Veterinary Medicine
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Item Antimicrobial resistance among commensal Escherichia coli from cattle faeces and beef in Ibadan, Nigeria(Academic Journals, 2012) Amosun, E. A.; Ojo, O. E.; Alao, I. K.; Ajuwape, A. T. P.Commensal bacteria contribute to the distribution and persistence of antimicrobial resistance in the environment. This study monitored antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli from the faeces of on-farm and slaughter cattle and beef. A total of 342 (89.5%) E. coli isolates were obtained from 382 samples. Isolation rate of E. coli was 90.0% in on-farm cattle, 87.1% in slaughter cattle and 92.2% in beef. Overall, the isolates showed resistance to amoxicillin (97.9%), ampicillin (97.9%), cefuroxime (25.1%), chloramphenicol (69.3%), ciprofloxacin (11.7%), cotrimazole (45.9%), erythromycin (59.4%), gentamycin (36.5%), nalidixic acid (27.2%), nitrofuratoin (54.9%), norfloxacin (21.1%), ofloxacin (14.0%), streptomycin (78.9%) and tetracycline (33.9%). There were no significant differences in antimicrobial resistance of E. coli from the different sample types. Only four (1.2%) of the 342 isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents, while 338 (98.8%) were resistant to at least one of the tested antimicrobial agents. Multi-drug resistance to three or more antimicrobials was observed in 321 (93.9%) of all the isolates. Forty-one resistance groups were observed in on-farm cattle, 30 in slaughter cattle and 34 in beef. All the 30 resistance groups found in slaughter cattle were also present in on-farm cattle and beef. ‘AmoAmpChlEryNitStr’ and ‘AmoAmpChlStr’ were the predominant resistant patterns. This study confirmed on-farm and slaughter cattle as important sources of antimicrobial resistant E. coli transmissible to humans through beef.Item Biochemical and serological characterization of Mycoplasma from bovine clinical mastitis in southwest and northern Nigeria(Mycoplasma bovis, Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides, Mycoplasma capricolum, Mycoplasma arginini, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2010) Amosun, E. A.; Ajuwape, A. T. P.; Adetosoye, A. I.The primary objective of this study was to isolate and characterize the mycoplasma species present in clinical cases of mastitic cows in Southwest and Northern Nigeria and to determine the prevalence of mycoplasma mastitis in dairy cows. Two hundred milk samples were collected from cases of clinical mastitic cows in Ibadan,Ilorin and Kaduna. Mycoplasma was isolated from thirty-two milk samples, these milk samples were analysed bacteriologically and mycoplasmologically. The recovered pathogens were characterized biochemically using various tests. The mycoplasma species were also serologically identified by growth inhibition tests (GIT) using antisera produced in Rabbit against the mycoplasma strains. The Mycoplasma species identified from this include: 13 isolates of Mycoplasma bovis; 8 isolates of Mycoplasma mycoides sub sp. mycoides; 7 isolates of Mycoplasma capricolum and 4 isolates of Mycoplasma arginini. Other pathogens isolated include: Streptococcus species, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonsa aeruginosa. Based on the public health and economic significance of mycoplasma spp identified in this study, couple with the fact that consumption of such unpasteurized milk is a frequent occurrence among the rural dwellers which could result in milk borne zoonoses, it is suggested that fresh milk should be properly pasteurized before consumption by humans. Key words : Bovine; Mastitis; Biochemical;Serological;Mycoplasma; Nigeria.