Veterinary Medicine
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/574
Browse
5 results
Search Results
Item Antimicrobial resistance among commensal Escherichia coli from cattle faeces and beef in Ibadan, Nigeria(Academic Journals, 2012) Amosun, E. A.; Ojo, O. E.; Alao, I. K.; Ajuwape, A. T. P.Commensal bacteria contribute to the distribution and persistence of antimicrobial resistance in the environment. This study monitored antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli from the faeces of on-farm and slaughter cattle and beef. A total of 342 (89.5%) E. coli isolates were obtained from 382 samples. Isolation rate of E. coli was 90.0% in on-farm cattle, 87.1% in slaughter cattle and 92.2% in beef. Overall, the isolates showed resistance to amoxicillin (97.9%), ampicillin (97.9%), cefuroxime (25.1%), chloramphenicol (69.3%), ciprofloxacin (11.7%), cotrimazole (45.9%), erythromycin (59.4%), gentamycin (36.5%), nalidixic acid (27.2%), nitrofuratoin (54.9%), norfloxacin (21.1%), ofloxacin (14.0%), streptomycin (78.9%) and tetracycline (33.9%). There were no significant differences in antimicrobial resistance of E. coli from the different sample types. Only four (1.2%) of the 342 isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents, while 338 (98.8%) were resistant to at least one of the tested antimicrobial agents. Multi-drug resistance to three or more antimicrobials was observed in 321 (93.9%) of all the isolates. Forty-one resistance groups were observed in on-farm cattle, 30 in slaughter cattle and 34 in beef. All the 30 resistance groups found in slaughter cattle were also present in on-farm cattle and beef. ‘AmoAmpChlEryNitStr’ and ‘AmoAmpChlStr’ were the predominant resistant patterns. This study confirmed on-farm and slaughter cattle as important sources of antimicrobial resistant E. coli transmissible to humans through beef.Item Biochemical and serological characterization of Mycoplasma from bovine clinical mastitis in southwest and northern Nigeria(Mycoplasma bovis, Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides, Mycoplasma capricolum, Mycoplasma arginini, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2010) Amosun, E. A.; Ajuwape, A. T. P.; Adetosoye, A. I.The primary objective of this study was to isolate and characterize the mycoplasma species present in clinical cases of mastitic cows in Southwest and Northern Nigeria and to determine the prevalence of mycoplasma mastitis in dairy cows. Two hundred milk samples were collected from cases of clinical mastitic cows in Ibadan,Ilorin and Kaduna. Mycoplasma was isolated from thirty-two milk samples, these milk samples were analysed bacteriologically and mycoplasmologically. The recovered pathogens were characterized biochemically using various tests. The mycoplasma species were also serologically identified by growth inhibition tests (GIT) using antisera produced in Rabbit against the mycoplasma strains. The Mycoplasma species identified from this include: 13 isolates of Mycoplasma bovis; 8 isolates of Mycoplasma mycoides sub sp. mycoides; 7 isolates of Mycoplasma capricolum and 4 isolates of Mycoplasma arginini. Other pathogens isolated include: Streptococcus species, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonsa aeruginosa. Based on the public health and economic significance of mycoplasma spp identified in this study, couple with the fact that consumption of such unpasteurized milk is a frequent occurrence among the rural dwellers which could result in milk borne zoonoses, it is suggested that fresh milk should be properly pasteurized before consumption by humans. Key words : Bovine; Mastitis; Biochemical;Serological;Mycoplasma; Nigeria.Item Bovine streptococcal mastitis in Southwest and Northern States of Nigeria.(Biomedical Communications Group, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2010) Amosun, E. A.; Ajuwape, A. T. P.; Adetosoye, A. I.An investigation was carried out to identify the streptococci species isolated from clinical cases of bovine mastitis in Kwara, Kaduna and Oyo States of Nigeria. Milk samples from 200 clinically mastitic udders were bacteriological studied. A total of 130 streptococci isolate belonging to six species of streptococci, namely S. uberis, S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae, S. epidemicus, S. bovis, S. equinus were recovered from the milk examined. Streptococcus uberis was the most frequently encountered species with an incidence of (55.4%) followed by Streptococcus agalactiae (24.6%), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (12.3%) Streptococcus zoopidemicus (3.9%) Streptococcus bovis (2.3%) and Streptococcus equinus (1.5%). These species of streptococcus are of great public importance.Item Bacteriological investigation of bovine clinical mastitis in two selected farms in Ibadan, Oyo State of Nigeria(College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines, 2005) Amosun, E. A.; Ajuwape, A. T. P.; Adetosoye, A. I.Bacteriological examination was performed on 60 and 40 milk samples of clinical mastitic udders from Akinyele and Iyana Offa farms, Ibadan, respectively. A total of 251 bacterial isolates belonging to 5 bacteriological genera were recovered from the milk of the mastitic cows examined. Approximately 70% and 76% of the Staphylococci isolated from the milk of mastitic cows in Akinyele and Iyana Offa farms, respectively, were coagulase positive. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen in this study with an incidence of 39.0% while the coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species had an incidence of 3.6%. Other bacteria isolated include Streptococcus agalactiae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, each with an incidence of 7.6%, while Streptococcus uberis showed an incidence of 18.7% . Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae showed an incidence of 11.2% and 12.4%, respectively. The bacteria encountered in this investigation are among the pathogens that have been incriminated as contaminants of fresh milk meant for human consumption and are therefore of public health importance.Item Biochemical characterization of staphylococci isolated from rabbits(Israel Veterinary Medical Association, 2002) Ajuwape, A. T. P.; Aregbesola, E. A.; Ademola, E. BCoagulase activities of rabbit strains of staphylococci were tested using sterile human, rabbit and goat plasmas. Human plasma produced the most satisfactory coagulase sensitivity while the rabbit plasma was least sensitive. Human plasma tube coagulase gave a positive reaction within one hour, whereas rabbit and goat tube coagulase tests took two hours to complete. All 108 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from clinically healthy rabbits fermented glucose, mannitol, sucrose, dulcitol and sorbitol, 98.1% fermented maltose and trehalose; 89.8% fermented lactose while only 46.3% fermented xylose. Urease activity was also high among the rabbit strains of staphylococci investigated.