DEPARTMENT OF WILDLIFE AND ECOTOURISM MANAGEMENT
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/598
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Item Waste products survey for identification and qualification of different wastes generated in Nigeria(2009) Yusuf, S.A.; Omonona, B.T.; Oyekale, A.S.; Oni, O.A.; Akinbile, L.A.; Adewumi, M.K.; Alarape, A.A.Item An introduction to animal behaviour(2003) Alarape, A.A.; Ayodele, A.IItem Human–Bat Relationships in Southwestern Nigerian Communities(2022) Yager, G.O.; Wahab,M.K.A.; Alarape, A.A.; Attah, L.O.Knowledge on the behavioural pattern of fauna species help to maintain good relationship with captive animals. Chimpanzee behavioural pattern differs in many ways with human interactions. The research focused on the effects of tourist participation on Chimpanzee behavior in a captive environment. Fifty copies of Semi-structured questionnaire were administered to the tourist. Chimpanzee activities and interactions with tourists was carried out using standard focal sampling method at 5 minutes interval for 2 days per week for two months. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mantel-Haenszel χ2 and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel (CMH) M2 test. The study reveals that majority of the respondents were males (60%) and were first timers who came for the purpose of relaxation and research. The probability of return visit by the respondents was low, due to poor rating of the Zoo. Most of chimpanzee time was spent resting, sitting and standing (29.5%, 23.2% and 17.0%), respectively. The locomotive and display behavioural pattern were statistically significant (p-value = 0.042 and 0.042) at contact and non-contact level. However, there was no statistically difference with the relieve behavioural pattern exhibited by the Chimpanzee, which indicates that, the relieved behaviour observed was independent of non-contact and contact between the Chimpanzee.Item Impact of Anthropogenic Activities on Vegetation Cover and Mammalian Herbivores in Afi Mountain Wildlife Sanctuary, Cross River State, Nigeria(2022) Yager, G.O.; Alarape, A.A.; Onaji, O.J.; Acha, S.Despite the popular perception of protected areas, forest resources are still subject to many forms of anthropogenic activities such as logging, hunting and burning. This necessitates the study on the impact of anthropogenic activities on vegetation cover and mammalian herbivores in Afi mountain wildlife sanctuary. Four communities around the study area namely; Ebok, kakukob, Esekwe and Olum were selected based on proximity to the sanctuary. Data on socio-economic characteristic and anthropogenic activities of the communities were determined using questionnaire. A total of sixty (60) copies of questionnaire, 15 each were distributed to the four communities. Dynamics in vegetation cover for 1985, 2000 and 2021 was determined using landsat imagery. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. The result revealed that, males (65.0%) were the dominant respondents. The study respondents were in the age bracket between 41-50 years (51.6%) and majority (51.7%) can at least read and write. The result also indicates a drastic decrease in the forest cover as from 1985-2021, owning to increase in activities such as settlement, logging and farming within the sanctuary. Major threats to the vegetation cover and mammalian herbivores survival were farming, logging and illegal hunting. Conservation of the remaining forest resources should be given top priority.Item People’s Perception about Plant-based Formulated Diets as a Non-chemical Method of Rodent Population Control in Nigeria(2022) Badmus, H.A.; Alarape, A.A.A total number of two hundred and thirty five (235) respondents responded to the self-structured (online Google form) questionnaires administered to them without being bias to sample their opinions on the performance of common rodent population control methods and their readiness to embrace plant-based formulated diets as a method of rodent population control in Nigeria. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze the questionnaires. The results showed that rodent population should be controlled to reduce their damage to agricultural crops (97.4%), to reduce zoonotic diseases (94.9%), and for conservation reasons (82.6%) in Nigeria. It was also revealed that some of the common rodent population control methods were found to be humane, cost effective, acceptable, and effective but at different levels. The plant-based formulated diet as a method of population reduction would be humane (69.8%), acceptable (65.1%), and effective (68.5%) method. The plant-based formulated diet was viewed as a promising method and this indicated readiness to adopt the method as an alternative to the common methods of rodent population control.Item Inhibitory Effect of Termite Mound Soil Leachates on Some Human-Wildlife Pathogens(2021) Alarape, A.A.; Adewale, R.O.; Banjo, O.B.; Oguntade, O.A.; Akinsorotan, O.A.; Olorunishola, K.S.; Durojaiye, A.F.Although, there are reports of soil ingestion by wildlife (geophagy), but reasons for action remained elusive. A predominant hypothesis posits geophagy as source of medication for wildlife. This hypothesis albeit tested on different soils, but has sparsely been documented for termite mound soil (TMS). This study compared antibacterial susceptibility of aqueous leachates of four geophagic TMS1-4 from different sources with controls; a composite sample of forest soil (C1) and an aqueous solution of streptomycin sulphate (C2), against predominant human-wildlife pathogens; Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli(E. coli) and Salmonella typhi (S. typhi). All TMS1-4 and C1-2 exhibited range of 1.33±0.58 to 8.25±2.87 inhibition zones (IZ) against all tested pathogens. While TMS2 (5.00±1.00) and C2 (5.00±1.00) gave similar IZ against S. typhi, C2showed significant highest IZ (8.25±2.87) againstE. coli. The exhibition of IZ in all TMS supports medication hypothesis. Hence, wildlife of the study area may be consuming TMSs for self-medication. Further studies may be needed to investigate properties of TMS responsible for exhibition of IZ.Item Relevance of community participation and concerned stakeholders in conservation management of Kainji lake national park, Nigeria(2021) Alarape, A.A.; Wahab, M.K.A.This study was to assess the participatory role of communities in the achievement of the National conservation goals at the Kainji Lake National Park (KLNP) by the active involvement of local people in park planning, formation, executing and implementing management strategies of renewable resources and its environment. Data were collected from the park annual reports, park management plan, research and information units and environ-consult reports. The Global Environmental Facility (GEF) through the Local