DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
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Item LAND INHERITANCE AND ITS RELATION TO AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN ONDO DIVISION, WESTERN STATE, NIGERIA(1972-07) ADEGEYE, A. J.The study was aimed at finding the relationship between land inheritance and agricultural development in Ondo division of Western State of Nigeria. Chapter one was devoted to the review of the economy of Western State, the requisites for agricultural development and the relationship between land inheritance and the requisites for agricultural development. The nature of our problem was considered in relation to the present mode of production, the rising population and the probable land shortage. Chapter two was devoted to the methodology and the setting of the thesis. Among others, it considered reasons for choosing Ondo division for a case study, the sources of data and their limitations. Chapter three considered land inheritance in theory and in practice. It reviewed the various meanings and interpretations of inheritance. Finally, we considered case studies of some selected countries. Chapter four was devoted to the analysis of the situation in Ondo division. It was divided into three sections. The first part discussed the inheritance pattern in Ondo division, the second part discussed agriculture and the third part related inheritance to agricultural development. Chapter five was devoted to the policy implication of the study. Our recommendations in this chapter include: (l) The imposition of death duties proportional to number of plots (2) Empowering local authorities to control the farms of those who die without wills. (3) That state farms organised as joint-stock companies should he introduced, where the government and farmers would he shareholder (4) That multi-cooperatives should he encouraged. (5) That individual ownership should he encouraged. Chapter six was devoted to the summary of the thesis. Major findings summarised in the chapter include (1) That land inheritance merely accentuates the process of fragmentation of holdings. Main causes were found to be the techniques of cultivation and safety in face of dangerous animals. (2) That the presence of the part-time farmers in farming, instead of being to the detriment of agriculture, is a blessing, since they bring innovation and capital to agriculture. However, in some cases, it leads to the growth of absentee landlordism. (3) That injection of capital and its efficient use in agriculture is impeded by aversion to borrowing, unwillingness to use inherited lands as collateral and the small sizes of farms. (4) That strangers though permitted in some cases to own farms, cannot decide to transfer their lands as they wish, (5) That consolidation of holdings may not be the answer to the fragmentation of holdings in this area, since in our situation, the farms to be consolidated involve cash-crops of varying ages.Item RETURNS TO INVESTMENTS IN COCOA RESEARCH IN NIGERIA(1978-09) ABIDOGUN, A.The low level of agricultural productivity in many countries of the Third world constitutes a drag on economic development. In any effort to break the deadlock technological change is sine qua non. “Aid” and “technical assistance” have proved generally disappointing as means of stimulating change increasingly, developing countries have become painfully aware that development has to be internally generated In this whole process scientific and technological research is of crucial significance. The organisation of agricultural research in Nigeria is examined and its impact on agricultural productivity evaluated. It is concluded that the performance of agricultural research has been generally poor. However there seems to be some notable exception. The phenomenal increase in cocoa output over the years has often been linked, among other factors, with the introduction of improved varieties and control of pests and diseases. There is thus some indication that cocoa research may have been productive in the past. But how significant has been the contribution of research to cocoa output? Can the value of such contribution vis-a-vis its costs stand the test of social profitability? This study attempts to estimate empirically the returns to investments in cocoa research in Nigeria. For this purpose two models are developed. The first is the index-number model in which the productivity index of improved cocoa varieties is used to measure the downward shifts in the long-run cocoa supply function as a way of estimating the annual values of resource "savings” resulting from increased productivity. The annual 'values of resource savings (representing the social returns) are then weighed against the costs in terms of annual research (including extension) expenditures. The estimated internal rate of return from the resulting cash flow is found to be very high. The second model is a production function incorporating research (including extension) expenditure as an explanatory variable. The result of regression analysis on time series data indicates a high level of significance for the research variable. Converting the research coefficient into an internal rate of return the result obtained corroborated that of the index-number approach. A major implication of the findings is that there has been gross under-investments in cocoa research in the past. It thus