DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
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Item ANS 210: Principles of animal production(Distance Learning Centre, University of Ibadan, 2003) Babayemi, O. J.; Abu, O. A.; Sokunbi, O. A.; Ogunsola, O. O.Item Evaluation of the effects of various additives on the acceptability of kilishi(Animal Science Association of Nigeria, 2003-12) Omojola, A. B.; Isah, O. A.; Adewumi, M. K.; Ogunsola, O. O.; Attah, S.The semitendinosus muscle of hot de-boned beef was trimmed of all visible fats, bones and connective tissue. The cleaned muscle was weighed and sliced into thin sheet of 0.17-0.20cm thick and between 60-80cm long. The sliced meat was infused with locally available spice, condiments and other materials such as salt, sugar, maggi seasoning, peanut paste and water. The local spices and condiments used include; onion, alligator pepper, cloves, chillies, ginger, 'gyadar miya’ (Hausa name), black pepper and spice mixture containing locust bean, groundnut powder and other seasoning. The experiment comprised of six(6) treatments. Treatment one (Tl), served as the control with all ingredients present while ginger, alligator pepper cloves, gyadamiya and black pepper were absent in T2 T3 T4 Ts and T6 respectively. The result of the taste panelist showed that in terms of flavour, the Kilishi where alligator pepper was absent was most preferred. The result also showed that one or two of the spices could replace each other without any marked deference in flavour, juiciness, pungency, tenderness and overall acceptability.Item Qualitative evaluation of kilishi prepared from beef and pork(Academic Journals, 2008-06) Ogunsola, O. O.; Omojola, A. B.Kilishi is an intermediate moisture meat product of the tropics, prepared from sun-dried lean beef infused with spices and defatted groundnut paste (DGP). This study evaluates the quality traits in Kilishi prepared from beef and pork. The proximate composition and the organoleptic characteristics of Kilishi from beef and pork were studied in a completely randomized design. The effect of three different packaging materials [polyvinyl chloride (PVC), aluminium foil (ALF) and plastic container (PC)] on microbial isolates of both Kilishi after 36 week storage at room temperatures were also evaluated. The result revealed that Kilishi from beef and pork differed significantly (P > 0.05) in colour and juiciness. Kilishi from pork gave higher (P < 0.05) values of 3.70 ± 0.32 and 3.93 ± 0.21 as against values of 2.33 ± 0.22 and 2.93 ± 0.30 for Kilishi from beef in respect to colour and juiciness, respectively. Kilishi from beef and pork had similar values (P > 0.05) for moisture, protein and fat while Kilishi from beef gave a higher ash value (P < 0.05) of 8.78 ± 0.13 than Kilishi from pork (6.96 ± 0.24). The ash and protein content of Kilishi were more than those of dried raw meat samples. However, Kilishi from beef and pork gave lower moisture values of 10.00 ± 0.15 and 9.92 ± 0.22% as against 35.85 ± 0.24 and 46.51 ± 0.30% for dried raw beef and pork respectively. In the packaging experiment, five bacteria species were identified. Bacillus spp. constituted the highest while Staphylococcus spp. and Proteus spp. were the least. The foil packaged products gave the highest microbial load.Item Histological evaluation of fresh, boiled and dried beef and camel meat(Animal Science Association of Nigeria, 2007-12) Fakolade, P. O.; Omojola, A. B.; Ogunsola, O. O.; Afolabi, K. D.The Semimembranosus muscle used for the study was excited from the wholesale beef and camel meat of 2-3 years old male animals. The meat were trimmed of all surface fat, bone and connective tissue and chilled for 24 hours. Sizeable pieces of 7- 9 cm within a weight range of 60-80 gram were cut. Two treatments were applied cum; boiling of meat for 30 minutes at 100 °C till uniform doneness was achieved. Secondly treatment involved smoking of boiled meat for 6 hours at 200 °C - 320 °C. The cooking loss, cold shortening, thermal shortening, shear force, water holding capacity and histological observation were measured. The camel meat gave the highest significant value (P<0.05) in cold shortening, shear force and cooking loss compared to beef. The water holding capacity of beef evaluated gave the highest (P<0.05) 68.12 % than 59.09 % obtained for camel meat. Increase in temperature and duration of cooking, increases shrinkage, coagulation, duration of collagen and protein hardening.Item Carcass and meat characteristics of grass cutter (thryonomys swinderianus)(Animal Science Association of Nigeria, 2006-06) Ukah, O. G.; Omojola, A. B.; Ogunsola, O. O.; Okubanjo, A. O.A total of twelve adult mole grass cutter (cane rats) with an average age of 38 months were used for the evaluation of meat quality attributes and carcass characteristics. The animals were starved of feed for 16 hours, weighed, stunned, slaughtered and properly bled. The thoroughly bled carcasses were scalded and eviscerated. The dressed carcass was cut into two half carcasses, one half was dissected to determine meat yield while the other half was cut into five primal cuts of leg, shoulder, rib, loin and breast, shank and flank (B. S. F.). These cuts were cooked, their