DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE

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Author: search.filters.author.Akinyemi, M.O.Subject: search.filters.subject.polymorphism

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    Computational Molecular Analysis of the Sequences of PAPPA2 Gene of Selected Ruminants and Non Ruminants
    (2017) Akinyemi, M.O.; Osaiyuwu, H.O.; Adegoke, I.A.
    Pregnancy associated plasma protein A2 (PAPPA2) is an Insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) protease of the pappalysin family. This gene has been reported to be associated with prenatal growth, postnatal growth, skeletal growth, calving interval, milk yield, fertility and parity in cattle. The present study was undertaken to computationally investigate the attendant effects of the genetic variants of the PAPPA2 gene on its function and to gain insight into the evolutionary proximity and divergence in ruminants and non-ruminants at the studied locus. A total of fourteen (14) PAPPA2 nucleotide sequences comprising cattle (3), sheep (4), goat (1), pig (3), chicken (1) and horse (2) were retrieved from the GenBank. Functional analysis of non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism showed that eight amino acid substitutions (C31I, R60V, Y71G, S119L, S181Y, R190I, Q361M, P178_E180del) in goats, seven in sheep (V9E, L44D, T185N, A125W, Y78S, R194V, R240L), seven in cattle (L11F, C50_W51insTDAPK, E100L, A250T, G257L,M850V), nine in chickens (A60G, S104_R170del, A190F, G128A, I10C, S309G, F48L, Q1630L) and eight in pigs (A61L, P72D, L11Q, K184T, D110C, S193_R194insTQD, Q481_E484del and T170_V172delinsVA) were returned neutral suggesting their beneficial effect. The phylogenetic trees from nucleotide sequences revealed the close relatedness of members of the Bovidae family (sheep, cattle and goat). The present information may be exploited in research into the association between PAPPA2 genotypes and some important economical traits in farm animals.
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    Genetic Variation In Indigenous Turkey Populations In South West Nigeria
    (2017) Fatai, R.B.; Akinyemi, M.O.; Osaiyuwu,O. H.
    The study was carried out to assess the genetic variation in indigenous turkey populations in South West Nigeria using seven protein markers: Hemoglobin (Hb), Albumin (Alb), Transferin (Tf), Esterase-1 (Es-1), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Carbonic anhydrase (CA), and Esterase-3 (Es-3).. A total of 97 turkey birds from Ibadan, Ijebu Ode and Akure were purposively sampled. Separation of plasma and red cell proteins were determined on cellulose acetate electrophoresis to estimate the genetic variability within and among the populations. The degree of heterozygosity, deviation from Hardy Weinberg’s Equilibrum (HWE), FIS, and FST values were estimated. From a total of 7 loci analyzed, six were found to be polymorphic in all the populations sampled while Es-1 was monomorphic. Two codominant alleles which controlled three different genotypes were observed at each polymorphic loci. Deviations from Hardy Weinberg equilibrium and a deficiency of heterozygotes were observed in all the populations. Average heterozygosities ranged between 0.13 and 0.20, heterozygote deficit FIT was estimated at 0.5784 while within breed deficit as evaluated by FIS ranged from 0.38 to 0.56. The fixation index FST revealed that genetic diversity within the studied population was moderately differentiated. Genetic distance among the populations quantified through calculation of Nei genetic distance ranged from 0.037 - 0.109. The result obtained may be used as an initial guide in defining objectives for future investigations of genetic integrity and developing conservation strategies for Nigeria indigenous turkeys.