Geology
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Item Strengthening academic linkages and collaboration in universities(Graduate School, University of Calabar, 2004-07) Olayinka, A.Item Policy thrust and new direction of postgraduate programme in the University of Ibadan(2002-02) Fagbemi, B. O.; Olayinka, A.; Popoola, L.Item Application of resistivity soundings for borehole siting in crystalline basement areas of Southwestern Nigeria(International Commission for Earth Sciences in Africa, 1998) Olayinka, A. I.This paper establishes the reasons why the resistivity sounding technique is the preferred geophysical tool in borehole siting in crystalline basement areas of southwestern Nigeria. It also identifies ways in which its use could be optimized. Factors for the widespread use of the technique include its relative cheapness, accuracy of depth determination, suitability in differentiating between the overburden and the fresh bedrock, speed of survey, popularity (and acceptability), and availability oi equipment. Due to the Superposition of lateral variations in resistivity on sounding data, some 62% of the sounding curves from the study area are characterized by a terminal branch rising at an angle exceeding 45°. In all the sounding data presented the terminal branch of the curve Starts rising at Wenner electrode spacing of less than or equal to 32 m. It is recommended that the maximum electrode spacing (AB/2 or a) should not be more than 150 m. Moreover, due to the irregular nature of the bedrock topography the Separation between adjacent sounding centres should not exceed 100 m, thus permitting an adequate sampling of the subsurface. This approach might prove helpful in other basement areas.Item Integrating the past with the present for efficient administration of the university system(University of Ibadan Publishing House, 2025-02) Olayinka, A. I.Item The leadership question in national development(2025-03) Olayinka, A. I.Item The Reader’s journey: navigating national development through the lens of literacy(Obafemi awolowo university press, 2025-04-22) Olayinka A.IThere are some 13 countries in the world where the adult literacy rate is 100%. In Africa, the three leading countries in terms of the adult literacy rates are Seychelles (95.9%), Equatorial Guinea (95.3%) and South Africa (95%), respectively. On the other hand, Nigeria is ranked 36th out of the 54 countries of Africa with a low adult literacy rate of 62%, comprising 71.3% for Male and 52.7% for Female in 2018. Moreover, about 18.3 million children in Nigeria are out of school, with 10.2 million of primary school age and another 8.1 million of junior secondary school age. This number represents one in every five of the world's out-of-school children, making the country home to the largest number of out-of-school children globally. The literacy index in Nigeria is poor in spite of the fact that the National Policy on Education (2013) clearly stipulates that Basic Education, the education given to children aged 0 to 15 years, shall be compulsory, tuition-free, universal and qualitative. The low literacy rate in Nigeria has adversely affected the Gross Domestic Product per capita and the Human Development Index. By prioritizing literacy, which can be acquired through formal education, informal education and self-directed learning, including personal reading and exploration, and addressing the challenges that limit access to education, the full potential of individuals can be unlocked, and thereby promote sustainable development and growth. The ways University Libraries can promote Information Seeking Behaviour are outlined in this paper.Item Repositioning Nigerian university system: perspective of an insider. Selected speeches of Professor Emeritus Ayo Banjo in commemoration of his 80th birthday(Ibadan University Press Publishing House, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria., 2014) Olayinka, A. I.Item GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION OF LEAD IN SOILS, SEDIMENTS AND DUSTS OF IBADAN AND LAGOS, SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA(2018-03) AFOLABI, O.OThe presence of Heavy Metals (HM) in soils, sediments and dusts are good indicators of contaminations of urban environment. Lead (Pb) is of grave concern amongst other HM because of its toxic impact on the environment and human health. Previous studies on HM have focused on the determination of concentrations and spatial distribution in various Nigerian cities. However, the geochemical fate and nature of Pb in Nigeria's environmental media is relatively unknown. This study was therefore designed to quantify and characterize Pb in soils, sediments and dusts from Ibadan and Lagos, Southwestern Nigeria. A total of seventy-three