made an effort to examine the rosary as a spiritual instrument and one of the emblems and identifiers of Muslims world over. Not only that, the controversies expressed over its use and significance in Islam attracted a ’ research attention. Therefore, the exposition was a deliberate attempt to verify the source and the incursion of this identifier into the world of Islam. Besides, the significance of the identifier in terms of uses were subjected to juristic and holistic criticisms with the aim of differentiating the puritanical uses of the rosary from its abusive instrumentalization. The paper also did a critical assessment of texts of ahadith which scholars of Islam interpreted differently to argue on the legality or otherwise of the use of the rosary in Islam. From the findings of the study, the origin of the rosary was discovered to have predated the advent of Islam while its significance was established to have gone beyond the four walls of the mosque. As for the controversies generated among scholars concerning the position of Islam on its use, different interpretations of texts and association with diverse Muslim groups were found responsible. To some, the use of the rosary was considered an innovation while some others viewed it as Sunnah of the Prophet (S.A.W.). To some other people, its use was seen as compulsory and as an integral part .of Salat and supplication. In the concluding part of the study, it was argued that as much as the rosary is put to puritanical uses, the controversies surrounding its use are frivolous, needless and capable of creating discord among Muslims from different groups and diverse backgrounds.Item Muslim/christian politics of religion in Nigeria: the shariah application and the religious foundations of global muslim engagement with modernity(Academic Journals, 2014-05) Abbas, L. O.; Uthman, I. O.Contrary to the traditional modernist theories that development and progress can can be achieved through the western secular modernizing project, many Islamic societies are rejecting modernisms and the modernization project to borrow (arnason 2003), “as an organic globalization process” but not “as a globalizing civilization in the plural.” This paper differentiates between Islamic modernity and western modernity, and within this theoretical framework, demonstrates how muslins in Nigeria differ from Christians on the shariah application and the relation between religion and state. It also examines how this engagement reflects global muslins commitment to progress and development without submitting to a uniform, integral and singular modernist theory. Then paper, while comparing this engagement with modernity in both Nigeria and Malaysia, submits that the politics of religion playing out in Nigeria where many Muslim and Christians denigrate and resent each other in the “name of God” amidst their rivalry for the control of the country’s resource could be bought to an end if Nigeria adopts the Malaysians modern model of modernity which has fused religion (Islam) and development , while rejecting some aspect of western modern modernity like western democracy, comprehensive secularism liberalism and Greek rationality.