Veterinary Medicine
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Item Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli O157 contamination of beef and chicken in municipal abattoirs of Southwest Nigeria(Marsland Press (East Lansing, Michigan), 2012) Olatoye, I. O.; Amosun, E. A.; Ogundipe, G. A. T.Indiscriminate antibiotics usage in food animals and unhygienic meat processing could predispose meat consumers to risks of antibiotic resistant bacterial contamination and infection. This study investigated thè contamination of meat ffom cattle and chicken slaughtered for human consumption with E. coli 0157:H7 at thè metropolitan abattoirs and slaughtered slabs of selected poultry farms in Lagos and Ibadan, Nigeria. The aim was to compare thè prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattems across thè different locations and climatic seasons. The organism was isolated by cultural method using selective media and confirmed serologically using latex agglutination kits (OxoidR IJK). Antibiotic susceptibility to ten antimicrobial agents was performed by disc diffiision method using commercial Grana negative discs. Out of 800 meat samples collected, thè overall prevalence of 17.1% (comprising of 19.8% and 14.5% of beef and chicken respectively) was obtained. The prevalence of E. coli 0157:H7 in beef ffom Ibadan and Lagos were 28.5% and 11.0%, while those of chicken from Ibadan and Lagos markets were 13.0% and 14.0%, and ffom Ibadan and Lagos farms were 18.0% and 13.0% respectively. The prevalence of E. coli 0157 was significantly higher in beef compared to chicken (p<0.05), while during wet season, contamination of beef was also higher than in dry and significantly higher in beef from Ibadan than Lagos abattoir. All thè isolates were resistant to one or multiple antibiotics, but thè highest resistance of 91.1 % was to tetracycline and nine different resistance pattems were observed among thè isolates. Indiscriminate antibiotics usage in livestock predisposes meat consumers to risks of antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli 0157:H7 in Southwest Nigeria. Regulatory control of antibiotics usage in livestock production, meat hygiene and pharmaco-epidemiological surveillance in food animals is hereby recommended to ensure consumer safetyItem Isolation and antibiotics susceptibility patterns of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 from selected dairy herds in Nigeria(African Union, InterAfrican Bureau for Animal Resources (AU-IBAR), 2012) Amosun, E. A.; Olatoye, I. O.; Adetosoye, I. A.This study determined the safety of milk from dairy herds obtained by hand milking method from two major cattle producing States of Nigeria by investigating the presence of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Forty seven milk samples from Kwara and 63 from Kaduna States were obtained from selected indigenous breeds of dairy cow. Bacteriological analysis by culturing on MacConkey agar (MAC) and subcultured on Sorbitol MacConkey agar (SMAC) were done. Escherichia coli 0157.H7 were confirmed serologically using latex agglutination kits (OxoidR UK). The isolates were tested for susceptibility to five commonly used antimicrobial agents and plasmid transfer was also carried out using E. coli K12 356 recipient. Out of the 61 non-Sorbitol fermenting (NSF) E. coli isolated from the samples 33(30.0%) were confirmed as E .coli 0157.H7 serotype. Antibiotic Susceptibility profile showed that all the isolates were resistant to one or multiple antibiotics, resulting in six different resistance patterns. Sulphadimidine resistance was the highest with all the isolates (100%) exhibited resistance to this drug while streptomycin had the highest sensitivity. Out of the seventeen E.coli 0157.H7 isolates tested for plasmid transfer, eleven (64.7%) transferred their resistance to the sensitive E. coli K12 356 enblock, while the remaining six showed segregation. The preponderance of E. coli O157 in this study indicated that greater proportion of milk being produced for human consumption in Nigeria were not wholesome and could posed threat of transmission of zoonotic pathogens. The high proportion of multidrug resistance exhibited by the isolates and the plasmid transfer is of public health significance as they could confer resistance on both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacterial population in the consumers. More so, the milk which were obtained traditional unhygienic hand milking are either consumed raw or improperly pasteurized. Hygienic milking, pasteurization and judicious use of antibiotics after properly diagnosis and sensitivity test against newer antibiotics are recommended.