composite soils, 56 sediments, 17 road dusts and 10 representative rock samples were collected randomly from the cities of Ibadan and Lagos. Soil, sediment and dust samples were air-dried, screened, pulverised and sieved through 63µm nylon mesh. The sieved fractions and pulverised rock samples were digested using standard methods and analyzed for elemental components using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer, (ICP-MS). The chemical fractionations of Pb in the samples were determined by sequential analysis. Lead isotopes compositions of the samples were determined using quadrupole-based ICP-MS. Petrological and mineralogical analyses of rocks and other samples were determined using X-Ray Diffraction. The geochemical data were subjected to statistical analyses using Pearson correlation and R-mode factor analyses. Lead Isotopic Ratios (LIRs) and geo-accumulation indexes were used in evaluating and discriminating Pb sources. The concentration (ppm) of Pb in soils, sediments and dusts for Lagos were: 21.0-1963.0; 23.0-830.0 and 22.0-830.0; while in Ibadan soils and sediments were: 13.0 - 470.0 and 17.0-3288.0; respectively. For rock samples from Ibadan and Lagos, the values were: 2.9-20.3 and 2.8-7.2 ppm. Chemical fractionation (%) of Pb were: organic-sulphide (42.78-82.45); reducible (8.23-27.20); carbonate (9.00-43.60) and exchangeable (0.01-0.23) phases, respectively. Lead isotopes (ppm) showed that 204Pb ranged 1.72-47.41; 206Pb, 30.69-779.68; 207Pb, 27.00-664.46 and 208Pb, 65.67-1642.27 in Ibadan samples while that of Lagos were: 204Pb, 1.43 - 31.00; 206Pb, 25.26 - 509.74; 207Pb, 21.96-446.22 and 208Pb, 52.61-1089.93. Ibadan and Lagos rocks Pb isotopes (ppm) were: 204Pb, (0.02-0.07 and 0.03-0.06); 206Pb, (0.56-2.33 and 0.56-1.21); 207Pb, (0.38-1.56 and 0.47-1.01) and 208Pb, (1.19-4.13 and 1.22-2.57), respectively. Quartz, microcline, k-feldspar, plagioclase and kaolinite were the preponderant minerals in powdered rocks, soils and sediments. An enrichment of radiogenic Pb (206Pb, 207Pb and 208Pb) were observed in soils, sediments and dusts relative to their local background values, an indication of anthropogenic origin of Pb. The plots (208Pb/207Pb)/(206Pb/207Pb) revealed that over 80% of Pb in the environmental media was derived from anthropogenic sources. The LIRs of soils, sediments and dusts were characterised by lower 208Pb/206Pb ratios while the bedrocks had higher 208Pb/206Pb. Lead contents of the soils, dusts and sediments in most parts of the two cities were significantly higher than the natural background levels and held in chemically active geochemical phases. The lead types are more of the radiogenic types and this portend great risk to the environment and public health.Item The future of Nigerian university system(Ekiti State University Press, 2024-04-02) Olayinka, A. I.The Nigerian University System (NUS) currently comprises a total of 264 Universities, 53 of which are owned by the Federal Government, 62 owned by the various State Governments while the remaining 149 are Privately owned. The total student population is in the region of Two Million and Five Hundred Thousand. In this lecture, we have examined the issue of access, quality, funding and governance as they affect the NUS. Interrogating data published by the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) over the period 2017 to 2023 we present quantitative, verifiable and objective assessment of addressing the question of equity in the adoption of Educationally-Less- Developed-States (ELDS) as a criterion for the selection of candidates for admission into undergraduate programmes in Nigerian Federal Universities. A trend analysis of contemporary events shows that the Nigerian University System will continue to grow, rather haphazardly and in an unplanned manner, in leaps and bounds especially in terms of student enrollment. Without a concomitant strengthening of leadership and governance, a substantial increase in funding for teaching and learning facilities, conduct of advanced research that is locally relevant and globally competitive (including but not limited to issues of food security, lagging economic development, climate change, reduction of carbon emission, natural resources degradation, insecurity), payment of decent wages to the knowledge workers amidst the continued exodus of the best and the brightest from the country, quality and relevance of the Universities in ensuring sustainable socio-economic development might suffer. A major feature of the Public Universities (Federal- and State-owned) which currently accounts for about 95% of the total student enrollment is incessant strikes by members of the various staff unions which has led to a cumulative loss of six years and three months in the last 32 