Arabic & Islamic Studies
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Item Forest management practices from islamic perspective(The Department of Religious Studies, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria., 2016-06) Kareem, M. K.Today, the world is facing the problem of global warming and other environmental crises and malaises; and the effect of these phenomena has serious implications on the survival of man. Many researchers have looked at the problem from different perspectives with a view to finding sustainable solutions. Not much attention has been given by both Muslims and non-Muslims to the Islamic directives on forest management, one of the ways by which the global warming and other environmental crises can be abated. It is against this backdrop that the paper aims at examining the Islamic directives on forest management. A descriptive approach and textual analysis of the Qur’an and the Sunnah were adopted in carrying out this research. The study finds that taking care of the environment is tantamount to good deeds, and as good as other acts stated in the Qur’an and the Sunnah. It shows the honour given to trees and environment. The paper presents how trees mop-up carbon dioxide, a green house gas, from the atmosphere and replenish the oxygen content to give man clean air; fix atmospheric nitrogen to rejuvenate the soil; reduce use of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer and emission of nitrous oxide (N2O). It is against Islamic teachings to cut trees or abuse forests without genuine reason. Therefore, adoption of the teachings of Islam in the areas of forest management can go a long way in changing peoples’ attitude positively towards its use and sustainability.Item Adult education, Islam, and socio-economic development(The Islamic Cultural Centre and London Central Mosque, London, 2017) Kareem, M. K.; Bankole, A. S.Seeking education knows no bounds, age, gender and race in the ancient and modem world. In Islam, the first act (Q2:31-33) and Quranic revelation about 1437 years ago was on education and knowledge acquisition (Q96:l-5). Education is undeniably important and cannot be overemphasized in all the affairs of man, whether social, political, economic and spiritual. This paper, therefore, examines the concept, importance and role of adult education in general and Islamic perspective of adult education in particular relating these to socio-political and economic development. This is done with a view to hypothesizing that education, whether for adults or youths, dictates the level of social and economic development because one cannot give what one does not have. Thus, education can have no ending because it is life. Being a qualitative study, the researchers utilize descriptive methodology to analyze data on adult education to support the paper’s arguments. Findings reveal that Islam provides solutions educationally to resource constraints (human and material) which are the major determinants of the sustainability of social and economic development, the abandonment of which culminated in underdevelopment, crass illiteracy, poverty, ignorance and discouragement of scientific enquiry. The paper analyzed many Quranic verses that encourage man (as homo sapiens) to think, ponder, reflect and discover improved ways of socio-political and economic life for sustainable development (e.g. Q27:69 and Q29:20). The paper recommends properly targeted and delivered adult education to end social strife in today’s world.Item Forest management from islamic perspectives(2017) Kareem, M. K.Today, the world is facing the problem of global warming and other environmental crises and malaises; and the effect of these phenomena has serious implications on the survival of man. Many researchers have looked at the problem from different perspectives with a view to finding sustainable solutions. Not much attention has been given by both Muslims and non-Muslims to the Islamic directives on forest management, one of the ways by which the global warming and other environmental crises can be abated. It is against this backdrop that the paper aims at examining the Islamic directives on forest management. A descriptive approach and textual analysis of the Qur’an and the Sunnah were adopted in carrying out this research. The study finds that taking care of the environment is tantamount to good deeds, and as good as other acts stated in the Qur’an and the Sunnah. It shows the honour given to trees and environment. The paper presents how trees mop-up carbon dioxide, a green house gas, from the atmosphere and replenish the oxygen content to give man clean air; fix atmospheric nitrogen to rejuvenate the soil; reduce use of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer and emission of nitrous oxide (N2O). It is against Islamic teachings to cut trees or abuse forests without genuine reason. Therefore, adoption of the teachings of Islam in the areas of forest management can go a long way in changing peoples’ attitude positively towards its use and sustainability.Item Inflation and the macro economic problems in Nigeria: an islamic perspective(Class Publishers, 2013-04) Kareem, M. K.One of the most crucial macroeconomic problems for most countries of the world is inflation. Although many countries particularly the developed countries experience rise in prices, the extent of the rise is so small that may go unnoticed by their people. However, this is not the case in Nigeria where it is double digit and with no signs of slowing down. In this paper, inflation in the conventional economy is discussed in the light of Islamic economy. It also examines if Shari'ah allows protection against inflation for the lender in a financial transaction. The effects of inflation rates on interest rates in Nigeria and how they can be controlled using Islamic finance are also examined. Islam supports zero rate of interest. However, it is indifferent to zero inflation inasmuch as it is not caused by human factors. If full employment prevails, the rate of inflation will be zero. The paper shows that inflation is allowed to some extent while indexation is not allowed because of injustice. An Islamic economy is not prone to a high rate of inflation due to some built-in stabilizers. We note some characteristics of Islamic finance that can prevent inflation from occurring or at the least can reduce the negative effects of inflation in an Islamic economy.Item The impact of itinerant scholars on the propagation of islam in Ibadan, Nigeria(David Publishing, 2016-07) Abbas, L. O.; Lawal, I. B.The advent of Islam in Ibadan, in about 1829, was made possible by the arrival of some Muslim scholars from the Northern part of the country. They were Igun Olorun, Ahmad Qifu and Uthman Baasunu who respectively became the first three Imams in the city. For the spread of the faith, these Mallams and their indigenous disciples adopted education and preaching methods. For education, they established Qur’anic schools in almost all quarters and villages where people were taught Arabic language to enable them perform the ritual worship. These schools were later upgraded to Madaris where standard Arabic education and culture are taught up till the present. As for preaching (da‘wah), open air services were organized where fundamentals of Islam viz.: Tawhid, Salat, Sawm, Zakat and Hajj were taught. Other ones include good neighborliness, duties of parents to children and vice versa as dictated by the Islamic law (Shari‘ah).Item Understanding insurance from islamic perspective(Department of Religions, University of Ilorin, 2017) Kareem, M. K.Without insurance, the business world may not be sustainable since all businesses have their inherent risks and therefore, may not have capacity to accommodate them particularly in this ever changing global economy. Managing the risks then becomes imperative. It is against this backdrop that this paper examines how insurance and takaful (Islamic Insurance) can protect the public, insurance policy holders and consumers; and thus build a strong national takaful industry to foster economic development. From the historical perspective, the paper reviews the operation of insurance right from the pre- Islamic period. The main purpose of this paper is to address the compatibility and non-compatibility of insurance in relation to Islam through a comparison of insurance and takaful. By comparing the two, it is possible to evaluate the benefits of takaful over conventional insurance. From the theoretical analysis employed, we found that the concept of insurance does not contradict the dictates of Islam. However, some of the means and methods that are currently being used in the conventional insurance are not Shari'ah compliant. From the analysis of theoretical aspect, a Shari'ah compliant Takaful must be devoid of riba (interest), gharar (uncertainty) and cooperation in sins. The paper also shows that despite the long history of insurance, the attempt to introduce takaful in Nigeria has not gained enough ground for only a few conventional insurance companies such as African Alliance Insurance, Niger Insurance Plc and Cornerstone Insurance Plc have added takaful to their operations. No full-fledged takaful company is in existence. With Guidelines 2013, issued by the National Insurance Commision, many insurance companies should be established to serve as backbones for emerging the Islamic finance in Nigeria.