European Studies
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Item Corps feminin, corps saccage, corps mutile: la vie sans fard de la femme opprimee dans Je suis nee au harem de Choga Regina Egbeme(Faculty of Arts, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2016) Olayinka, E. B.La theorie de la chosification du corps feminin souligne la problematique de la subjugation de la femme. Ce phenomene occasionne une violence virulente faite a la femme par l'homme, reduisant celle-la a son corps sans egards pour sa personnalite et son integrite. Depuis des decades, les feministes s'opposent a ce defi qui tente de faire de la femme un objet de desir sexuel et de re/production. Je suis nee au harem de Choga Regina Egbeme met en relief les degats atroces que cause l'homme a la femme et releve le principe de l'oppression de la femme au sein d'une societe notoirement hegemonique. Le vecu des femmes et des filles de papa David est un echantillon de temoignage de beaucoup de femmes Africaines tout au long de l'ceuvre. Suite a son mariage force a un homme carrement agressif, violee par lui, et consequemment atteinte par le VIH/SIDA ainsi que le bebe issu de ce viol, Choga, la protagoniste eponyme du roman, fuit clandestinement le 'foyer-prison' ou elle vit avec ses coepouses afm d'aider les enfants et les femmes victimes de ce fleau. Cet article qui s'appuie sur un roman purement autobiographique denonce avec amertume l'assujettissement de la femme africaine prise dans.un engrenage d'ethos, de maladies, voire de traditions epineuses. En depit des annees.de campagnes anti- hegemoniques que mene le feminisme pour la revalorisation du corps feminin, on constate que le corps feminin demeure un site de politique du coup de force patriarcal.Item Narrating juvenile mental disorders in Calixthe Beyala’s selected novels(School of Human Sciences, Polytechnic of Namibia, 2014-12) Olayinka, E. B.Critics of Calixthe Beyala’s feminist discourse have located her narratives within the walls of radical feminism. For instance, her feminist language is often labelled with linguistic violence. Beyala’s outcry against oppression is Voiced through adolescent girls who she refers to as femme-fillette and whose gloomy world is characterised by parental violence. The social and psychological degradation of the children Beyala presents in her novels are instances of immeasurable misery impregnated with aggression of adults towards children. Through these same children, Beyala impugns various forms of disintegration eating into postcolonial Africa. Introducing a psychological paradigm into the readings and interpretations of Beyala’s radical feminist works using Freudian psychoanalytic approach to literary criticism and Nietsche’s theory of resentment clearly shows that Beyala is a feminist author whose anger is directed towards male hegemony, and it forms the avenue through which she aptly portrays that young girls living under oppression decline into psychological wrecks.Item Religio-cultural and poetic constructions of the Subaltern African woman(Faculty of Arts, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2012) Sanusi, R.; Olayinka, W.The colonial experience, particularly the introduction of Christianity and Islam in Africa, altered the African socio-cultural equation and ways of life. European and Arab missionaries diligently spread their religious beliefs which fused with some African cultural practices and subsequently determined the status of African women, in particular. Suffice it to say that colonialism, Christianity and Islam masculinised any territory upon which they inflicted themselves and dismantled the matriarchal system that mutually coexisted with patriarchy in some pre-colonial African societies. They also provided an ideological framework for the social roles of women, which subordinated them to their male counterparts. Besides, the poetic constructions of African women on the literary platform of Negritude largely contributed in reinforcing this subaltern image and secondary roles ascribed to African women, heightened by colonialism and promoted by new religious doctrines and practices. The textual representation of African women as mothers, in terms of their nurturing capabilities, placed them in an essentially problematic position, and conferred on them a purely domestic role. It is quite cheering to note, however, that this unhealthy subordination of the African woman is rapidly giving way to the notion of gender equity, founded on new religio-cultural principles, and facilitated by women’s access to western education, modernization, and the systematic ‘eboulement ’ or dismantling of the African patriarchal culture.Item Blind devotion, violence and trauma in the works of Ka Maiga, Bassek and Mpoudi-Ngolle(The Linguistics Association, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, 2012) Sanusi, R.; Olayinka, W.African women, for too long, have been made to exist in the shadow of African men. Their subordination to men has been mostly achieved by the enactment of societal laws in pre-colonial, colonial and neocolonial African settings which categorize them (women) as the other. The consequence of this subjugation is women’s dependence on/and blind acceptance of their inferiority to men. To change the status quo, African feminist writers and critics alike have raised awareness in women about the obduracy of (oppressive tendencies of some African cultural mores. These cultural (ethos /practices are those that spring from essentially controlling woman’s body that practically translate into controlling her mind