DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
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Item Performance, blood chemistry and serum electrolytes of broilers given water from different sources(Animal Science Association of Nigeria, 2018) Adeyemo, G. O.; Kabir, A. O.; Tanimowo, D. A.; Ologhobo, A. D.The role of water sources in broiler performance was assessed using 168 Abor Acre broiler birds. The birds were randomly allotted to 4 treatments (Treatment 1(T1) - tap water, Treatment 2 (T2) – bore-hole water, Treatment 3 (T3) – well water and Treatment 4 (T4) – river water), with 6 replicates each in a completely randomized design. The initial weight was measured at hatch and subsequently on weekly basis till the final week of study. Feed intake and conversion ratio were recorded and computed, while rectal temperature was obtained using a clinical thermometer inserted into the rectum of the broiler chicken. On day 42, blood was collected via the jugular vein into sample bottles for hematological and serum electrolyte assay. Data obtained were analyzed and means separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Water source was observed to significantly influence rectal temperature at the 4th week, with birds served borehole water having higher rectal temperature than birds served river water. Source of water offered to the birds was also observed to influence (p<0.05) serum levels of sodium, calcium, potassium and phosphorus. Sodium level was significantly higher in birds offered river water, while borehole water resulted in significantly higher phosphorus level in broiler chicken.Item Response of broiler chickens to carica papaya and talinium triangulare leaf meal under normal and subnormal diets(Sciencedomain International, 2018) Agboola, B. E.; Ologhobo, A. D.; Adejumo, I. O.; Adeyemo, G. O.The use of locally available and cheap feed ingredients has received particular attention as a viable alternative to the use of conventional feedstuffs in developing countries. Vegetable-based feeds are rich sources of essential plant amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Further to the rich contents mentioned, it has been established that green vegetable leaves are cheap and abundant sources of protein because of their ability to synthesize amino acids from a wide range of available primary materials. The aim of this study was to investigate the response of broiler chickens to Carica papaya and Talinium triangulare under normal and subnormal diets. In this study, the effects of C. papayaleaf meal and T. triangulare chopped leaves were assessed on growth performance and haematological parameters of broiler chickens. Two hundred and seventy 1-d old Arbor acres broiler chicks were used for the study. Each treatment had 5.replicates with 6 birds per replicate. Normal diets and subnormal diets were compounded with varying amounts of ingredients. The test ingredients were supplied at the rate of 10% of the main diets. The design of the experiment was a completely randomized design. All the treatments with subnormal diets obtained higher feed intake than treatments with normal diets. Birds on subnormal diet mixed with C. papaya leaf meal (24.03%) obtained the highest packed cell volume. The haemoglobin concentrations followed a similar pattern. Normal diets compared with control for feed conversion ratio.Item Effect of water electrolyte supplementation on perfonnance, serum and haematological indices of broiler chickens under heat-stressed condition(Animal Science Association of Nigeria, 2018) Adeyemo, G. O.; Sulaiman, A. K.; Tanimowo, D. A.; Longe, O. G.In a study to assess the effect of electrolyte supplementation on performance of broiler chicken, 192 day- old Abor Acre broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 4 treatments: T1 - un-supplemented water, T2 - 0.5% NaCI, T3 - 0.5% KCI and T4 - 0.5% NaHCO3, with 6 replicates each in a completely randomized design. Initial weight, final weight, weight gain, feed intake were recorded and feed conversion computed. Mortality was recorded when observed. Ambient temperature and relative humidity were monitored daily. At the end of day 28, rectal temperature of each bird was recorded weekly for 3 weeks using a digital thermometer. At day 42, blood (5mls) was collected for haematological indices and plasma separated for the determination of Cl, Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, HCO3. Data obtained were analyzed and means separation determined by least significant differences (p<0.05) using the SAS Institute statistical software. Under heat stress, 0.5% KCI and 0.5%NaCI supplementation in water reduced rectal temperature, increased body weight, improved FCR, and reduced blood pH. Electrolyte supplementation also influenced red blood cell count as well as serum levels of sodium, potassium and bicarbonate. Supplementing KCI and NaCI in drinking water may be a means to improve productivity of broiler under high temperature and humidity conditions.Item Growth performance and internal organs morphology of broiler chickens fed kenaf seed meal(National Animal Production Research Institute, Zaria, Nigeria, 2017) Adeyemo, G. O.; Bamigboye, O. A.; Idahor, K. O.Kenaf seed meal is a potential feed ingredient in poultry nutrition but little is known about its utilization in broiler diets. This study was carried out to examine the organ weights and intestinal