percent cook yields and cooking losses were determined. Shear force value and water holding capacity (WHC) were determined. Also determined was the length to live weight ratio. Mean live weight and dressing percentage of cane rat were 4462.50g and 66.43%, respectively. Leg and the shoulder had the highest lean yield while BSF had the least (P<0.05). The larger cuts had greater cooking losses and vice-versa. An average shear force value of 2.71kg/cm(3) was obtained while a range value of 69.15- 82.10% WHC was obtained. The meat to bone ratio was highest (P<0.05) in BSF and lead in the loin. The value obtained for lain out did not differ (P> 0.05) from the values obtained for the shoulder, rib and leg. The percent cooked yield was highest in the rib cut (79:62%) and least in the leg cut (73.90%). The length to live weight ratio was 60.4, while the average carcass length was 271. 50mm.Item Effects of pre-rigor hot and cold curing methods on the quality of smoked cooked rabbits(Animal Science Association of Nigeria, 2001-12) Ogunsola, O. O.; Okubanjo, A.Eight rabbits were used to study the effects of pre-rigor hot curing on the quality of smoked cooked rabbits. They were each slaughtered and divided into two symmetrical halves to give sixteen half carcasses. These were randomly assigned to one of four curing treatments proir to being smoked. The treatments were: (A) Post slaughter chilling at 2°C for 24 hrs followed by cold brining for 24hrs. (B) Pre-rigor curing in brine at 24 hrs. (C) Pre-rigor curing in brine at 45°C for 18 hrs. (D) Pre-rigor curing in brine at 45°C for 6hrs. All carcasses were injected to 110% of their green weight before immersion in brine of the same concentration at the given temperature. The cured products had satisfactory processing yields (100.82 -113.22%) but yields were relatively lower in hot cured rabbit carcasses. The mean nitrite level for all processing treatments was 250.94 ppm. Tenderness as measured by the shear force values and organoleptic testing did not differ significantly among treatments. Cooking loss and water holding capacity were similar in all treatments. There was also no discernible difference observed in the various organoleptic attributes. Results obtained indicate that it is possible to accelerate the curring process of rabbit through pre-rigor treatment with brine at a temperature of 45°C.Item Meat characteristics of bunaji, gudali and keteku breeds of cattle(2004) Okubanjo, A. O.; Omojola, A. B.; Ogunsola, O. O.; Adewunmi, M. K.; Ajiboro, O .G.; Alabi, G. F.; Babayemi, O. J.Carcass and meat quality traits of three breeds of cattle, which include Bunaji, Gudali and Keteku, were investigated. A total of five animals per breed were used for the study. The mean ages and live weights were not significantly different. Also, the mean carcass weight did not differ (p>0.05) significantly. The dressing percentage for Bunaji was lower (p<0.05) than for Gudali and Keteku. Back fat thickness was significantly higher (p<0.05) for Keteku and Bunaji than for Gudali while the rib eye area that was measured on the longissimus dorsi was higher in Keteku with 50cm2 while Gudali and Bunaji had 41cm2 and 33cm2 respectively. Texture of the lean meat was scored highest (p<0.05) in Gudali, followed by Bunaji while the least score was recorded for Keteku. However, the meat colour and marbling scores were not different (p>0.05) across the breeds. Shear force and cooking loss were least (p<0.05) in Keteku while Bunaji and Gudali had similar values (p>0.05) for both traits respectively.Item Preliminary studies on processing characteristics of smoked dried beef (kundi) at varying salt levels(2003) Ogunsola, O. O.; Omojola, A. B.The semitendinosus muscle used for the study was excised from the wholesale beef round and trimmed of all surface fat and connective tissue and chilled for 24 hours. Sizeable pieces within a weight range of 70-90 grams were cut. For every 250g of meat, dry salt (NaCI) was rubbed into the meat at 10,15 and 20% of the green weight. The salted meat pieces were left for 30 minutes to allow salt penetration. Three treatments were applied cum; boiling of salted meat for 30 minutes until uniform doneness was achieved. The second treatment involved broiling in the oven for 30 minutes till uniform doneness was attained while the third treatment involved smoking of fresh salted meat samples without boiling or broiling. The result showed that weight losses were considerable in all the treatments with increase in the salt levels although the results were not significantly different (P>0.05). It was also noted that although the shear force values obtained at the different salt levels were not significantly different (p>0.05), the values obtained increased as the weight loss increased. The addition of sodium chloride to meat was observed to cause a slight drop in the pH of meat.Item Sensory score of rabbit meat as affected by delayed bleeding(Innarrok Syndicate in Association with Nwamazi Printing & Publishing Co. Ltd., 2004) Omojola, A. B.; Sokunbi, O. A.; Adesehinwa, A. O. K.; Ogunsola, O. O.Item Principles of animal production(Distance Learning Centre, University of Ibadan Press, 2003) Babayemi, O. J.; Abu, O. A.; Sokunbi, O. A.; Ogunsola, O. O.