deserves a greater share of resources on grounds of allocative efficiency. Furthermore, given the high pay-offs from investments in cocoa research, it could serve as a model in terms of organizational structure, system of financing, staff recruitment and training policy, etc., thus providing valuable insights into more effective means of mobilising scarce resources for greater productivity in the lagging sectors of agricultural research.Item Impact of policy changes on technical efficiency on farmaers: empirical evidence from Nigerian small scale food crop farmers(Journal of rural economics and development, 2008) Ajibefun, A.I.; Adenegan, K.O.The study quantitatively determine the impact of policy changes on technical efficiency of small scale food crop farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria, using the stochastic frontier methodology. Given the specifications of the Cobb-Douglas stochastic models, the result shows that the elasticity of mean value of farm output is an increasing function of land, labour and implementation. The mean value of output is also estimated to be an increasing function of agrochemicals and seeds. The results indicated that an increasing returns-to scale exists among the farmers. The analysis shows a wide variation in the estimated technical efficiencies ranging between 0.22 and 0.89. The result of stimulation on policy variation shows thatthe level of technical efficiency would significantly increase with rising level of education, farming experience and amount of credit used and decline with the age of the farmers.Item Report of sensitisation of marginalised and vulnerable groups under the national fadama development project-II in Ogun State(Ogun State Fadma Development Office(OG5FDO)., 2005) Yusuf, S.A.; Adeoti, A. Y. A.; Adenegan, K.O.Item Food security among cocoa farming households of Ondo State, Nigeria(APRN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 2009) Oluyole, K. A.; Oni, O. A.; Omonona, B. T.; Adenegan, K. O."In Nigeria, it has been documented that cocoa farmers devote most of their resources toward cocoa production at the detriment of food crop production because they derive more income from cocoa. There is, however, a dearth of information about the consequence of this practice on the food security status of cocoa farming households. In this study, the food security status of cocoa farming households of Ondo State, Nigeria was examined. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 200 respondent households from the study area in 2007. Information was collected from the respondents with the aid of structured questionnaire and the data obtained from the information were analyzed using Descriptive statistics, Food Security Index, Surplus/Shortfall Index and Probit model. The food security line was N2500.50 per month per adult equivalent. Based on this, 43% of the total sampled households were food secure while 57% were food insecure. Food secure households exceeded the calorie requirements by 12% while food insecure households fell short of calorie requirements by 9%. A unit increase in farming experience of household head (p<0.05), output of roots and tubers (p<0.05), output of cereals (p<0.05) and output of cocoa (p<0.01) increases the probability of household to be food secure by 0.0088, 0.00021, 0.000087 and 0.00049, respectively while a unit increase in household size (p<0.01) and age square of household head (p<0.1) decreases the probability of household to be food secure by 0.23 and 0.000074, respectively. A high percentage of households was food insecure, hence, cocoa farming households in the study area could be said to be food insecure "Item Elasticities of resource- use in fish production: A case study of Oyo agricultural zone, Oyo State(African journal of livestock extension, 2009) Oguntolu, O. Z.; Adenegan, K.O.This paper examined the elasticities of resource use in fish production in Oyo agricultural zone, Oyo state. The data used is from a primary source. The instruments of data collection were structured questionnaire and in-depth interview. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed to sample 120 fish farmers. However, only 100 respondents were valid and used in the final stage of this work. Descriptive, Gross Margin Analysis (GM) and inferential statistics (production function) were employed in the analysis of the data. The results of the analysis shows that labour, number of fingerlings, feed, fertilizer and years of experience contribute to increase in fish output, while age of the pond, area of the pond, lime and production period decrease the fish output in the study area. However, the total sum of elasticities of production of the variables was greater than unity that is 1.97Item Food security among cocoa farming households of Ondo State, Nigeria(ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 2009) Oluyole, K. A.; Oni, O. A.; Omonona, B. T.; Adenegan, K. O."In Nigeria, it has been documented that cocoa farmers devote most of their resources toward cocoa production at the detriment of food crop production because they derive more income from cocoa. There is, however, a dearth of information about the consequence of this practice on the food security status of cocoa farming households. In this study, the food security status of cocoa farming households of Ondo State, Nigeria was examined. