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Item PREVALENCE, ANTIBIOGRAM AND BIOFILM PRODUCTION OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES FROM FAECES AND FOETUSES of slaughtered pregnant cows: environmental AND PUBLIC HEALTH IMPLICATIONS(2021) Adesokan, H. K; Kehinde, E. G.The indiscriminate slaughter of pregnant animals which characterizes most developing countries poses increasing environmental and public health risks from Listeria monocytogenes infections which are endemic in such settings. The available reports show increasing trends of Listeria monocytogenes infections in both humans and animals in Nigeria. This study examined the prevalence, antibiogram and biofilm production of L. monocytogenes from faeces and foetuses of slaughtered pregnant cows in Ibadan Central Abattoir, Nigeria. Faecal (n = 118) and foetal (n = 118) swabs were cultured and isolates tested for antibiotic susceptibility by Kirby-Bauer assay, while biofilm production was quantified following the standard procedures. The data were analysed using the Chi Square and Student’s t-test at P < 0.05. Listeria monocytogenes were isolated from five (4.2 %) and three (2.5 %) faeces and foetus swabs, respectively, without significant association with sample type (P = 0.50). The isolates were resistant to all the antibiotics tested except gentamicin; with significantly higher production of biofilm by those from foetal samples (P = 0.012). The detection of widespread antibiotic- resistant L. monocytogenes from faeces and fetuses has important environmental and public health implications, given the risk of contamination through faecal shedding and foetal handling. The biofilm production by the pathogen connotes its ability to persist in the environment, suggestive of the challenging effects to its control. Campaigns against indiscriminate slaughter of pregnant animals, and proper hygiene are advocated to ultimately safeguard human and animal health.Item Antibiotic Use and Resistance Development: Exploring Livestock Owners' Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices in south-western Nigeria.(0020) ADESOKAN, H.K; ADETUNJI, V.O; AGADA, C.A; ISOLA, T.O.Antibiotic injudicious use and resistance development remains a growing public health concern globally putting the livestock industry and human health at stake, given the resulting increasing emergence of resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria. Despite this, the role of livestock owners who manage the majority of the national herds in most developing countries especially Nigeria remains largely un-investigated. We conducted a qualitative study among 216 randomly selected livestock owners in south-western Nigeria to explore their knowledge, attitudes and practices on antibiotic use and resistance development using semistructured questionnaires. Data were analysed using SPSS version 15.0. The results revealed indiscriminate use of antibiotics by the livestock owners on ready-for-sale cattle. Only 49.54% had good knowledge which was significantly associated with tertiary education (p = 0.01) and 81.02% were unaware of antibiotic withdrawal period. Also, approximately two-thirds (63.89%) had poor attitudes with only 11.11% concerned with the need to observe withdrawal periods. In addition, 91.67% claimed that their veterinarians had never advised them to observe withdrawal period and 95.37% had never observed it. Poor professional attitudes of the so-called veterinarians as well as lack o f law enforcement against uncontrolled sales of veterinary drugs were attributed to the livestock owners' poor knowledge, attitudes and practices. The role of livestock owners should be considered when designing programmes towards preventing antibiotic injudicious use and resistance development. Furthermore, efforts geared towards regulating sales of veterinary drugs as well as enforcement of veterinary professional ethics are needed to safeguard antibiotic effectiveness in both animals and humans, now and in the near future.