Scholarly works in Veterinary Medicine

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/575

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End date: 2009

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    The prevalence of gram negative bacteria in bovine mastitis among dairy herds in Nigeria
    (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2009) Amosun, E.; Olatoye, O. I.; Adetosoye, A. I.
    The dairy industry in Nigeria has not been well developed due to several factors of which bacterial mastitis play a prominent role. The current study was to determine the prevalence of gram negative bacteria in clinical cases of bovine mastitis from different ecological zones of Nigeria. Bacteriological examination of milk samples from 200 clinically infected cows was performed through characterization of replicate samples. A total of 205 isolates belonging to three bacteriological genera were identified. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa had prevalence of 53.66%, 32.68% and 13.66% respectively. The isolates were widely distributed across the southern, middle belt and northern Nigeria with prevalence of 38.05%, 32.68% and 29.68% respectively. There was significant difference (p<0.05) in the prevalence of different isolates from across the regions. The result is of economic and public health importance due to cross contamination of milk from cows in the same herd and as a result of traditional unhygienic hand milking method employed by the herdsmen. Consumption of such unpasteurized milk is also a frequent occurrence among the rural dwellers; this could lead to milk borne zoonoses, while the reduction in milk production due to these infections caused economic losses. Control and prevention of these infections through hygienic milking operation, herd health and husbandry education of the traditional herdsmen will help to improve productivity of the dairy industry in Nigeria.
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    Bacteriological investigation of bovine clinical mastitis in two selected farms in Ibadan, Oyo State of Nigeria
    (College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines, 2005) Amosun, E. A.; Ajuwape, A. T. P.; Adetosoye, A. I.
    Bacteriological examination was performed on 60 and 40 milk samples of clinical mastitic udders from Akinyele and Iyana Offa farms, Ibadan, respectively. A total of 251 bacterial isolates belonging to 5 bacteriological genera were recovered from the milk of the mastitic cows examined. Approximately 70% and 76% of the Staphylococci isolated from the milk of mastitic cows in Akinyele and Iyana Offa farms, respectively, were coagulase positive. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen in this study with an incidence of 39.0% while the coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species had an incidence of 3.6%. Other bacteria isolated include Streptococcus agalactiae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, each with an incidence of 7.6%, while Streptococcus uberis showed an incidence of 18.7% . Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae showed an incidence of 11.2% and 12.4%, respectively. The bacteria encountered in this investigation are among the pathogens that have been incriminated as contaminants of fresh milk meant for human consumption and are therefore of public health importance.
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    The bacterial flora of the upper respiratory tract of normal rabbits
    (Israel Veterinary Medical Association, 2002) Ajuwape, T. P.; Aregbesola, E. A.
    The nasal bacterial flora of 108 apparently healthy rabbits housed th aphylococcus aureus were coagulase positive. Other notable bacteria isolated luteus 9%; Escherichia coli 6%; Streptococcus zooepidemicus 4% and Pseudomonas aerugino
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    Biochemical characterization of staphylococci isolated from rabbits
    (Israel Veterinary Medical Association, 2002) Ajuwape, A. T. P.; Aregbesola, E. A.; Ademola, E. B
    Coagulase activities of rabbit strains of staphylococci were tested using sterile human, rabbit and goat plasmas. Human plasma produced the most satisfactory coagulase sensitivity while the rabbit plasma was least sensitive. Human plasma tube coagulase gave a positive reaction within one hour, whereas rabbit and goat tube coagulase tests took two hours to complete. All 108 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from clinically healthy rabbits fermented glucose, mannitol, sucrose, dulcitol and sorbitol, 98.1% fermented maltose and trehalose; 89.8% fermented lactose while only 46.3% fermented xylose. Urease activity was also high among the rabbit strains of staphylococci investigated.