DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
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Item Effect of protease supplementation on the performance of laying chickens fed low protein diets in early production cycle(2013) Abu, O. A.; Joshua, A. O.A 10 week study w as conducted to investigate the effect of diets supplemented with protease on .he performance of 32 weeks old Isa Brow n hens housed in cages and fed low Crude Protein (CP) diets in a completely randomized design. A total of 60 Isa Brown laying birds were randomly allotted to 5 dietary treatments each having six replicates of 2 birds per replicate. The diets were formulated to contain 16% crude protein (Treatment 1) which was the control diet: T2. 15.2% CP diet (5% CP reduction): T3. I5.20% CP diet + 0.05% protease: T4. 14.4% CP diet (10% CP reduction) and T5. 14.4% CP diet 0.05% protease. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum. Results showed that feed intake, Haugh unit and hen day production were not significant (p > 0.05). Addition of enzyme to 15.2 and 14.4% CP diets improved egg weight, shell weight, shell thickness and albumen weight. Yolk weight was improved by 14.4% CP diet. In conclusion, 10% CP reduction plus protease gave optimum performance of the laying hens and could be adopted.Item The performance and egg quality traits of Nigerian local hens fed varying dietary levels of palm kernel cake with added palm oil(Poultry Science Association, Inc., 2012) Afolabi, K. D.; Akinsoyinu, A. O.; Omojola, A. B.; Abu, O. A.A total of 120 local hens at the point of lay were randomly assigned, 2 per cage, with 10 replicates per diet in a completely randomized design, to 6 palm kernel cake (PKC)-based layer diets that contained 20% CP and 2,700 kcal of ME/kg of feed. The PKC was included at levels of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% in diets 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. Diet 1 without PKC served as the control. To make the diets isocaloric, 0.5, 1.48, 3.35, 5.22, 7.11, and 8.98% palm oil was added to diets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively. Feed and water were offered ad libitum for 12 wk. The hen-day production (53.8 to 63.3%) peaked at dietary PKC levels of 20 to 40%. Feed conversion ratio was also the lowest in hens fed the 20 to 40% PKC-based diets, but it was poorer than the control diet for those fed 50% PKC. The least hen-day production was obtained for birds on the 50% PKC-based diet. The albumen height (3.16 to 3.73 mm) was highest for eggs laid by hens fed the control and 10% PKC diets. The egg yolk indexes obtained for hens fed 0 to 10% dietary PKC (0.2) were significantly higher than those obtained for hens fed 20 to 50% PKC (0.13 to 0.15). The yolk color score increased significantly (P < 0.05) across the diets (from 1.0 to 5.9) as the level of palm oil increased. The egg weight, egg circumference, eggshell thickness, egg shape index, and weights of the albumen and yolk were similar across diets. Feeding up to 40% PKC with added palm oil had no adverse effect on the performance of Nigerian local hens and the quality of their eggs.Item Performance of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with feed grade enzyme(2009-07) Abu, O. A.; Igwebuike, J. U.; Abu, J. Z.The effect of dietary supplementation of a commercial multi-enzyme complex (Avizyme 1500™) on the performance and nutrient digestibility by broiler finishers was investigated. A total of 120 d-old broiler chickens was assigned to four treatments each having two replicates of 15 birds in a 2 x 2 factorial block design. Avizyme was-incorporated into the finisher diets at inclusion levels of 0 (high and low fibre diets), 1.0 and 2.0g/Kg diets in diets 1-4 respectively. The study covered the finisher phase (4-8 week period). Results obtained indicated that incorporation of Avizyme up to 2.0g/Kg diet into broiler finisher diet produced no significant (P > 0.05) effects on average daily feed intake and feed conversion efficiency of the birds but depressed daily weight gain (P < 0.05). The average final body weight followed the same trend as the daily weight gain, as the birds fed control diet and diet containing 1g/kg Avizyme did best (P < 0.05). The digestibility of nutrients did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) among treatments. Birds on the control diet used nutrients better than the rest treatments. The haematological parameters such as Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Haemoglobin (Hb), White Blood Cell (WBC), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH), and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) except for Red Blood Corpuscles (RBC) did