Veterinary Medicine

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Author: search.filters.author.Jeremiah, O. T.Has files: Yes

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    Antibiotic sensitivity of some bacteria isolates isolated from scouring calves from some farms in Oyo and Ogun States, Nigeria
    (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2018) Olaogun, S. C.; Jeremiah, O. T.; Jubril, A. J.
    Diarrhoea in young pre-weaned calves is one of the most important causes of calf morbidity and mortality. Information on this multi-aetiological condition is scanty in Nigeria. Therefore, we studied the prevalent bacteria and antibacteria susceptibility to various bacterial isolates from faecal samples of suspected cases of calf scours in Oyo and Ogun States of South-western Nigeria. One hundred and twenty calf faecal samples (120) from various breeds of cattle showing clinical manifestation of scours were screened for bacterial agents in two farms in Oyo and five farms in Ogun States. Isolation and identification were done using standard procedures, while antibiotic sensitivity was done using Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion method. Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. were identified. Out of all the calves, 19 calves (15.8%) were positive for bacteria agents, E. coli was isolated from 12 calves (10%), Salmonella spp. was isolated in 10 calves (8.3%) and Campylobacter spp. was isolated in 1 calf (0.8%). Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that the most sensitive antibiotics were Meropenem (91.3%) and Amikacin (82.6%) while the least sensitive was Ampicillin (21.7%). Therefore Meropenem is the most sensitive antibiotic and recorded the highest percentage sensitivity in all the three bacteria pathogens isolated, while Ampicillin appeared to be the least sensitive antibiotic to virtually all the pathogens isolated. Meropenem is therefore recommended as the drug of choice for the management of bacteria calf scours. The isolation of highly pathogenic E.coli 0157 from calf scour cases reaffirmed cattle as a reservoirs host which may enter the food chain and poses a faeco-oral potential public health hazards.
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    Antibiotic sensitivity of some bacteria isolates isolated from scouring calves from some farms in Oyo and Ogun States, Nigeria
    (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2018) Olaogun, S. C.; Jeremiah, O. T.; Jubril, A. J.
    Diarrhoea in young pre-weaned calves is one of the most important causes of calf morbidity and mortality. Information on this multi-aetiological condition is scanty in Nigeria. Therefore, we studied the prevalent bacteria and antibacteria susceptibility to various bacterial isolates from faecal samples of suspected cases of calf scours in Oyo and Ogun States of South-western Nigeria. One hundred and twenty calf faecal samples (120) from various breeds of cattle showing clinical manifestation of scours were screened for bacterial agents in two farms in Oyo and five farms in Ogun States. Isolation and identification were done using standard procedures, while antibiotic sensitivity was done using Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion method. Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. were identified. Out of all the calves, 19 calves (15.8%) were positive for bacteria agents, E. coli was isolated from 12 calves (10%), Salmonella spp. was isolated in 10 calves (8.3%) and Campylobacter spp. was isolated in 1 calf (0.8%). Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that the most sensitive antibiotics were Meropenem (91.3%) and Amikacin (82.6%) while the least sensitive was Ampicillin (21.7%). Therefore Meropenem is the most sensitive antibiotic and recorded the highest percentage sensitivity in all the three bacteria pathogens isolated, while Ampicillin appeared to be the least sensitive antibiotic to virtually all the pathogens isolated. Meropenem is therefore recommended as the drug of choice for the management of bacteria calf scours. The isolation of highly pathogenic E.coli 0157 from calf scour cases reaffirmed cattle as a reservoirs host which may enter the food chain and poses a faeco-oral potential public health hazards.
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    Antibiotic sensitivity of some bacteria isolates isolated from scouring calves from some farms in Oyo and Ogun States, Nigeria
    (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2018) Olaogun, S. C.; Jeremiah, O. T.; Jubril, A. J.
    Diarrhoea in young pre-weaned calves is one of the most important causes of calf morbidity and mortality. Information on this multi-aetiological condition is scanty in Nigeria. Therefore, we studied the prevalent bacteria and antibacteria susceptibility to various bacterial isolates from faecal samples of suspected cases of calf scours in Oyo and Ogun States of South-western Nigeria. One hundred and twenty calf faecal samples (120) from various breeds of cattle showing clinical manifestation of scours were screened for bacterial agents in two farms in Oyo and five farms in Ogun States. Isolation and identification were done using standard procedures, while antibiotic sensitivity was done using Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion method. Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. were identified. Out of all the calves, 19 calves (15.8%) were positive for bacteria agents, E. coli was isolated from 12 calves (10%), Salmonella spp. was isolated in 10 calves (8.3%) and Campylobacter spp. was isolated in 1 calf (0.8%). Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that the most sensitive antibiotics were Meropenem (91.3%) and Amikacin (82.6%) while the least sensitive was Ampicillin (21.7%). Therefore, Meropenem is the most sensitive antibiotic and recorded the highest percentage sensitivity in all the three bacteria pathogens isolated, while Ampicillin appeared to be the least sensitive antibiotic to virtually all the pathogens isolated. Meropenem is therefore recommended as the drug of choice for the management of bacteria calf scours. The isolation of highly pathogenic E.coli 0157 from calf scour cases reaffirmed cattle as a reservoirs host which may enter the food chain and poses a faeco-oral potential public health hazards.
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    Antibiotic sensitivity of some bacteria isolates isolated from scouring calves from some farms in Oyo and Ogun States, Nigeria
    (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 2018) Olaogun, S. C.; Jeremiah, O. T.; Jubril, A. J.
