DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE

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    Physical characteristics, nutritive value and preference of zebu heifers for ensiled mixtures of corn cob, cassava peel and urea
    (2015) Olorunnisomo, O. A.; Ososanya, T. O.
    In order to improve the feeding quality of corn cob and cassava peel for zebu cattle, a mixture of corn cob-cassava peel was ensiled with 0, 1, 2, and 3% of urea. Physical characteristics, chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of the silage mixtures were determined in a laboratory trial while the preference of cattle for the mixtures was evaluated using twelve Sokoto Gudali heifers in a cafeteria feeding trial. The experimental design adopted was the completely randomized design. Silage colour changed from white to yellow; smell from very pleasant to pungent; and texture from very firm to firm as the level of urea in the silage increased. The pH increased from 3.80 to 6.00 as level of urea in the mixture increased. Crude protein (CP) content of silage increased from 8.50 to 17.52% while acid detergent fibre (ADF) decreased from 34.13 to 30.90% as level of urea in the silage mixture increased. Organic matter digestibility (OMD) varied from 55.44 - 60.45%, and increased with addition of urea. Preference of zebu heifers for corn c'ob-cassava peel silage varied from 13.81 - 38.87%. Acceptability of silage reduced significantly as level of urea increased. Addition of urea to corn cob- cassava peel silage enhanced CP content and digestibility but physical attributes and acceptability of silage by cattle were adversely affected.
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    Influence of varying energy and protein levels on the performance and feed cost of broiler chickens
    (2015) Adeyemo, G. O.; Madamidola, M. T.; Ademulegun, T. I.
    The influence of varying energy and protein levels on performance, carcass evaluation and gut morphology of broiler chickens were investigated in a 56-day feeding trial. A total of 192 one-day old Arbor acre broiler chickens were fed 6 diets at the starter and finisher phases. The diets were Recommended Energy-Recommended Protein (RERP, control), Recommended Energy-Lower Protein (RELP), Lower Energy-Recommended Protein (LERP), Lower Energy-Lower Protein (LELP), Higher Energy-Recommended Protein (HERP) and Higher Energy-Lower Protein (HELP). Birds were fed ad-libitum for 8 weeks and weighed weekly to determine their performance. Final body weight, average body weight gain and feed intake were recorded while the feed conversion ratios were determined. Feed cost in Naira (N) per kilogramme/diet for the six diets were determined. No significant (P>0.05) differences were recorded in the final body weight, average body weight gain and feed intake. Although, HERP and HELP diets enhanced these parameters. Feed conversion ratio were significantly (P<0.05) lowest in birds fed HERP and HELP diets. Birds on these treatments utilized their feed efficiently. Feed cost were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by varying energy and protein in diets. Feed cost increased with increased energy level. Diets with LELP had the least feed cost. In conclusion, feeding broilers with HERP and/or HELP gave better performance with an increased feed cost. However, lowering energy and protein in broiler diets will reduce feed cost at the expense of the bird's performance.