Scholarly Works
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/325
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Item Motivated by public Interest or private gain: an investigation into newspaper reportage of code of conduct tribunal trials in Nigeria(Centre for Black and African Arts and Civilization, 2012-01) Odebiyi, S. D.; Elegbe, O.Studies have shown how political affiliation of newspapers affects coverage, of corruption trials of politicians. This study investigated the different frames in newspaper reportage of the Code of Conduct Tribunal trials of two prominent political figures in Nigeria (Bukola Saraki and Bola Tinubu). Using Framing Theory, three newspapers (The Nation, Guardian and Nigerian Tribune) were purposively selected based on national spread, sustained publication of the trials, and party-affiliation. Four hundred and eighty-four editions from 2015 to 2017 of each, totaling 1,552 were selected and content-analysed. One social commentator and one media scholar, both based in Ibadan, Oyo State were interviewed. Findings revealed that 83.1 % episodic frames focused on sensationalism and elite/party squabbles while 16.9% thematic frames were based on structural causes, and solutions to corruption. However, political-affiliation and ownership pattern determined how the corruption trials were framed. The portrayal of the two individuals was affected by the ownership pattern and political-affiliation of the newspapers. Therefore, the Nigerian Press Council (NPC) should promote ethics and social responsibility for proper professionalism of journalism practice in Nigeria.Item Nigerian journalists' awareness of, and adherence to, social responsibility and pro-development principles(Faculty of Arts, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2019) Kolawole, R. A.; Ojebuyi, B. R.Journalism is a sacred profession that has been accorded significant recognition as an institution that services the modern democratic system. Therefore, journalists are expected to be well-grounded in both the practical aspects and those fundamental doctrines that explain how the mass media should perform to serve the social system, especially in African nations with emerging democracy and development deficiencies. Existing Nigerian studies on media performance have examined media coverage of development issues, press freedom, media ownership and objectivity in the context of democracy. However, journalists' awareness of the media roles as specified by Social Responsibility and Developmental tenets, and factors that influence adherence to such tenets have not received enough scholarly attention. This study was, therefore, designed to examine Nigerian journalists' level of awareness of the tenets of the social responsibility and developmental frameworks to establish the journalists' adherence to such frameworks and the factors influencing the adherence. Through a mixed-methods design, data were generated from journalists and manifest contents of selected Nigerian newspapers. The majority (80.5%) of Nigerian journalists sampled were not aware of the media roles as stipulated by the tenets of Social Responsibility and Development Media theories. Overall, the journalists confirmed low adherence to the principles of the two theories and identified profit-making (35.0%) and ownership (25.0%) as factors militating against adherence to the tenets of these theories by some journalists. Low adherence to social responsibility and developmental principles by journalists has negative consequences for democratic success in Nigeria as a country with developmental deficits.Item PERFORMANCE OF NIGERIAN NEWSPAPERS IN SELECTED POLITICAL CRISIS SITUATIONS(2015-04) ABIMBOLA, Raphael OlugbengaThe press in a democratic setting sets the agenda for the society through news reports, incisive features, editorials and commentaries. Previous studies on press performance, especially during political crisis situations, concentrated more on the extent of reports of such crises and rarely investigate the factors that influence the reportage. This study, therefore, evaluated the performance of the Nigerian newspapers in their coverage of selected political crisis situations in terms of magnitude and frames with a view to identifying how ownership, editorial policies and other factors influenced such performance. The study was anchored on News Framing theory and it adopted the Propagandist, Commercial laissez-faire and Public service models. The selected political crisis situations covered the period between 2005 and 2011: President Obasanjo‘s alleged third-term agenda; the constitutional crisis arising from President Yar‘Adua‘s absence from office and the violent protests that greeted the 2011 presidential elections in the northern part of Nigeria. Daily Trust, The Punch, The Guardian, Nigerian Tribune and The Sun were purposively selected because of their locations and ownership. Five hundred editions were selected through the systematic random sampling technique while ten editors of the newspapers were purposively selected for in-depth interviews. A nine-item coding sheet and a nine-item in-depth interview guide were the instruments of data collection. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and chi-square at P=0.05 level of significance. Explanation building through thematic approach was used to analyse the qualitative data. Yar‘adua‘s illness featured more in the newspapers with 37.0% reports than the third-term agenda and election protests with 31.0% each.Small-sized reports were more prominent than large-sized. The newspapers were more negative in framing election protests (51.3%) and Yar‘adua‘s illness (45.4%) than the third-term agenda (37.2%). The Daily Trust had more favourable reports on Yar‘adua‘s illness and third-term agenda, while other newspapers had more negative reports on the issues. All the newspapers had more negative reports on the election protests. There was a significant difference in the framing of reports among the newspapers: Nigerian Tribune (x = 70.3), Daily Trust (x = 65.0), The Sun (χ = 64.8), The Guardian (x = 63.8), and The Punch (x = 60.1). There was no significant relationship between the editorial policies and performance of the newspapers. The performance rate across the five newspapers differed: Nigerian Tribune (74.4%), The Guardian (71.1%), The Punch (55%), The Sun (51.8%) and the Daily Trust (37.3%).However, the editors perceived that editorial policies, rather than ownership, covertly guided the newspapers‘ operations during the political crisis situations. Ethnicity or sectional interest, funding, production deadline and access to information were other factors that influenced performance. The performance of the newspapers during the political crisis situations varied slightly in terms of magnitude and report framing due to editorial policies. To enhance performance, newspapers should evolve editorial policies that will guarantee fair and balanced report framing and put the public interest above the primordial, sectional and commercial interests of the owners. Key words: Nigerian newspapers, Political crisis situations, Newspapers performance, Ownership of newspapers, News framing. Word count: 484Item Nigerian newspapers’ use of euphemism in selection and presentation of news photographs of terror acts(Sage Publications, 2018-03) Ojebuyi, B. R.; Salawu, A.Selection of photographs is part of the complex process of creating the multimodal textual elements that news editors use to represent and interpret social reality. This article, guided by Aristotle’s golden mean and Halliday’s theoretical notion of metafunctions, used critical visual analysis to examine the nature of photographs that news editors of Nigerian newspapers selected and used to frame news stories about acts of terrorism by the Boko Haram sect. The pattern established through the visual analysis shows that, although the stories of terror act by the Boko Haram sect present deviant and negative social realities, news editors of the selected newspapers exercised ethical restraint by choosing images with nuanced configurations that are less likely to amplify moral panic or intensify horrid feelings. Using euphemistic photographs to tell stories about terror acts is a demonstration of ethical responsibility that has great implications for public peace especially in an African country like Nigeria with security concerns.