years. Funding has been implicated as the root cause of these strikes. In order to be competitive there should be synergy between the Governments as university proprietors for a moratorium on these disruptive strikes. Conscious efforts should be made to internationalise in terms of student enrollment and the recruitment of academic staff. Some of the States on the current list of ELDS, in particular Kwara and Kogi, have posted excellent results and are now in the First Quartile justifying that they ought to be taken off the list. The same applies to Nasarawa which is in the Second Quartile. On the other hand, Lagos and the Federal Capital Territory are in the Fourth Quartile and if the ELDS is to be retained both should be included in the list. The National Council on Education should take a closer look at this recommendation with a view to implementing same. To the extent that the absence of a Governing Council hampers the proper functioning of a University and is an anathema to University Autonomy, it is our considered recommendation that the National Assembly should as a matter of urgent national importance amend the Universities (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment) Act, 2003 in Section 2A as to provide that if the Council of a Federal University is dissolved, a new Council shall be constituted not later than three months.Item The future of Nigerian university system(Ekiti State University Press, 2024) Olayinka, A. I.Abstract The Nigerian University System (NUS) currently comprises a total of 264 Universities, 53 of which are owned by the Federal Government, 62 owned by the various State Governments while the remaining 149 are Privately owned. The total student population is in the region of Two Million and Five Hundred Thousand. In this lecture, we have examined the issue of access, quality, funding and governance as they affect the NUS. Interrogating data published by the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) over the period 2017 to 2023 we present quantitative, verifiable and objective assessment of addressing the question of equity in the adoption of Educationally-Less- Developed-States (ELDS) as a criterion for the selection of candidates for admission into undergraduate programmes in Nigerian Federal Universities. A trend analysis of contemporary events shows that the Nigerian University System will continue to grow, rather haphazardly and in an unplanned manner, in leaps and bounds especially in terms of student enrollment. Without a concomitant strengthening of leadership and governance, a substantial increase in funding for teaching and learning facilities, conduct of advanced research that is locally relevant and globally competitive (including but not limited to issues of food security, lagging economic development, climate change, reduction of carbon emission, natural resources degradation, insecurity), payment of decent wages to the knowledge workers amidst the continued exodus of the best and the brightest from the country, quality and relevance of the Universities in ensuring sustainable socio-economic development might suffer. A major feature of the Public Universities (Federal- and State-owned) which currently accounts for about 95% of the total student enrollment is incessant strikes by members of the various staff unions which has led to a cumulative loss of six years and three months in the last 32 years. Funding has been implicated as the root cause of these strikes. In order to be competitive there should be synergy between the Governments as university proprietors for a moratorium on these disruptive strikes. Conscious efforts should be made to internationalise in terms of student enrollment and the recruitment of academic staff. Some of the States on the current list of ELDS, in particular Kwara and Kogi, have posted excellent results and are now in the First Quartile justifying that they ought to be taken off the list. The same applies to Nasarawa which is in the Second Quartile. On the other hand, Lagos and the Federal Capital Territory are in the Fourth Quartile and if the ELDS is to be retained both should be included in the list. The National Council on Education should take a closer look at this recommendation with a view to implementing same. To the extent that the absence of a Governing Council hampers the proper functioning of a University and is an anathema to University Autonomy, it is our considered recommendation that the National Assembly should as a matter of urgent national importance amend the Universities (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Amendment) Act, 2003 in Section 2A as to provide that if the Council of a Federal University is dissolved, a new Council shall be constituted not later than three months