Crop Protection & Environmental Biology

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Author: search.filters.author.Fadina, O.OEnd date: 2009

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Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    Effects of lead on performance and nutrient quality of two cowpea varieties
    (2003) Fadina, O.O; Opeolu, B. O
    The effects of lead on plant growth, yield and nutrient quality of two cowpea varieties (IT94K-4403 and IT93KZ-8-21-23-3) were studied. Soil and seeds analyses for lead before planting and after harvest revealed variable decreases in lead levels in contaminated soil after harvest. While lead was not detectable in the planted and harvested seeds. There were no significant differences in the various lead contamination levels with respect to germination days and maturation days. Lead contamination was found to have adverse effects on the yield of cowpea. The variety IT94K-4403 showed no variation in protein after harvest with the different levels of lead contamination, IT93KZ-8-21-23-3 on the other hand showed variable deceases in protein content.
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    Effect of Spent Lubricating Oil on Some Growth Parameters of Two Varieties (TGXl485 - ID and TGXl448 - 2E) of Soybeans, (Glyzine max. merril)
    (2002) Mbong, G. A; Fadina, O.O; Focho, B. A,; Azo, W. M; Seino, R. A.
    The effects of spent lubricating oil on the growth of two varieties of soybean (TG x 1485-ID; (V1)) and (TG x 1448-2E; (V2)) were investigated in the laboratory and greenhouse experiments. In all the plants treated with spent lubricating oil, germination was delayed when compared with the Controls. Also results from growth parameters such as stem height/plant, number of leaves/plants, - number of nodes/plants and number of branches/plant indicated that spent lubricating oil had some adverse effects on the growth of soybeans. However, V1 seems to be more tolerant to contamination by spent lubricating oil in terms of growth indices than V2, which suffered most. Generally, while V2 produced a net higher dry pod weight/plant, V1 produced less dry weight/plant. It was generally observed in the study that with increasing level of oil contamination, the toxicity of the oil was more pronounced
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    Reduced Morphological Root Features of Anthracnose Infected Cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata (I.) Walp)
    (2002) Ajari, I. O.; Fadina, O.O
    ln a green house experiment to determine the effects of anthracnose disease caused by collectricum lindemuthianum on cowpea, sterilized siols in planting pots were used for planning two susceptible cowpea varieties (Ife Brown and 1782-60). The seedlings were inoculated with the inoculum meal of the pathogen after 3 weeks of planting. The results obtained show that characteristics tan to brown anthracnose symptoms had appeared on the leaves of both varieties after 3 weeks of inoculation, while the roots of the infected cowpeas were observed to be morphologically different from the roots of the uninfected plants. Similarly, infected plants were smaller in size and a marked reduction in their yield IT82f 60 (35%) versus Ife Brown (19%). The reduction of the plant structures and yield of the infected plants was suspected to have been as a result of the anthracnose disease
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    The efficacy of karate (lambdacyhalothrin) in controlling heloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white) on soybeans (glycine max. L. Merril.)
    (1997) Fadina, O.O; Adesiyan, S.O.
    The nematicidal properties of a synthetic pyrethriod (Karate) was investigated. In laboratory experiments, Karate at different concentrations (4,000ppm, 6,000ppm and 8,000pm against Meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white) prevented egg- hatch and accentuated the death of the infective second stage juveniles. In green-house experiments, as little as 4,000ppm of Karate reduced both the number of galls and the population of juveniles in soils when compare with the Control plants. However, Karate applied as soil-drench resulted in wilting of plants at all concentrations
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    The Effects of Single and Combined Repetitive Oral Administration of Common Pesticides and Alcohol on Rabbits
    (1999) Fadina, O.O; Taiwo, V.O; Ogunsunmi, A.O
    The toxicological effects of repetitive single or combined oral administration of a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide (KarateR), nicotine and alcohol (ethanol) in rabbits were studied. Rabbits given daily oral doses of either KarateR, nicotine or ethanol and a combination of either KarateR and nicotine or alcohol exhibited various forms and severities of nervous signs, haematological and serum biochemical alterations, and lungs, liver, heart, kidney and brain damage. Single repetitive nicotine consumption proved most fatal with 75% mortality rate recorded within eight weeks, while combined KarateR and alcohol consumption caused 100% mortality within ten weeks. Severe anaemia, panleucopenia, significant increase in serum gammaglutamyl transferase and hypocholesterolaemia were the hallmarks of severe toxicity with these agents. This study highlights the possible long-term effects of the indiscriminate use of pesticides, and some common environmental pollutants like alcohol on rabbits. This very serious threat to biodiversity Conservation efforts in our environment that may result from this is discussed.
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    The working environment and livestock production systems in Nigeria
    (2001) Fadina, O.O; Taiwo, V.O
    Favorable and safe working conditions are important factors in animal production. In urban and peri-urban areas of Nigeria, most the livestock arc kept under the extensive System where animals are exposed lo industrial wastes, oil Spills and domestic effluents, which might leave serious effects on the health of the animals. And for a country (hat has an annual record of over a thousand oil spillages, pollution of soils often leads to destruction of pasture land and death of water animals. In its drive to increase food production, many Nigerian farmers have been using pesticides on their farms. Animals in search of forage and water are often killed when they come in contact with pesticide treated farms and contaminated water. The poisoning of sheep and goats by organochlorine residues on cocoa farms have been recorded in many parts of the country and birds have also been known to be poisoned by acaricides which are used as washes dusting powders for the treatment of fleas and lice. This paper thus describes the various deleterious effects of common pollutants on the livestock production System in Nigeria. Suggestions were also made on the ways and means of reducing exposure of animals to environmental toxicants.