in order to make her believe the myth that she is inferior to her male (counterpart; The reification of the female body invariably leads to African women’s blind devotion to their husbands, children and most often, the extended family. Besides, women are also victims of male violence and trauma as evidenced in the works of Philomene Bassek, Aminata Ka MaTga and Evelyne Mpoudi Ngolle.Item Madness and free association in Evelyne Mpoudi Ngolle's sous la cendre le feu(Department of English, University of Ibadan, 2007-04) Olayinka, W.Psychoanalytic insight facilitates the analysis of works of art through which literary analysts are able to access the psyche of authors and their characters. (M.M. Schwartz and D. Willbem: 1982). One of such psychoanalytic devices is free association. Free association technique applied during psychotherapy sessions provides a royal road into the psyche of humans as can be observed in Mina's case in Mpoudi Ngolle's Sous la cendre lefeu. This paper concludes that repression of negative and unpleasant experiences lived within patriarchal limitations, as promoted by African male hegemonic traditions, subjects women-victim of oppression to anxiety disorder which may occur in the form of depression, schizophrenia, obsessive disorders, depersonalisation, derealisation among others.Item Gender inequality: African feminist fiction reflecting scientific data(Gender Mainstreaming Office, University of Ibadan, 2013) Olayinka, W.When one mentions the situation of women anywhere in the world today, certain issues inevitably come to mind. Issues such as oppression of women, feminism and women's struggle for liberation, woman as liberated-subaltern in organisations, sexuality and sexism, among others. These are issues that have often trailed humanity. Available answers do not yet adequately address the woman question. Weare in a complex situation, a complex world that smacks of gender war in the midst of gendered rhetoric. The matter of Sub-Saharan African women 's evolution calls to mind immense, complex and culturally multifarious questions that surround women in the region and the fast changing world of African culture, relating to issues of family, education, work and lifestyle. The compass of women development in the region is therefore multidirectional. This necessitates knowing her pre-colonial past, her colonial status and her post- or neo-colonial condition. This paper therefore looks at the African woman under the three stages above, with particular attention on the Nigerian woman of today.Item Depuis monsieur thoghognini, le destin africain predit a bon ou a mal escient?(Nigeria French Language Village, Lagos, 2023) Olayinka, E. B.Que les impacts du contact de l’Occident avec le monde africain entrainent des cotes positifs ainsi que negatifs n’est pas a nier. Depuis le moment ou les elites africaines ont pris la plume pour des productions litteraires, quelques-uns parmi eux ont su dissequer et predire le destin africain. Dans le champ theatral, Bemand Binlin Dadie est l’un des dramaturges africains a l’avant-garde. Se basant sur le concept du colonialisme domestique propose par Harold Cruse en 1962, cet article sur Monsieur Thogo-gnini (MT) s’oblige de faire une analyse critique de la capacite de Dadie a relever l’unicite de son oeuvre dans la prediction du destin de l’Afrique postcoloniale bien en avance. II disseque la maniere dont l’auteur a pu presager le destin de l’Affique d’aujourd’hui. Le travail focalise sur le theme de l’assujettissement des Noirs par les Noirs en commen9ant par les empreintes du colonialisme laissees par les Blancs grace a la complicity des leaders africains. L’Affique etant un continent a realite diversifiee, elle continue de vivre en commun l’imperialisme colonial ce qui egale l’imperialisme economique et socio-politique. La situation dont l’Afrique se retrouve apres les independances porte en elle les vestiges du colonialisme du au fait que le colonialisme n’a jamais pris fin. Ce qui creve les yeux a l’Afrique est evidemment le statut des pays africains fragiles et incapables de toutes formes de deyeloppement durable occasionnes par l’inertie et le deficit moraux des dirigeants d’Etats qui ne s’interessent qu’a leur sort, pensant moins du sort du continent et de sa population.Item Bonjour(Ibadan University Press, Publishing House, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2019) Olayinka, E. B.Item The oppressor is oppressed and in a pathological state too: Calixthe Beyala and Buchi Emecheta’s male characters(Department of European Studies, University of Ibadan, 2010) Olayinka, E. B.Item Une saison au Congo d'aime cesaire ou la tragedie des nations Africaines(2013-05) Sanusi, R.; Akinwumi, J.Depuis la colonisation jusqu’a l’heure actuelle, la question de la liberation de l’homme noir n’a pas cesse de faire couler beaucoup d’encre dans les productions litteraires des ecrivains negro-africains. A cet effeL la majorite des oeuvres des ecrivains negro-africains semblent renvoyer a des realites communes : celles d’emanciper Phomme noir et de le liberer entierement du joug colonial voire du neo- colonialisme. Cette preoccupation, Aime Cesaire la fait sienne dans sa piece de theatre intitulee Une saison au Congo parue en 1973. L’objectif de cet essai par ailleurs, est d’analyser, d’une part, les effets perdurant de la colonisation dans la quotidiennete des colonises meme apres l’independance et de montrer, d'autre part, la demarche postcoloniale entreprise par ces derniers afin de finir avec cette plethore de problemes qui freinent revolution du continent africain.