    Diarrhoea in young pre-weaned calves is one of the most important causes of calf morbidity and mortality. Information on this multi-aetiological condition is scanty in Nigeria. Therefore, we studied the prevalent bacteria and antibacteria susceptibility to various bacterial isolates from faecal samples of suspected cases of calf scours in Oyo and Ogun States of South-western Nigeria. One hundred and twenty calf faecal samples (120) from various breeds of cattle showing clinical manifestation of scours were screened for bacterial agents in two farms in Oyo and five farms in Ogun States. Isolation and identification were done using standard procedures, while antibiotic sensitivity was done using Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion method. Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. were identified. Out of all the calves, 19 calves (15.8%) were positive for bacteria agents, E. coli was isolated from 12 calves (10%), Salmonella spp. was isolated in 10 calves (8.3%) and Campylobacter spp. was isolated in 1 calf (0.8%). Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that the most sensitive antibiotics were Meropenem (91.3%) and Amikacin (82.6%) while the least sensitive was Ampicillin (21.7%). Therefore Meropenem is the most sensitive antibiotic and recorded the highest percentage sensitivity in all the three bacteria pathogens isolated, while Ampicillin appeared to be the least sensitive antibiotic to virtually all the pathogens isolated. Meropenem is therefore recommended as the drug of choice for the management of bacteria calf scours. The isolation of highly pathogenic E.coli 0157 from calf scour cases reaffirmed cattle as a reservoirs host which may enter the food chain and poses a faeco-oral potential public health hazards.
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    A case report of Dystocia due to shistosomus reflexus (conjoined twins) in a West African Dwarf Doe in Ibadan, Nigeria
    (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan., 2017) Olaogun, S. C.; Abiola J. O.; Jeremiah, O. T.
    A three years old light brown West African dwarf doe, weighing about 32 kg was presented with history of dystocia of about 36 hours was presented to the University of Ibadan Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ibadan. The animal was restless. Close observation showed a swollen vulva with protruding foetal head. There was abnormal slimy blood tinted discharges with foul odour in her vulva. Rectal temperature was 40 degree Celcius with relatively high respiratory rate. Dystocia was diagnosed. Using systematic and calculated tration and retropulsion, Schistosomus reflexus (co-joined twins) were subsequently delivered after about 20 minutes of intervention. Post-manipulation care was given by intramuscular injection of procaine penicillin and streptomycin combination at a dose of 1ml per 10kg body weight for 4 days consecutively; multivitamins injection was also given at 1ml per 10kg body weight for four days. Complete recovery of the doe was achieved.
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    Calf Diarrhea: Epidemiological Prevalence and Bacterial Load in Oyo and Ogun States, Nigeria
    (Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 2016) Olaogun, S. C.; Jeremiah, O. T.; Jubril, A. J.; Adewuyi, O. O.
    Diarrhea in calves is one of the most important causes of calf morbidity, mortality and economic losses. The prevalence of diarrhea in calves was studied in 12 farms in Oyo and Ogun states in South Western Nigeria. A total of 825 calves up to 6-months old were sampled over a period of 12 months with 120 (14.5%) of the calves showing signs of diarrhea. Faecal samples of diarrheic calves (n=120) were collected, and screened for bacterial pathogens using standard laboratory procedures. In Oyo and Ogun States, highest prevalence rates of calves with diarrhea were noticed in two farms of Oyo State 50% (25 out of 50 calves) and Ogun State 23% (12 out of 52 calves) were recorded respectively. Only 19 (15.8%) of the 120 calves had bacterial pathogens; Of the calves (n=19) where bacteria were isolated Escherichia coli was isolated from 12 calves (63.2%), Salmonella species was isolated from 10 calves (52.6%) and Campylobacter species was isolated from 1 calf (5.3%). The lowest levels of bacterial detection were seen in diarrheic samples from White Fulani calves (8.9%) with the highest levels seen in samples from Jersey calves (50%). Calves of 0-2 months had positivity bacterial cause of diarrhea of 18.4%, calves between 3 and 4 months had positivity of 8.8% and calves of 5-6 months had positivity of 20%. Bull calves had 17.0% positivity while heifers had 14.8% positivity among diarrheic calves. Calves having severe diarrhea had highest percentage positivity (26.1%) of bacterial isolates while calves with moderate diarrhea had the least percentage positivity (13.6%). Calves reared in semi-intensive system of management were the most susceptible (18.0%) while those reared under extensive system were least susceptible (13.6%) to bacterial scours. Therefore, Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Campylobacter organisms were most prevalent in calf scours. Age, breeds, sex, severity of diarrhea and system of management are predisposing factors of calf diarrhea.
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    A Retrospective Study of Ruminant Cases Presented Between 1996 and 2005 at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University Of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
    (Integrity Research Journals, 2016) Abiola, O. J.; Olaogun, S. C.; Emedoh, O. M.; Jeremiah, O. T.
    Retrospective study of ruminant cases (cattle, sheep and goats) presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan between a period of ten years (January1996 to December 2005) was conducted to determine the most prevalent diseases using clinical case file records. Within the period of study, a total of 601 cases were handled out of which 394 (65.56%) occurred in goats, 171(28.45 %) sheep and 36(5.99%) cattle. The most prevalent infections in the three species were ectoparasitism (31.11%), endoparasitism (16.97%) and reproductive cases (13.31%). Among caprine species, endoparasitism was 27.16%, while ectoparasitism and reproductive conditions had 20.96% and 13.96% respectively. As for ovine species endoparasitism was 38.01% while ectoparasitism 9.94% and reproductive conditions had 9.94. But among bovine species, endoparasitism was 41.67%, reproductive conditions had 22.22% and bacterial diseases had 16.67%. The high prevalence of these conditions may be due to poor management practices, improper health/veterinary care, stress on pregnant animals, and neglect of prophylactic measures for disease prevention. There is therefore need for awareness and education of livestock farmers/owners on effective prevention and control measures through livestock extension services and proper management system that restrict animals from roaming freely thereby preventing injuries caused by trauma.