Agricultural Economics

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Household energy choice relationships and determinants in Nigeria
(2002) Hamzat, O.I; Akin-Olagunju, O.A; Yusuf, W.A; Yusuf, S.A
In many developing countries, efforts are being made to encourage more efficient energy choices to lessen adverse effects on health and the environment. This study examined the relationship among fuel options and assessed the determinants of household energy choices for Ibadan, Nigeria. Data collected from 180 respondents using multistage sampling procedure were analysed with bivariate probit and logit regression models. Firewood and charcoal were found to be in use as substitute cooking fuels to LPG while electricity was used as its complement. Improved economic state of households was associated with the use of clean energy sources. Households with large number of members had to settle for less clean fuel types because of low per capita resource availability while education assisted in making better fuel choices for cooking. The study recommends policies aimed at growing national income and improving citizens’ welfare. Education-for-all campaigns should be intensified and national education projects scaled up for improved access. Rural areas also need targeted development so that the inhabitants can seek alternatives to traditional fuels
Forecasting Mango and Citrus Production in Nigeria: A Trend analysis
(2007) Yusuf, S.A; Salau, A.S
This paper provides the prediction of future production of citrus and mango in the medium term up to 2010. The prediction was based on the assumptions that past trends (area planted and yield) and existence of normal weather pattern will hold. Time trend model with specific emphasis on growth model was employed. The analysis delineated three different eras (period between 1961and 2003, 1986 – 2003, and 1991-2003). These eras were used to simulate the different policy regimes of Regulation, Structural Adjustment era and Liberalization era. In general, output of citrus and mango maintained upward trend over the years. However, the growth rate was highest for the era including Structural Adjustment. Following from this, output predictions over the medium term are highest for the analysis with Structural Adjustment era
Effects of Social Capital on Rural Poverty in Nigeria
(2007) Okunmadewa,F.Y; Yusuf, S.A; Omonona B.T
Against the backdrop of increasing focus on the use of Local Level Institutions (LLIs) in addressing poverty and the growing literature on impact of social capital on welfare and poverty, this study provides empirical evidence for Nigeria. The study focuses on households’ memberships in LLIs using primary data from 587 households in 6 participating pilot states under the World Bank’s assisted Community-based Poverty Reduction Project (CPRP). Six measures of social capital were identified. These are density of membership, internal heterogeneity of associations, meeting attendance, payment of membership due, labor contribution and decision making. The study reveals that an average household size of 9 participates in at least 3 LLIs. Further, internal heterogeneity reveals some level of diversity in each group while meeting attendance index averaged about 60% for all participating members of households. An average of N4, 254.90 membership due and 43 days of labour are contributed by households to LLIs. The basic data from the study indicate that households with higher social capital are less poor using different dimensions of poverty. The study shows that while a unit increase in household size tend to aggravate poverty by 3.1%, one extra year of educational attainment reduces the extent of poverty by 1.6%. The level of heterogeneity of the associations, meeting attendance index, cash contribution score and the labour contribution score are the key social capital dimensions with dampening effect on poverty, in the order listed, a unit change in each of these dimensions of social capital leads to 0.85, 1.2, 0.82 and 0.3%, respectively. The findings of this study support recent emphasis on investing in social capital. In addition, it has been shown that investments in LLIs need to be part of poverty alleviation programmes
Determinants of traditional agricultural exports in Nigeria: an application of cointegration and correction model
(2003) Okoruwa V.O.; Ogundare, G.O; Yusuf, S.A
The study aimed to derive estimates of factors influencing Nigeria’s agricultural exports to five principal countries - United States, The Netherlands, United Kingdom, Germany, and France, with the aid of error correction representation procedures. The analysis was carried out with the data collected on Nigeria primary exports - cocoa, palm kernel, and rubber, over 38 years (1960 - 1997). Agricultural commodity exports to the selected countries were influenced by the domestic output, population growth, quantity supplied by competing countries, index of industrial production of importing countries, and time trend. However, the domestic output and population growth rate were the most significant factors influencing agricultural exports in the importing countries. In addition, there is high feedback captured by the coefficients of the error correction mechanism. There seems to be an instantaneous change in the short-run equilibrium to long-run equilibrium values of agricultural exports as a result of policy changes in the regressors. Efforts to boost agricultural exports from Nigeria will need to incorporate policy measures to improve producer prices, enhance the quality of the products, and ensure timely exports of the commodities, especially those with a positive relationship between the index of industrial production of importing countries and Nigeria’s exports. With short-run policy changes by the importing countries, the rate of response by Nigerian producers through exports will be almost spontaneous, as indicated by the coefficient of the error correction mechanism ECM (-1).

Agricultural Economics

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