morphology of broilers fed kenaf seed meal in combination with soya bean meal. Two hundred and forty birds were allotted to five treatments replicated six times with eight birds per replicate. The proximate composition of kenaf seed meal was determined, the broilers weight and feed intake were monitored. At six weeks of age, two birds were sacrificed per replicate and vital organs were carefully collected and weighed. Also, the villi width, height and crypt depth were measured. The results of the study show that kenaf seed meal was rich in crude protein (28%), gross energy (3,929Kca/Kg) and crude fibre (3.6%). It was observed that duodenal villi were more influenced than the ileal villi. Hence, the test diet was seemingly more absorbed in the duodenum region than in the ileum, suggesting effective nutrients utilization if offered at safe level.Item Comparative performance and haematological profile of cockerel chickens debeaked at varied length and at different ages(Nigerian Society for Animal Production, 2017) Bolarinwa, M. O.; Adeyemo, G. O.; Awodele, O. A.An experiment was conducted to determine the comparative performance of cockerel chickens debeaked at varied length and at different ages. One hundred and ninety-five cockerel birds were purchased from a reputable hatchery, brooded and randomly allotted into 4 treatments of three replicates and 15 birds per replicate. Treatment 1 (T1) served as the control which contained 15 birds that were allotted into 3 replicates without debeaking. At the 4th week, 45 birds were debeaked at varied degrees of debeaking to form treatments 2, 3 and 4 respectively as follows: T2- ½ of upper beak and ½ of lower beak debeaked using 5 birds per replicate and 3 replicates per treatment. T3- 1/3 of upper beak and ½ of lower beak debeaked using 5 birds per replicate and 3 replicates per treatment and T4- 1/3 of upper beak and ½ of lower beak were debeaked using 5 birds per replicate and 3 replicates per treatment as it was done in all other treatments. Also, the same procedures used for all the treatments, in the 4th week as demonstrated above were repeated in the sixth, eighth and tenth week of age respectively so as to reflect the treatment effect at different ages. Data collected include: initial and final weight, daily feed intake, body weight gain and of haematological parameters. Results showed that varied degrees of debeaking examined significantly affected (p< 0.05) all the performance parameters considered: body weight gain, FCR, heterophil/lymphocyte ratio etc. It was therefore concluded that farmers should imbibe the practice of cutting half of the upper beak and half of the lower beak or one third of the upper beak and half of the lower beak (T2) preferably at the earlier stages of the birds' life as they gave better values for the performance parameters considered.Item Effect of Ad-libitum, split and restricted feeding on performance, digestibility and welfare of broiler chicken(Sciencedomain International, 2017) Adeyemo, G. O.; Badmus, R. T.; Longe, O. G.; Ologhobo, A. D.An experiment was conducted to assess the performance, welfare and digestibility of broilers fed varying forms of feeding regimes. The objective of this work research was investigate the possibility of improving growth performances, digestibility and welfare of broilers using ad libitum, split and restricted feeding. Formulated diet was given in four different forms Ad-libitum (Treatment 1) twice a day meal/split feeding (Treatment 2) thrice a day feeding (Treatment 3) 3 hours restriction feeding (Treatment 4). Experimental design was completely randomized design. 240 broilers were randomly allotted to four treatments with 6 replicates and 10 birds per replicate. Birds were weighed weekly to evaluate their performances, faeces was collected on day 42, to determine digestibility and rectal temperature was taken as a measure of bird's wellbeing. Results showed that there were no significant differences (p≥ 0.05) in performance of birds across treatments but values from birds fed Ad-libitum were higher. Rectal temperature (RT) differ at week 4, birds fed 3 hours restricted feeding had the highest RT (41.62°C) while the least RT were from birds fed Ad-libitum (41.20°C). Significant differences were obtained in digestibility and nutrient utilization of broilers with respect to feeding regimes. Crude protein (CP) digestibility was significantly higher in birds fed 3 hours restriction (81.91%) while birds fed Ad-libitum had the least (46.76%). The digestibility of crude fibre was higher in birds fed 3 hours restricted feeding regime (86.77%) the least was from birds fed thrice a day feeding regime (62.66%). A similar trend was obtained for digestibility of gross energy. Ad-libitum feeding had the highest non-significant performance values but split feeding optimized feed and nutrient utilization thereby enhancing performance and minimizing nutrient waste at the same time.Item Effect of different feeding patterns on carcass characteristics and primal cuts of broilers chickens(Sciencedomain International, 2017) Adeyemo, G. O.; Badmus, R. T.An experiment was conducted to assess carcass characteristics and offals of broilers fed on varying forms of feeding regimes. 