Economic Empowerment Programme (LEEMP) provides a non-refundable grant while the World Bank with the assistance of the Internal Development Association (IDA) provides a refundable credit facility for local communities. These financial supports were aimed at providing alternative means of livelihood for the rural people in the community and to alleviate the poverty. The first stage considered ten (10) communities selected from the Borgu sector and the second stage also has ten (10) communities selected as well for their financial assistance. Constraints observed in the implementation of the programme includes lack of project vehicle, computer system and accessories, frequent changes in programme design and directives, lack of confidence in project administration, remoteness of the communities and lateness in release of the micro-projects fund. Successful implementation of the programme requires sound management and supervision of the project time frame. There is need for more in the future and should be based on revegetation mainly (afforestation) and not deforestation in the conservation environment.Item Understanding Hunters-Wildlife-Spirits Relationships around Natural Saltlicks: Analysis of Mythical Narratives of Hunters’ Experience(2021) Alarape, A.A.; Adewale, R.OThe knowledge of the drivers of geophagy in human and animals has received a wide spread debate among scientists but yet to reach a conclusive understanding. The idea of hunters hiding around natural saltlicks (NSs) for hunting is not new and has been in existence for more than a decade, however, little is understood about hunters-wildlife-lick (HWL) relationships, perhaps in a spiritual context. This has consequently limited our understanding of the mystery behind NSs of which eco-tourists depend for game viewing. Recently, knowledge on the existence of spirits in human-animal affairs is considerably gaining attention in the scientific world. Experience of such phenomenon is scarce among the park protection staff of Old Oyo National Park (OONP), except for the well-experienced old-hunters (OHs) who also lack documentation. Understanding this may perhaps elicit the impulse behind wildlife geophagy. This study therefore focuses on the assessment of hunters‟ experience on the spiritual myth of wildlife around NSs of OONP. To investigate this, a combination of semi-structured interview and personal observation methods were used. Nine volunteered key-informants (from among OHs not < 65years of age) were purposively selected across different ranges of the park for interview using snow ball technique. The results indicate that the OHs‟ experience of NSs seem not to vary, but spiritually based. It appears that OHs encounter with spirits-cum-wildlife is real, from whom they acquire favour for bumper harvest, spiritual divination and medicinal knowledge. This is a confirmation that hunter-wildlife-spirits (HWSs) relationships is an integral part of our nature, of which detail understanding may offer us a whole lot of new possibilities into the cause(s) of geophagy.Item Contributions of university of Ibadan botanical gardens to avifauna diversity conservation(2019) Lawal, M.F.; Alarape, A.A.; Adeyanju, T.E.; Onefeli, A.O.; Adeyanju, A.TRapid urbanization poses the greatest threat to bird populations due to habitat loss and fragmentation. Managed habitats including nature gardens remain one of the likely areas to host displaced species and serve as secondary habitat options. This depends strongly on floristics and vegetation structure which are strong determinants of bird species distribution. This paper presents a review of bird diversity in the botanical gardens, University of Ibadan, and assesses effect of vegetation parameters on patch utilization within the garden. Point-count method and circular plots were used for bird and vegetation survey. Ten point-counts selected from the upper course and developed section of the garden were visited 37 times each, in the mornings (0630-0930 hrs) and evenings (1600- 1900hrs). Fifty-five (55) bird species belonging to 23 families were recorded. A total of 1344 plants belonging to 69 species were identified within sampling points. There was significant difference in bird richness across points (P<0.05). The patch around point 6 had the highest mean bird richness and plant abundance; showing a possible positive correlation between both factors. A significant relationship between ground cover, litter cover, canopy cover and bird species diversity was observed. Total families of plants identified were thirty-two (32) with Amaranthaceae having the highest frequency (401) while Malvaceae, Polygalaceae and Sapotaceae had the least frequency. Management practices in gardens such as introduction and re-introduction of indigenous plant species, prunning, grass clearing, can potentially affect a gardens' ability to host bird species. Proper understanding on this relationship is vital to sustaining bird populations.Item Assessment of tourists satisfaction and perception in Markurdi Zoological garden, Benue state, Nigeria(2015) Alarape, A.A.; Yager, G.O.; Salman, K.K.The assessment of tourists’ satisfaction and perception in Makurdi Zoological garden, Nigeria was elucidated using two sets of structured questionnaires; in-depth interview and desk review. This paper explores the underlying reasons accounting for tourists’ tendency to repeat their visit and preferences in the garden, the category of people who patronized the zoo most and sourcing visitors’ views on what can be done to make the garden more viable. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages and line graph) and the Pearson chisquare test of independent were used in data analysis. Results analyzed revealed that student groups (70%) in primary, secondary and tertiary cycle patronized the garden most. The purpose of visitation among tourists was for education (35%) and viewing of animals (33%). The most preferred wildlife species visitors came to view were lion, elephants, chimpanzee, monkeys, crocodile, and birds respectively. Tourists express dissatisfaction over diversity/welfare of fauna species in the zoo, route network, security/ protection against hazards and the abandoned areas like the picnic, museum and restaurants. They also perceived that good management, proper advertisement, good landscape (horticulture), restocking and rehabilitation of depilated or abandoned facilities will promote patronage, create satisfaction and equally step up the revenue of the garden. Age and gender has no significant effect on visitation to the zoo (α0.05) while marital status and occupation was observed to have (α0.05). The recommendation is made that government should increase its financial commitment, improve on its management strategies and renovate dilapidated and abandoned structures to make the garden attractive and viable.