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 200 respondent households from the study area in 2007. Information was collected from the respondents with the aid of structured questionnaire and the data obtained from the information were analyzed using Descriptive statistics, Food Security Index, Surplus/Shortfall Index and Probit model. The food security line was N2500.50 per month per adult equivalent. Based on this, 43% of the total sampled households were food secure while 57% were food insecure. Food secure households exceeded the calorie requirements by 12% while food insecure households fell short of calorie requirements by 9%. A unit increase in farming experience of household head (p<0.05), output of roots and tubers (p<0.05), output of cereals (p<0.05) and output of cocoa (p<0.01) increases the probability of household to be food secure by 0.0088, 0.00021, 0.000087 and 0.00049, respectively while a unit increase in household size (p<0.01) and age square of household head (p<0.1) decreases the probability of household to be food secure by 0.23 and 0.000074, respectively. A high percentage of households was food insecure, hence, cocoa farming households in the study area could be said to be food insecure. "Item Impact of policy changes on technical efficiency on farmaers: empirical evidence from Nigerian small scale food crop farmers(Journal of rural economics and development, 2008) Ajibefun, A.I.; Adenegan, K.O.The study quantitatively determine the impact of policy changes on technical efficiency of small scale food crop farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria, using the stochastic frontier methodology. Given the specifications of the Cobb-Douglas stochastic models, the result shows that the elasticity of mean value of farm output is an increasing function of land, labour and implementation. The mean value of output is also estimated to be an increasing function of agrochemicals and seeds. The results indicated that an increasing returns-to scale exists among the farmers. The analysis shows a wide variation in the estimated technical efficiencies ranging between 0.22 and 0.89. The result of stimulation on policy variation shows thatthe level of technical efficiency would significantly increase with rising level of education, farming experience and amount of credit used and decline with the age of the farmers.Item Seasonality in cowpea prices: effect of technology in Ekiti State, Nigeria(Journal of researches in agricultural sciences, 2007) Adenegan, K.O.; |Awoyemi, T.T.; Edom, C.O.The study, Seasonality in Cowpea Prices: Effect of Technology in Ekiti State, was done to actually know the impact of technology in stabilizing the prices of cowpea in off- season and on-season from the first quarter of 1992 to the fourth quarter of 2002. It was found out that the people of Ekiti State consumed or demanded for higher quantities of cowpea during the second and fourth quarters of each year examined for the study. These two quarters were seen to be the harvesting and sales periods of the red or brown beans, and this also coincided with quarters of lower prices of the cowpea. The vector error correction result showed that among all the variables used, only the cost of applying' technology (i.e. cost of the use of fertilizers, herbicides, pesticides, storage devices and transportation) was significant, and should have impacted a great influence in stabilizing the seasonal prices of cowpea but this was not the case as rightly shown by coefficient of the error correction, 0.3 85456, which is positive (wrongly signed) and fairly low. It follows that from the findings that only a few farmers and wholesalers of cowpea applied technologies to improve the shelf lives of their products, and therefore cannot influence the market price of cowpea. The state and local Governments of Ekiti State should put in place policies and structures like good road networks within the state, affordability and availability of agricultural pesticides and herbicides, improvement on the available agricultural storage facilities, building of more modern storage facilities, and buying of excess agricultural produces in the on-season to release them in the open market during the off-season in other to stabilize prices at all seasons, as well as, to reduce the loses to the farmers and marketers.Item Determinants of food security status of rural households living with HIV/AIDS in Southwestern Nigeria(African Journal of Biomedical Research, 2007) Adenegan, K.O.; Adewusi, O.A.The study assessed the determinants of food security status of households living with HIV /AIDS in Southwestern Nigeria. Eighty-five people living with HIV/AIDS were interviewed for the study, Descriptive statistics, cost of calorie measure and the Logit model were used in analyzing the data collected. The result shows that there is high prevalence of food insecurity among the households living with HIV /AIDS. The result of the Logit model also shows that gender, education, monthly food intake (Kcal), total monthly income, drug share and food share significantly influence the food security status of the households living with HIV/AIDS. To improve the food security status of households living with HIV/AIDS, it is recommended that economic policy should be directed towards the reduction of the food prices, thus reducing the food share of the household monthly expenditure
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