240, 1-day old broiler chicks-were randomly allotted to four feeding regimes each in 6 replicates of 10 birds per replicate designated as treatments as follows: ad libitum, twice a day split feeding, thrice a day split feeding and 3 hours restriction feeding. Birds were slaughtered on day 42 to determine the relative weights of the primal cuts and visceral organs. Significant differences (P<0.05) were obtained on carcass parameters' measured. Birds on ad libitum feeding had the highest bled (87.6), dressed (61.9), eviscerated (67.0) and de-feathered weights (82.5%) while the least values were obtained from birds fed thrice a day, though the values were not significantly different (P>0.05) from those of birds on twice a day split feeding regime. Birds fed ad-libitum had the highest drumstick weight (8.84%) and wing percentages (6.73%). The neck percentages were 4.47, 4.22, 3.04 and 2.84 for ad-libitum, twice a day, 3 hour restriction and thrice a day feeding respectively. Liver, abdominal and crop weights were similar (P>0.05) for ad libitum and twice feeding regime but were different (P<0.05) from thrice and restricted feeding regime. Broilers on ad libitum and twice a day feeding regimes gave the best results for carcass, primal cuts and organ weights measured.Item Performance and tibia characteristics of chickens fed cassava chips supplemented with Dl-methionine(Sciencedomain International, 2016) Ologhobo, A. D.; Etop, S.; Ogunwole, O. A.; Adeyemo, G. O.; Adejumo, I. O.; Adeoye, D.This study was carried out to investigate the effect of cassava chips and DL-methionine supplementation on performance and tibia bone characteristics of broiler chickens. Broiler chickens were randomly assigned to 20 treatments in a 4x5 factorial arrangement with 5 dietary levels of cassava chips (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 corn replacement) and 4 dietary levels of DL-methionine supplementation (0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2% i.e. 0, ½ NRC, NRC and double NRC 1994 recommended levels). Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance. At starter phase, birds on cassava chips-based diets had significantly (P<0.05) higher body weight gain (BWG) than the control. Those on 25% cassava chip-based diet compared well with the control. Methionine supplement improved BWG at both starter and finisher phases; Cassava chips supplemented with DL-methionine can replace corn 100.00% in broiler chickens diet.Item Dietary effect of different drying methods and graded inclusion levels of ginger (zingiber officinale) on the perfonnance and gut morphology of broilers(Sciencedomain International, 2016) Adeyemo, G. O.; Ogunshote, E. O.; Longe, O. G.The experimental design was a 3 by 3 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. Three hundred broilers were used for the experiment; they were randomly allotted to the ten dietary treatments with 5 replicates per treatment and 6 birds per replicate. The birds were weighed weekly to determine their weight gain, body weight and feed conversion ratio. Thirty finisher birds were sacrificed and the ileum and duodenum removed for gut histo-morphometry. Results showed that drying methods influenced performance. This was observed for the average body weight gained per bird per day while the effect of the inclusion level was observed on the feed conversion ratio. Factor interaction was observed for weight gained/bird per day and feed conversion ratio. However, only numerical differences were observed for average final body weight/bird and average feed intake /bird/day. Duodenal and ilea, villous height showed significant effect (P<0.05) of drying method, inclusion levels and treatment interaction with the control having the highest mean values. It can be concluded that supplementing broiler feed with air-dried ginger at 1.5% inclusion level can be effective as it led to an increase in the final body weight, average body weight gained per day per bird and average feed intake. No effect of drying methods and inclusion levels were observed for the histo-morphometry.Item Effect of stocking density on the perfonnance, carcass yield and meat composition of broiler chickens(Sciencedomain International, 2016) Adeyemo, G. O.; Fashola, O. O.; Ademulegun, T. I.Broiler chickens require adequate feed intake and uninterrupted emission of heat for intensive growth. An eight-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of stocking density on performance, carcass yield and meat composition of broilers. A total of 240 one-day old Arbor acre broiler chicks were randomly allocated to three stocking densities: Lower stocking density (LSD) of 10 birds/m2; Recommended stocking density (RSD) of 12 birds/m2; and Higher stocking density (HSD) of 14 birds/m2 respectively, with 4 replicates each having 20 birds per replicate. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum. Final live weight(FLW); Feed intake(FI); Feed conversion ratio(FCR); Mortality(%); Dressed weight(%); Prima cuts(%); Abdominal fat(%) and meat composition were assessed. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics and ANOVA °°=0.05. Birds on HSD had numerically higher FLW (2262.80 g), better FCR (2.08) that was similar to that of LSD (2.07) and significantly lower mortality (0.00%). The values of the prime cuts (thigh, drumstick and breast), abdominal fat and meat protein were similar between birds on LSD and HSD. Up to stocking density 14birds/m2 broiler chickens' performance and carcass characteristics were not negatively affected.
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