European Studies
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Item Interpretation within the context of francophone African literature: an investigation(Department of European Languages, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos State, 2015-04) Salawu, A.; Sanusi, R.African literature is a part of translation studies. Whoever writes in a language different from his/her mother tongue is translating. Therefore, writers of francophone African origin are translators. The discipline of Translation studies has two major branches, which are translation and interpretation. In some novels of African origin, the interpreter plays an important role, useful in understanding the message of the author. The objective of this article is to evaluate and understand the relevance of interpretation within African fiction of francophone origin namely, Les soleils des independences of Ahmadou Kourouma, Les bouts de bois de Dieu of Sembene Ousmane and L'etrange destin de Wangrin: les roueries d'wi interpret africain (1992) of Ahmadou Hampath6 Ba. The study adopts not only historical, but comparative and narrative analysis of data from the texts of Ahmadou Kourouma, Sembene Ousmane, and Ahmadou Hampathe Ba, while the theoretical framework is descriptive translation studies (DTS). Works of linguists, translators, language experts, and literary' scholars serve as reference documents. The profession of translator is a mere transposition of the function of the griot as known in francophone Africa, and the commandant in the novel stands as the emperor of the oral literature where the griot is a professional linguist that facilitates the communication between the emperor and his subjects. The study concludes on the notes that the griot and the interpreter are lucky individuals who hold a privilege position and who at the same time must be checked because they go beyond the limit of their duty.Item La litterature et la langue pendant la renaissance en France(2013-04) Salawu, A.; Sanusi, R.La Renaissance franchise merite d’etre louee par ses contributions au developpement de la langue franqaise et de sa litterature. Ces themes ne peuvent etre etudies sans faire reference a la vie politique, economique, et sociale de cette periode. Pour ce faire, nous nous sommes servis des references litteraires, sociologiques, politiques et historiques. C’est pendant la Renaissance francaise que la langue franqaise a ete codifiee avec des emprunts enormes aussi bien de l’ltalie, du Portugal, de l’Espagne, et du Nouveau Monde. Le XVIe siecle francaise a eu une evolution rapide malgre les bouleversements engendres par les reformes religieuses. Des ecrivains comme Pierre de Ronsard et Francois Rabelais restent encore remarquables quant a ce qui concerne la litterature franqaise. Il apparait necessaire d’encourager des recherches approfondies sur le XVIe siecle franqais qui laisse encore beaucoup de questions sans solutions.Item Language, politics and identity in the novels of Ahmadou Kourouma(Department of Foreign Languages, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, 2012-11) Salawu, A.; Sanusi, R.Facts are vital parameters not only in the sciences, history and translation studies but also in literature Facts are the back-hone of human discussions irrespective of the nature of things discussed. To avoid attacks for political reasons, some Francophone Postcolonial African writers, create imaginary spaces in their novels and embellish them with facts. This is for instance, the preoccupation of Ahmadou Kourouma in his debut novel, Les soleils des independances (1970), and others. The objective of this paper is to show Kourouma’s commitment as a literary linguist, politician, historian, geographer, and indeed as an iconoclastic writer. The issue of identity is also addressed in the analysis of Kourouma’s works. This study, therefore, adopts a narrative analysis of data collected from Ahmadou Kourouma’s Les soleils des independances (1970), Monne, outrages et defis (1990), En attendant le vote des betes sauvages (1998) Allah n ’est pas oblige (2000), and Quand on refuse on dit non (2004). Special attention is paid to critica works of linguists, political theorists, translators and literary scholars among others, to buttress our discourse. Kourouma is known for his language revolution, political discourse, translation skills and his quest for identity. In fact, Kourouma’s coloration of French language with Malinke, his mother-tongue stands like pillars to solidify his creative work and to promote African languages and identity. Needless to say that facts and spaces are parameters responsible for the gradual development of Kourouma’s novels for they allow his protagonists to complete their journey in the process of actualizing their destiny.