not differ (P > 0.05) among treatments. Dressing percentage, cut-up parts and weight of organs expressed as a percentage of body weight did not differ significantly (P > .0.05). The results of this study showed that the inclusion of 1 g/kg of the enzyme mixture into broiler finisher diet did not show any adverse effect on the performance and blood parameters of the broiler chickens. The 1 g/kg level of inclusion of enzyme in the diet appears to be most beneficial to the farmer in view of its relatively better results.Item Performance characteristics of growing rabbits fed glicidia sepium leaf meal as a replacement for groundnut(Bioline International, 1999) Dada, S. A. O.; Abu, O. A.; Okeowo, T. A.; Badmus, O. R.The study involved 16 weaner crossbred (New Zealand White and Chinchila) rabbits of about eight weeks of a.fetz with initial average weight of 0.69 kg. The animals were offered a measured amount of their respective diets. The level of replacement of groundnut cake with Gliricidia leaf meal (GLM) were 0, 25 50 and 75%, to give four diets which were fed ad libitum throughout the experimental period of 35 days. The similar average daily feed intake of the rabbit fed 0, 25 and 50% GLM included diets was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the corresponding daily weight gain of the rabbits fed 25 and 50% GLM diets and those fed 75% GLM diet recorded the least (P < 0.05) daily gain. Dry matter intake (DMI) was significantly correlated with daily weight gain (r = 0.94, P < 0.05) and feed efficiency (r = 0.90, P < 0.05).Item Assessment of the effects of supplementing rabbit diets with a culture of saccharomyces cerevisiae using performance, blood composition and clinical enzyme activities(Elsevier, 1999) Onifade, A. A.; Obiyan, R. I.; Onipede, E.; Adejumo, D. O.; Abu, O. A.; Babatunde, G. M.The effects of dietary supplementation with a pure culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 0.0, 1.5 and 3.0 g kg−1 on growth performance, blood composition and clinical enzyme activities in serum of rabbits were studied during a 56-day experiment. Rabbits fed 3.0 g kg−1 attained the heaviest (P < 0.05) body weight, consumed the highest (P < 0.05) quantity of feed and had the best (P < 0.05) feed conversion. Rabbits fed 1.5 g kg−1 yeast had higher (P < 0.05) body weight, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency than the unsupplemented group. The haematocrit, erythrocytes, haemoglobin, serum albumin: globulin ratio, and erythrocytic indices in rabbits fed 3.0 g kg−1 were superior (P < 0.05) to the unsupplemented group. Other haematological indices were similar (P > 0.05); but differential populations of lymphocytes were fewer (P < 0.05) and monocytes and eosinophils were larger (P < 0.05) in rabbits fed the basal group. Serum Ca2+, globulin, cholesterol, aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, and alkaline phosphatase were higher (P < 0.05) in the basal group than with the yeast-supplemented diets. The data obtained suggest that yeast addition significantly improved growth performance, enhanced haematopoiesis, reduced serum cholesterol and maintained the serum enzymes at normal ranges. Furthermore, the activities of the clinical enzymes suggested liver- and bone-specific advantages from supplemental yeast. The effects of yeast were dose-dependent, and there is a need to determine the economically optimum dietary concentration.Item Productive response of rabbits to supplemental copper in a diet based on tropical feedstuffs(Taylor & Francis, 1998) Onifade, A. A.; Abu, O. A.Effects of supplemental copper in a diet based on tropical feedstuffs on productive performance, carcass measurements and haematology of rabbits were investigated in a 70d trial. Copper as CuS04.5H2O was supplemented at 0, 125, 250 and 375 mg kg-1 into a basal diet. The basal diet served as control treatment. Eight rabbits, each constituting a replicate, were fed on one of the experimental diets. The results showed that daily weight gain and feed intake of the rabbits fed 250 and 375 mg kg-1 supplemental copper were the highest followed by rabbits fed 125 mg kg-1 and the basal diet. Relative weights of the selected organs were similar except for the brain that tended to be lower in rabbits fed 250 and 375 mg kg-1 copper. Haemoglobin, packed cell volume and red blood counts were lower on 375 mg kg-1, however, haematological indices in rabbits fed 125 and 250 mg kg-1 were superior to other treatments. The results indicated that supplemental copper in a diet based on tropical feedstuffs improved performance, supported adequate organ development and might adversely affect haematopoiesis in rabbits at 375 mg kg-1 rate of inclusion.